Bøger udgivet af Rose PUB ZONE

The task of counter-hegemonic groups is the development of counter-institutions, ideologies, and cultures that provide an ethical alternative to the dominanthegemony, a lived experience of how the world can be different. The entry pointin terms of individual consciousness is the disjuncture between received versionsof reality and lived contradictions" (Lather, 1984, 55-56).Racism and its effects continue to forcefully impact American society. Efforts tocombat racism have almost always addressed the issue and problems from the perspectiveof the groups affected by discriminatory policies and practices. However, during the lastdecade of the twentieth century, there was an increasing interest within several disciplinesin foregrounding, interrogating, and rearticulating "whiteness." Within the disciplines ofsociology, speech communication, cultural studies, critical race theory, and education, discourses have emerged to look at racism not from the perspective of the "other" butfrom the perspective of whiteness and white privilege. There have been strident calls foran analysis of whiteness as a racialized category and for an examination of how whitenesshas (mis)shaped knowledge production in American culture (Keating, 1995).

Leadership is a critical element in many spheres of human societies. Although scholarshold divergent views on the definition of leadership, most concur on the need for leaders to bringabout positive changes in societies. According to Nohria and Khurana (2010), leadership refersto "a certain quality of an individual personality" that sets a person a part from others (p. 8).From a behaviorist perspective, Northouse (2007) defines leadership as "a process whereby anindividual influences a group of people to achieve a common goal" (p. 3). Scholars (Brinia,2011; Gunbayani, 2005) concur that leadership is a position of influence that allows a person tomotivate, inspire, and to set direction for the purpose of achieving certain goals. Leadershipoperates under three dimensions that include: context, vision, and action (Levitt, 2010).Considering varying definitions of leadership, Bass (1997) and Fiedler (1993) suggest themeaning of leadership be defined and understood within specific situations or contexts.

This study examined how engaging with female peers on social media affects young women's body image and self-esteem. Participants were 90 female undergraduate students. Fifty participants left comments on photos of one of their own subjectively more attractive acquaintances and interacted with her social media profiles for 10 minutes. The other 40 participants completed the same procedure with a family member they did not consider more attractive than themselves. Women who had engaged with attractive acquaintances had lower state self-esteem and body image than those who had engaged with family members on social media. Self-evaluative salience of appearance investment, drive for thinness, and downward (but not upward) physical appearance tendencies moderated various relationships between condition and self-esteem and body image. The findings reveal active social media engagement is causally related to eating disorder risk factors in young women, and young women with certain traits are more susceptible to such effects.