Bøger udgivet af Historic England

Gasholders became one of the most instantly recognisable and iconic features on the landscape since they first appeared in the early 19th century. Their simple but precise engineering, durability and flexibility allowed then to operate over a span of 200 years. They witnessed times of great social change, from the early years of the industrial revolution, through countless wars, the reign of nine monarchs, strikes, suffrage, switch to natural gas and through the turn of the millennium. Using a mixture of archive and contemporary photographs, engineering drawings, prints, paintings, adverts and diagrams, the book captures the importance of these industrial structures on the English Townscape. From their very earliest beginnings the book captures their place on the gasworks and in wider society. Evolving from simple designs on a small scale through to becoming massive features dominating skylines and becoming local landmarks.Each chapter take a different perspective, covering the different types, the varying landscapes they inhabited, their place in society, the engineers who designed them and the people who built them. It finishes with a glimpse of how they will be reimagined for future generations.

England's Military Heritage from the Air presents the story of the country's rich military heritage using photographs from the Aerofilms Collection. Covering over 6,000 years, it reflects the changing threats faced by England from enemies without, and conflicts within. The book covers everything from hillforts to aircraft carriers and includes the castles, battle sites, ships and aircraft that have witnessed the changing character of warfare. Ending with how victory and sacrifice are commemorated and remembered, England's Military Heritage from the Air is a tribute to the courage, skill and endurance of the people who have suffered yet prevailed.

This guide is for local authorities, owners and others involved in the conservation of Georgian and Victorian / early 20th century terraced housing. It gives a historic overview of terraced housing and identifies important features of different types of terrace. It will help local authorities and others implementing historic environment legislation and policy as well as help those who are planning to make changes to terraced housing to understand their buildings and what is special about them. It identifies issues to consider for those wishing to make alterations and it provides helpful information for making planning applications.

Local heritage - whether buildings, monuments, sites, places, areas, historic parks and gardens or other designed landscapes - plays an essential role in building and reinforcing a sense of local character and distinctiveness in the historic environment. It can be formally identified in a number of ways, and one such way is the production of local heritage lists. These enable the significance of any building or site on the list to be better taken into account in planning applications affecting the building or site or its setting. This publication supports communities and local authorities in introducing a local heritage list in their area or making changes to an existing list. The value of a local heritage list is reinforced when its preparation is informed by selection criteria, thereby encouraging a more consistent approach to the identification and management of local heritage assets across England, to the benefit of all, including community groups, owners and developers, and others who need to understand local development opportunities and constraints. A local heritage list can celebrate the breadth of the historic environment of a local area by encompassing the full range of heritage assets that make up the historic environment and ensuring the proper recording of local heritage assets. Local heritage lists provide a consistent and accountable way of identifying local heritage assets. Heritage assets identified in local heritage lists will be added to the Historic Environment Record (HER) and arrangements will need to be in place for updating the list, and therefore the HER, when heritage assets which are not on the list are identified, for example through the decision-making process for planning applications. Local heritage lists should be published on local planning authorities' websites (innovative ways of creating and maintaining lists are encouraged) and local planning authorities should be clear as to how the list will inform their decision-making on heritage assets.

This publication is aimed at building owners and managers caring for stained glass windows, but it will also be of interest to their professional advisors, and to conservation officers, diocesan advisors and other statutory authorities. It is intended to help readers recognise the symptoms that indicate a decorative window might be suffering from environmental deterioration, and to understand and alleviate the impacts this may be having on the stained glass. The document is not a complete guide to the deterioration of stained glass (the complexity of which demands the expertise of an experienced accredited stained glass conservator), but instead outlines in general terms the process of making decisions about the conservation of stained glass in danger of environmental deterioration. It explains how internal and external environmental conditions can damage decorative windows, and gives pointers for determining whether a window requires specialist attention.

This publication provides guidance to building owners, conservation professionals, local authorities and estate managers responsible for dealing with graffiti on historic buildings and sites. It describes the types of graffiti and historic materials affected, the legal context for reporting and prosecuting graffiti crime, general advice on removing graffiti, best technical practice expected of specialist graffiti-removal contractors, and prevention measures. It also addresses wider cultural developments, notably the increased public recognition and acceptance of 'street art', and the consequent need to define the boundaries between street art and unwanted graffiti.

Burial places were of prime importance for Jewish communities throughout history, even more essential than synagogue buildings. For this reason, they often provide the earliest evidence for the presence of a Jewish population. Jewish burial grounds existed in medieval England, but these were lost following the expulsion of Jews by Edward I in 1290. From then until the 1650s no Jewish communities were tolerated officially. However, after a gap over 250 years Jews began to return and establish the burial grounds that we see today. This document provides a concise introduction to post-resettlement Anglo-Jewish burial grounds. It traces their history and outlines how they have evolved from the 1650s up until the present day. Their main features are described and explained in the context of the beliefs that underpin them.

When it was officially opened on Easter Monday, 5th April 1847, Birkenhead park became the first municipally funded park in Britain. It was a pioneer in the development of urban public parks, designed for use by everyone, irrespective of social class, ethnicity or age. In terms of town planning, it demonstrated the importance of including green infrastructure in urban development as a vital contribution to public health and wellbeing. Paxton's design for the park was heralded as 'a masterpiece of human creative genius' it served as a vehicle for the global transmission of the English landscape school and led to the creation of numerous public parks everywhere, most famously Central Park, New York, incorporating of many of Paxton's design features.This book addresses a long-standing gap in the Park's historiography. Regarded as 'one of the greatest wonders of the age', it is an important contribution to nineteenth-century landscape history with a local focus, but of international significance. But it seeks to interpret the Park's development until 1914 within a political and cultural context, drawing on economic and social history, as a means of explaining why it was not until the late-nineteenth century that it finally became a focal point for recreation and public health.

Edwin Rickards was the most flamboyant of Edwardian architects: his buildings were said by John Summerson to fizz like champagne. During a short working life, launched at the age of 25 by winning the competition to design Cardiff City Hall with his partners H.V. Lanchester and James Stewart, he completed four spectacular baroque buildings. Rickards‿ work was unique in Edwardian architecture for his personal combination of French and especially Austrian sources. Working closely with H.C. Fehr and Henry Poole, leading practitioners of the New Sculpture, he designed two of the major monuments of the period. As well as being one of the best freehand draughtsmen in London, he was also a prodigious caricaturist. With a foot in the demi-monde and an endless appetite for architectural and personal adventure, Rickards was an unforgettable figure to everyone who met him. Illustrated throughout with stunning new photography by Robin Forster and by Rickards‿ own sketches and drawings, this book portrays his close friendship with the novelist Arnold Bennett who described him, along with H.G Wells, as one of ‿the two most interesting, provocative, and stimulating men I have yet encountered‿, and his meteoric career that ended with his early death.

This book presents a compact and compelling account of the life and work of Berthold Lubetkin (1901-1990), widely regarded as the outstanding architect of his generation to practise in England. It explores the key themes, achievements and setbacks of his career, drawing from the author‿s twenty-year personal friendship with Lubetkin himself, from discussions with former colleagues, and from his direct experience of working with many of Lubetkin‿s buildings as a conservation architect. The study reveals the significance of Lubetkin‿s Russian origins and European travels, re-assesses his prime work of the 1930s and charts the extensive output of his often-overlooked post-war career. It also considers Lubetkin‿s legacy in the later work of his key associates, several of whom became significant architects in their own right. Lubetkin is a legendary figure in architectural circles, while still remaining slightly mysterious and misunderstood. The author shines new light on the man and his ideas, and assesses his unique place in modern architectural history. Illustrations include original black & white images as well as high-quality colour studies of the buildings as they are now. A complete List of Works and published commentaries also provide a valuable source of reference.

Malt is one of the main ingredients of beer, yet the buildings in which it was and is now produced have received very little attention. This illustrated book discusses malthouses and their kilns from the prehistoric period to the present day and provides details on changing production methods.

This handbook provides advice on best practice for the recovery, publication and archiving of animal bones and teeth from Holocene archaeological sites (ie from approximately the last 10,000 years). It has been written for local authority archaeology advisors, consultants, museum curators, project managers, excavators and zooarchaeologists, with the aim of ensuring that approaches are suitable and cost-effective.

Many of the sites and projects from which dates have been obtained are now published, although developments in statistical methodologies for the interpretation of radiocarbon dates since these measurements were made may allow revised chronological models to be constructed on the basis of these dates.

Erno Goldfinger (1902-87) is one of the most celebrated modern architects to work in Britain in the twentieth century.

Using Ordnance Survey 1:25,000 data - the ideal scale for walkers - this new map shows with great clarity all the elements of Hadrian's Wall, and distinguishes between those features that are visible and those that have been levelled through time.

With Stonehenge on one side and Avebury on the other, the map shows and describes both visible and hidden remains, with information about where you can find out more. The map is divided into two parts on a durable double sided waterproof sheet.

The Peak District is a vital place with landscapes of great beauty from wild moorlands to walled fields around picturesque villages. Similarly, there are polite landscapes created by the wealthy contrasting with conflict landscapes where men trained for war, while others defended their homeland.

In the 16th century, glass manufacture increased and benefited from technological development (largely brought by immigrant glass makers).

Drawing on contemporary architects' plans, horticultural publications, diaries and memoirs, this book shows how and why conservatories emerged in the form they did, and explores what they were like inside and how they were used by their owners. The second part of the book focuses on how various elements of conservatories may be conserved.

The 18th-century phenomenon of the English Landscape Garden was so widespread that even today, when so much has been built over or otherwise changed, one is never far from an example throughout England.

Some places have impressive workings and these have such things as engine chambers, arched levels, deep shafts, underground canals, drainage soughs, and discarded equipment. This book presents a detailed introduction to the underground mining and quarrying heritage in England.

and, finally, the men had to embark and the armada had to deliver its cargo to a strict timetable under enemy fire onto a hostile shore. For understandable reasons, the emphasis on remembrance of D-Day is focused on the beaches: that's where the battles took place;

Pesticides may be used in a 'safe manner' and this is the province of the remedial company, but legislation is continuously evolving and pesticides are becoming increasingly unpopular. The second option is to take a little time and to consider the problem.

Two centuries ago Weston-super-Mare was a small, rarely visited village but its location alongside the Severn Estuary soon made it a convenient bathing place for the wealthy inhabitants of Bristol and Bath.

This collection takes a fresh look at architect Robert Adam's work. Perhaps the best known of all British architects, Adam is the only one whose name denotes both a style and an era. The new decorative language he introduced at Kedleston and Syon around 1760 put him at the forefront of dynamic changes taking place in eighteenth-century British architecture. His later claim that his practice with his brother James had effected 'a kind of revolution' in design was no idle boast. Their style dominated the later Georgian period and their influence was widespread, not only in Western Europe but in Russia and North America. But for such a well-known figure, much of Robert Adam's art still remains poorly understood. This new study, based on papers given at a Georgian Group symposium in 2015, looks afresh at many aspects of the Adam brothers' oeuvre, such as interior planning, their use of colour the influence of classical sources, their involvement in the art market, town planning and building speculation, and Robert Adam's late picturesque drawings and castle designs--all within the context of the Adam family background and their personal and working relationships. The Scottish architecture of Robert and James's older brother, John, is also assessed. There are essays by established Adam experts as well as contributions from a younger generation of historians and post-doctoral scholars.

The many and diverse aspects of its history, geography, character, function and meaning will be explored and while this study will inevitably focus on the tangible, both natural and man-made, it will also seek to capture something of the spiritual and cultural character of the seafront, is activities, people and memories.

100 places, buildings and historical sites that tell the remarkable story of England and its impact on the world.

How do you find out about historic buildings and places? A good place to start is with visual evidence. Original drawings, topographical views, surveys, maps, photographs, and other historic visual sources help to support an understanding of how a building or location appears the way it does today. Interpreting such material requires knowledge of historic design and mapping conventions, the place of the drawings in the construction process, the methods and techniques used to create engraved or topographical views, and the equipment and processes used in photography at particular times. The authors of this book all professional architectural and art historians explain the provenance, purpose, and terminology of a range of visual sources from the sixteenth to the twentieth century, and explore how they can help or sometimes hinder an understanding of the original form and subsequent changes to a building, site, or landscape. In addition, they list the most widely used archives, such as the Royal Institute of British Architects Drawings Collection, as well as online and published databases of historic visual sources. This book will be of particular interest to historic buildings professionals, archaeologists, conservation architects, students of architectural history, and those involved in the preparation of conservation plans. More widely, it is hoped that the visual sources discussed and listed here may open a new and rich vein of material to different kinds of historians, genealogists, educators, students, and authors."--

'I have reviewed a wealth of material over the course of the Great War Centenary but this book stands out as truly exceptional. Historic England is an organisation that deserves recognition for the work it does so well.'Phil Curme, The Western Front Association