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Originally titled Frontieres de la Poesie (1935), this book by Jacques Maritain, whose philosophical writings read as interestingly as a novel, will be welcomed by all who are seeking a better understanding of the art of our time. The book delves into Maritain's thoughts on the nature and subjectivity of art and poetry. As a philosopher, Maritain attempts to define the two concepts, describing art and poetry as virtues, and as being primarily concerned with beauty. Rather than focus on aesthetic theory, Maritain examines the concepts at a more tangible level, including a discussion of how they are made. The principles established with such precision and brilliance in his earlier work, Art and Scholasticism, which has had such a deep influence on contemporary artists, are successfully put to the test in illuminating the creative works of such diverse artists as Georges Rouault, Marc Chagall, Gino Sevirini, and Arthur Lourie.

Jan Holcman's Legacy of Chopin brings together Chopin's views on music, including pianism, composition, teaching, music criticism, and more. With extensive references and footnotes from the author, readers can gain unparalleled knowledge into the famous composer's theories, practices, and philosophies.

How do the Japanese talk about their native philosophy, Shinto, a decade and a half after the Western Allies abolished it as a state religion? What is its relationship to Buddhism, and particularly to Zen? How modern can this very ancient creed ever be? These are some of the questions considered in this study by Dr. Chikao Fujisawa, who specialized in the study of traditional Japanese philosophy and its effect on modern society. Zen and Shinto is a strong plea to rectify the steps taken to eradicate Shinto, the very substance of Japanese life and thought. At the same time, it offers new insight into the amazing adaptability of the Japanese psycheits depth, vitality and universalityand its remarkable capacity to assimilate foreign thought and ideas, and thus contribute to the world's hope for permanent peace.

Have you ever wondered how different worldviews have shaped history? How dominant religious or political groups have changed the way past events have been interpreted, written, and recorded? Voltaire, the greatest philosophical mind to come out of the Enlightenment, has tackled these very questions in his essay The Philosophy of History. Voltaire attempts to reinterpret the moral, aesthetic, and religious views and the customs and practices that prevailed in ancient civilizations. In The Philosophy of History, he takes a philosophical look through history from different races of man to legislators who have spoken in the name of the Gods. This enthralling essay is an essential read for scholars and students of the Enlightenment. The Philosophy of History was first published in London in 1776 and is a typical representation of Voltaire's attitude toward life and reality. His prime concern was to disprove and demolish the established notions that governed contemporary affairs; they were, in his penetrating view, patently ridiculous. He spread his iconoclastic aim throughout his work. The model for all subsequent dissenters, Voltaire wrote with courage and conviction most importantly, with controlled genius that lent to his words and ideas a strength and aggregate that has resisted the erosive influence of time. This ebook is derived from the original edition published in 1776, with a preface by Thomas Kiernan

Long available to the readers of Soviet Russia, here is the first English translation, in book form, of the unexpurgated papers of Karl Marx on the so-called ';Jewish question.' Most of Marx's anti-Semitic diatribes were carefully eliminated by the translators and editors of his books, his journalistic writings and his correspondence. Readers unfamiliar with this aspect of his thought will be startled to discover how well it has served the purposes of the totalitarian regimes of our time. It is consequently a subject upon which every member of a free society should be adequately informed. A fearless and illuminating critical introduction to this remarkable work has been provided by the eminent philosopher, Dagobert D. Runes. Extensive comments and critical annotations related to the material appear throughout the book.

Assembled here for the first time in one volume are the essential facts about the cults, rites and rituals associated with polytheistic religions that have existed from the Stone Age to the present. The aim of the book is to create and preserve a partial record of the pagan religions or cults that have flourished since the dawn of mankind and of their impact and influence throughout the world. This record includes many of the forgotten religions and their ideologies, practices, and mythologies.

Dictionary of Magic by Harry E. Wedeck offers a broad understanding of the field of witchcraft, the occult, and its many manifestations, from early Babylonian times to the present day. It includes knowledge of words in this area from many continents and practices. It also discusses and analyzes occult practices and notable wizards and demographers.

This classic and thoroughly delightful reference explores the origins of superstitions. You'll discover the origins behind charms, spells, fairy lore and legend, folk remedies and customs of birth, marriage, and death. This collection will be a staple in your library for years and generations to come.

This dictionary provides concise definitions for over 2200 terms used in many philosophies, religions and doctrines which relate to the influence of the superhuman and supernatural on man's everyday life. Terms which are found in Esoteric Philosophy, Occultism, Religious Mysticism, Spiritualism, Alchemy, Psychical Research, and Religious Mysticism are defined. Particular attention is given to the Oriental philosophies of Buddhism, Brahmanism, Sufism, Lamaism, Zoroastrianism, Theosophy, and Cabbalism. Also included are terms used in Magic and Demonology.

Dictionary of Witchcraft is a must-have resource for anyone interested in witchcraft, pagan religions, and the occult. This historical dictionary was the first reference work to seriously document superstitions, manifestations, magic, and superstitions. The author's interest was to compile a vast amount of matter that would interest, entertain and instruct others. This dictionary was consulted by some of the greatest Romantic writers, notably by Hugo. Collin de Plancy followed the tradition of many previous demonologists of cataloguing demons by name and title of nobility, as it happened with grimoires like Pseudomonarchia Daemonum and The Lesser Key of Solomon among others. It is considered a major work documenting beings, characters, books, deeds, and causes which pertain to the manifestations and magic of trafficking with Hell; divinations, occult sciences, grimoires, marvels, errors, prejudices, traditions, folktales, the various superstitions, and generally all manner of marvelous, surprising, mysterious, and supernatural beliefs.

Discover the delightful tales, characters, and themes of classic American storytelling in this comprehensive Dictionary of American Folklore. Ever wonder the origins of the fairy tales, myths, and legends passed down from generation to generation throughout America's long history? From Paul Bunyan to Johnny Appleseed, Marjorie Tallman covers it all in an engaging voice sure to please readers of all ages.

In this companion volume to the well-known Aristotle Dictionary, Morris Stockhammer offers a comprehensive and alphabetically organized glossary of the basic writings of Plato. For many years, the editor scanned through the Dialogues of Plato in an effort to find and collect those pithy thoughts that represent the essence of Platonism. The perfect dictionary for philosophers and students of ancient philosophy, the Plato Dictionary includes explanations, definitions, and explications of Plato's vocabulary, often using his own words to complete the description. Each entry also includes a citation from Plato's indispensable oeuvre.

A handy, comprehensive guide to a wide range of topics relating to the awesome power and cult of Satan, in myriad forms and under many different names, from ancient times to the present. Distilled from hundreds of reliable sources, both religious and secular, the entries include men and movements, orders and objects, rites, rituals, incantations, events, legends, and occult practices that have fascinated the mind of man through the ages. It also contains entries relating to a host of unorthodox beliefs and irrational acts, such as the murder of Sharon Tate, which have only recently come to light. The simple manner in which even the most abstruse topics are handled is certain to open the mysterious world of darkness to readers with no prior knowledge of the occult and to intrigue and inform those who seek to extend their knowledge of the subject.

Karl Marx was the father of communism. Marx''s philosophy hinges on his view of human nature. Along with the Hegelian dialectic, Marx inherited a disdain for the notion of an underlying invariant human nature. Sometimes Marxists express their views by contrasting ΓÇ£natureΓÇ¥ with ΓÇ£historyΓÇ¥. Sometimes they use the phrase ΓÇ£existence precedes consciousnessΓÇ¥. The point, in either case, is that who a person is, is determined by where and when he is ΓÇö social context takes precedence over innate behavior; or, in other words, one of the main features of human nature is adaptability. Nevertheless, Marxian thought rests on the fundamental assumption that it is human nature to transform nature, and he calls this process of transformation "labour " and the capacity to transform nature labour power.

With a great clarity and from a scientific point of view, the author presents a readable survey of the whole range of Buddhist thought.

In The War Against the Jew by Dagobert D. Runes, an introduction passionately written with a cause and purpose describes the War on the Jews, the history of Jewish hatred and prejudice. After that he gives a glossary of names, places, beings, writings, and words that describe this hatred. Dagobert David Runes (January 6, 1902 ΓÇô September 24, 1982) was a philosopher and author. He is associated with The Philosophical Library, a spiritual organization and publisher. Runes was a colleague and friend of Albert Einstein. Runes is responsible for publishing an English translation of Marx''s On the Jewish Question, which he published under the title A World without Jews, and editing The Dictionary of Philosophy, published in 1942.

Bergson incorporated the best of contemporary thinking in all his works. Such as A. Krauss, Delage, Freud, and W. Robert. He talks about our sensory organs (eyes) are involved in dreams that we think we preceive something but when we open our eyes it vanishes. This book is not a dictionary of dreams but a stunning example of how dreams work and function. Henri-Louis Bergson was a major French philosopher, influential in the first half of the 20th century. One of Bergson''s main problems is to think novelty as pure creation, instead of as the unraveling of a predetermined program. His is a philosophy of pure mobility, unforeseeable novelty, creativity and freedom, which can thus be characterized as a process philosophy. It touches upon such topics as time and identity, free will, perception, change, memory, consciousness, language, the foundation of mathematics and the limits of reason.

Legend of a Musical City - The Story of Vienna by Max Graf is a story of Vienna - the musical center of the world. The author has enjoyed the intimate friendship of the musical stars of the last fifty years in which this book was written. Musical stars such as Bruckner, Brahms, and Richard Strauss. He gives a delightful as well as highly educational story of the development of Austrian music. Max Graf, a composer and music critic, the father of "Little Hans," was born October 1, 1873, in Vienna, where he died on June 24, 1958. The son of Joseph Graf, a Jewish writer and editor, he was educated in Vienna and Prague. After 1891 he studied at the law school of the University of Vienna but devoted most of his time to music and it was his intention to become a composer, according to Louis Rose (1986). He finished his legal studies in 1896 but devoted much of his time to music composition and criticism, and regularly took part in meetings of the literary group Jung-Wien. From 1902 to 1938 he taught the history of music and musical aesthetics at the Vienna Academy of Music, where he was appointed professor in 1909. Graf met Sigmund Freud in 1900 and his wife, Olga Graf (born Olga Hoenig), from whom he separated a few years later, was probably a patient of Freud''s. Within the psychoanalytic movement he is known for being the father of "Little Hans," Herbert Graf, who was born in 1903. It was Max who supplied Freud with the material for his paper "The Analysis of a Phobia in a Five-Year Old Boy" (1909b). At the end of 1904, he took part in sessions of the Wednesday Psychoanalytic Society and, in December 1907, wrote an essay entitled "Methodik der Dichterpsychologie" (Methodology of the Psychology of the Poet). In early 1906 Freud wrote a short text on a somewhat unexpected topic, "Psycopathische Personen auf der B├╝hne" (Psychopathic Characters on the Stage). The text was never published in German, but Graf, to whom Freud had given the manuscript, kept it and had an English translation published (1942a [1905-1906]). Graf emigrated to the United States in 1938 and taught until 1947 at the New School for Social Research in New York, where, in 1940, he created the first seminars in music criticism. He was a guest professor at the Carnegie Institute of Technology in Pittsburgh and at Temple University in Philadelphia. In 1947 he returned to Austria and taught music criticism at the Mozarteum in Salzburg and elsewhere. In 1953 his autobiography, Jede Stunde war erf├╝llt: Ein halbes Jahrhundert Musik- und Theaterleben (Every Minute Filled: A Half-Century in Music and Theater), was published in Vienna, where he died in 1958.

The essays in Existentialism and Modern Literature by Davis McElroy were originally written as lectures. McElroy uses the word ΓÇ£GodΓÇ¥ in the sense that God governs man from within by making each of us a unique experiment in humanity. Existentialism is a term that has been applied to the work of a number of nineteenth and twentieth century philosophers who, despite profound doctrinal differences, took the human subject ΓÇö not merely the thinking subject, but the acting, feeling, living human individual and his or her conditions of existence ΓÇö as a starting point for philosophical thought. The titles of these lectures are ΓÇ£The Problem of ManΓÇÖs Existence,ΓÇ¥ ΓÇ£Modern Literature: A Warning,ΓÇ¥ and ΓÇ£Existentialism and Modern Literature.ΓÇ¥

ΓÇ£On the day of German Labor, on the day of the Community of the People, the Rector of Freiburg University, Dr. Marin Heidegger, made his official entry into the National Socialist Party.ΓÇ¥ And so begins one of the most controversial philosophical texts available today. Heidegger, a German Nationalist and proud Nazi, thoroughly examines the history, the philosophy, and the rise to power of the Nazi movement in Germany. Martin HeideggerΓÇÖs distinguished Italian colleague, Professor Benedetto Croce, said of his German contemporary, ΓÇ£This man dishonors philosophy and that is an evil for politics too.ΓÇ¥ CroceΓÇÖs severe rebuke was not singular at the time when Hitlerism was rampant over Europe. It is true that among the almost one thousand professional philosophers of Germany and Austria only very few actively opposed National Socialism. On the other hand, no one degraded his historic profession in the manner Heidegger did, by becoming a spokesman for National Socialism and attempting to mold his theories into one pattern with Hitlerism. HeideggerΓÇÖs contribution to the growth and development of National Socialism was immense. In this small anthology Dr. Runes endeavors to point to the utter confusion Heidegger created by drawing, for political and social application of his own existentialism metaphysics, upon the decadent and repulsive brutalization of Hitlerism. Martin Heidegger was a philosopher most known for his contributions to German phenomenological and existential thought. Heidegger was born in rural Messkirch in 1889 to Catholic parents. While studying philosophy and mathematics at Albert-Ludwig University in Freiburg, Heidegger became the assistant for philosopher Edmund Husserl. Influenced by Husserl, Kierkegaard, and Nietzsche, Heidegger wrote extensively on the quality of Being, including his opus Being and Time. He served as professor of philosophy at Albert-Ludwig University and taught there during the war. In 1933, Heidegger joined the National Socialist German WorkerΓÇÖs (or Nazi) Party and expressed his support for Hitler in several articles and speeches. After the war, his support for the Nazi party came under attack, and he was tried as a sympathizer. He was able to return to Albert-Ludwig University, however, and taught there until he retired. Heidegger continued to lecture and write until his death 1973.

Edited and compiled by William E. Galt after BurrowΓÇÖs death, Science and ManΓÇÖs Behavior: The Contribution of Phylobiology details the practices and therapies of one of the founding fathers of behavioral psychology. As a psychologist, Burrow was most interested in understanding and resolving man''s behavioral conflict. He worked to shed light on behavioral disorders through his use of group- and phylo-therapy. Join Galt on a journey through BurrowΓÇÖs theories and practices in this important early text on a groundbreaking twentieth-century methodology. Trigiant Burrow was a founder of phylobiology and was a pioneer of using phylo-analysis as a therapy tool. Burrow was a trained doctor, biologist, and psychologist who specialized in experimental psychology. He studied psychoanalysis with Carl Jung and brought the European techniques to the United States. He studied and practiced experimental and behavioral psychology in Baltimore, Maryland for most of his life.

Ex-Italian Somaliland describes the struggle of Somaliland under the Italian government, who encouraged traffic of slaves, evicted people from their land, and eventually used the colony as a base of aggression against Ethiopia. Estelle Sylvia Pankhurst (May 5, 1882 ΓÇô September 27, 1960) was a notable campaigner for the suffragette movement in the United Kingdom. She was for a time a prominent left communist who then devoted herself to the cause of anti-fascism, and for peace. In the mid-1920s, Pankhurst drifted away from communist politics but remained involved in movements connected with anti-fascism and anti-colonialism. In 1932 she was instrumental in the establishment of the Socialist Workers'' National Health Council. She responded to the Italian invasion of Ethiopia by publishing The New Times and Ethiopia News from 1936, and became a supporter of Haile Selassie. She raised funds for Ethiopia''s first teaching hospital, and wrote extensively on Ethiopian art and culture; her research was published as Ethiopia, a Cultural History (London: Lalibela House, 1955). From 1936, MI5 kept a watch on Pankhurst''s correspondence. In 1940, she wrote to Viscount Swinton as the chairman of a committee investigating Fifth Columnists, sending him a list of active Fascists still at large and of anti-Fascists who had been interned. A copy of this letter on MI5''s file carries a note in Swinton''s hand reading "I should think a most doubtful source of information." After the post-war liberation of Ethiopia, she became a strong supporter of union between Ethiopia and the former Italian Somaliland, and MI5''s file continued to follow her activities. In 1948, MI5 considered strategies for "muzzling the tiresome Miss Sylvia Pankhurst". Pankhurst became a friend and adviser to the Ethiopian Emperor Haile Selassie and followed a consistently anti-British stance. She moved to Addis Ababa at Haile Selassie''s invitation in 1956, with her son, Richard, (who continues to live there), and founded a monthly journal, Ethiopia Observer, which reported on many aspects of Ethiopian life and development. She died in 1960, and was given a full state funeral at which Haile Selassie named her ''an honorary Ethiopian''. She is the only foreigner buried in front of Holy Trinity Cathedral in Addis Ababa, in the area reserved for patriots of the Italian war.

This comprehensive and detailed dictionary draws from the expertise of several contributors as well FermΓÇÖs own extensive knowledge of pastoral psychology to bring readers an excellent introduction to the field. Dictionary of Pastoral Psychology includes an extensive headword list and easy-to-use cross references of terms, and it will be an invaluable and lasting reference source to students of the field. Vergilius Ferm is the author of several reference titles in philosophy, including Dictionary of Pastoral Psychology and A History of Philosophical Systems. He taught at the College of Wooster, where he served as the head of the Department of Philosophy and was the Compton Professor of Philosophy.

This collection of reflective essays forms a “spiritual autobiography” of André Gide, a key figure of French letters André Gide, a literary and intellectual giant of twentieth-century France, mines his memories and personal observations in this collection of essays. Gide’s reflections and commentary masterfully showcase his delicate writing style and evocative sensibility, yielding new insights on writers such as Goethe and contemporaries Joseph Conrad, Nicolas Poussin, Arthur Rimbaud, and Paul-Marie Verlaine. Through it all, Gide skillfully investigates humanity’s contradictory nature and struggles to resolve the moral, political, and religious conflicts inherent in daily life.

ΓÇ£Here is the book for which all who are worrying about how to get along with Russia have been looking. It gives us fundamental insight into the Russian way of thinking and does so with rare simplicity and clarity. The portrayal is a sympathetic one throughout, and true understanding in this difficult field requires sympathy. Criticism must come too, but it will not be relevant unless it is based on such understanding as Professor Somerville here makes available.ΓÇ¥ ΓÇöProf. E. A. Burtt, Sage School of Philosophy, Cornell University

This new edition of the well-known definitive glossary provides the key to those terms in the English language that have either changed their meaning or been altogether discarded . . . Words common in the days of Chaucer, Shakespeare or Johnson . . . Even words known to Dickens and Browning, but today obsolete. A fascinating handbook, not merely for the linguist and philologist, but for everyone intrigued by the colorful, the strange and the bizarre in our language.

The great 20th century philosopher delivered these lectures in China, which are available now to the public for the first time. The lectures show Dewey at the height of his powers, discussing and criticizing various schools of philosophyΓÇöincluding his own experimental position. For the first time DeweyΓÇÖs thinking crystallized into systematic form, thus the lectures are important not only philosophically but historically. In A Survey of Greek Philosophy Dewey gives a brief but comprehensive account of Greek philosophy from prehistory through Aristotle. DeweyΓÇÖs original English notes were lost, but the material in this book has been edited and translated from Chinese newspapers of the 1920s by Professor Robert W. Clopton and Dr. Tsuin-Chen Ou. Samuel Meyer has provided a lucid and thorough introduction. Not to be missed by anyone interested in the development of DeweyΓÇÖs thought and of 20th century philosophy. ΓÇ£. . . the most complete presentation of DeweyΓÇÖs theory of the development of philosophy, in prose simpler and clearer than he himself ever provided . . . Types of Thinking deserves a place in every subject collection.ΓÇ¥ΓÇöLibrary Journal

Shostakovitch: The Man and His Work is a rich and compelling biography of one of the most famous composers of all time. Author Ivan Martynov brings together extensive research, including interviews and conversations with Shostakovitch himself, to shed light on the man behind the music. This edition was translated from the Russian by T. Guaralsky, and it includes a list of musical works. Ivan Martynov was a Russian musicologist and friend of Dmitri Shostakovitch.

Preface gives a synopsis of Spinoza, his life, and where he was at during this time period. The book gives a huge depth into Cartesian Philosophy which is the philosophical doctrine of Rene Descartes. It also speaks of metaphysics in relation to Spinoza and Cartesian Philosophy. Baruch or Benedict de Spinoza was a Dutch philosopher of Portuguese Jewish origin. Revealing considerable scientific aptitude, the breadth and importance of Spinoza''s work was not fully realized until years after his death. Today, he is considered one of the great rationalists of 17th-century philosophy, laying the groundwork for the 18th century Enlightenment and modern biblical criticism. By virtue of his magnum opus, the posthumous Ethics, in which he opposed Descartes'' mindΓÇôbody dualism, Spinoza is considered to be one of Western philosophy''s most important philosophers. Philosopher and historian Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel said of all modern philosophers, "You are either a Spinozist or not a philosopher at all." All of Spinoza''s works were listed on the Index Librorum Prohibitorum (List of Prohibited Books) by the Roman Catholic Church. Spinoza lived quietly as a lens grinder, turning down rewards and honors throughout his life, including prestigious teaching positions, and gave his family inheritance to his sister. Spinoza''s moral character and philosophical accomplishments prompted 20th century philosopher Gilles Deleuze to name him "the ''prince'' of philosophers." Spinoza died at the age of 44 of a lung illness, perhaps tuberculosis or silicosis exacerbated by fine glass dust inhaled while tending to his trade. Spinoza is buried in the churchyard of the Nieuwe Kerk on Spui in The Hague.

The conflict between religion and science has been a perennial problem in human thought. One of the most brilliant efforts to cope with it is that of Moses Maimonides. Born in the latter part of the twelfth century (1135ΓÇô1205) when Aristotelian naturalism proclaimed its bold challenge to any revealed religion in the name of the sufficiency of reason, and its fruits, the natural sciences, Moses Maimonides led in an act of meditation that broke new ground in the understanding both of religion as well as of science. Dr. Bokser examines the basic elements of his thought and seeks to indicate what in it was of transient character and what remains cogent for the religio-cultural problem of our own time.