Bøger udgivet af Springer London

The amount and the complexity of the data gathered by current enterprises are increasing at an exponential rate. Consequently, the analysis of Big Data is nowadays a central challenge in Computer Science, especially for complex data. For example, given a satellite image database containing tens of Terabytes, how can we find regions aiming at identifying native rainforests, deforestation or reforestation? Can it be made automatically? Based on the work discussed in this book, the answers to both questions are a sound "e;yes"e;, and the results can be obtained in just minutes. In fact, results that used to require days or weeks of hard work from human specialists can now be obtained in minutes with high precision. Data Mining in Large Sets of Complex Data discusses new algorithms that take steps forward from traditional data mining (especially for clustering) by considering large, complex datasets. Usually, other works focus in one aspect, either data size or complexity. This work considers both: it enables mining complex data from high impact applications, such as breast cancer diagnosis, region classification in satellite images, assistance to climate change forecast, recommendation systems for the Web and social networks; the data are large in the Terabyte-scale, not in Giga as usual; and very accurate results are found in just minutes. Thus, it provides a crucial and well timed contribution for allowing the creation of real time applications that deal with Big Data of high complexity in which mining on the fly can make an immeasurable difference, such as supporting cancer diagnosis or detecting deforestation.

Microprocessors are the key component of the infrastructure of our 21st-century electronic- and digital information-based society. More than four billion are sold each year for use in 'intelligent' electronic devices; ranging from smart egg-timer through to aircraft management systems.Most of these processor devices appear in the form of highly-integrated microcontrollers, which comprize a core microprocessor together with memory and analog/digital peripheral ports. By using simple cores, these single-chip computers are the cost- and size-effective means of adding the brains to previous dumb widgets; such as the credit card.Using the same winning format as the successful Springer guide, The Quintessential PIC® Microcontroller, this down-to-earth new textbook/guide has been completely rewritten based on the more powerful PIC18 enhanced-range Microchip MCU family. Throughout the book, commercial hardware and software products are used to illustrate the material, as readers are provided real-world in-depth guidance on the design, construction and programming of small, embedded microcontroller-based systems. Suitable for stand-alone usage, the text does not require a prerequisite deep understanding of digital systems.Topics and features: uses an in-depth bottom-up approach to the topic of microcontroller design using the Microchip enhanced-range PIC18® microcontroller family as the exemplar; includes fully worked examples and self-assessment questions, with additional support material available on an associated website; provides a standalone module on foundation topics in digital, logic and computer architecture for microcontroller engineering; discusses the hardware aspects of interfacing and interrupt handling, with an emphasis on the integration of hardware and software; covers parallel and serial input/output, timing, analog, and EEPROM data-handling techniques; presents a practical build-and-program case study, as well as illustrating simple testingstrategies.This useful text/reference book will be of great value to industrial engineers, hobbyists and people in academia. Students of Electronic Engineering and Computer Science, at both undergraduate and postgraduate level, will also find this an ideal textbook, with many helpful learning tools.Dr. Sid Katzen is Associate to the School of Engineering, University of Ulster at Jordanstown, Northern Ireland.

Symmetry and Pattern in Projective Geometry is a self-contained study of projective geometry which compares and contrasts the analytic and axiomatic methods. The analytic approach is based on homogeneous coordinates, and brief introductions to Plucker coordinates and Grassmann coordinates are presented. This book looks carefully at linear, quadratic, cubic and quartic figures in two, three and higher dimensions. It deals at length with the extensions and consequences of basic theorems such as those of Pappus and Desargues. The emphasis throughout is on special configurations that have particularly interesting symmetry properties. The intricate and novel ideas of 'Donald' Coxeter, who is considered one of the great geometers of the twentieth century, are also discussed throughout the text. The book concludes with a useful analysis of finite geometries and a description of some of the remarkable configurations discovered by Coxeter. This book will be appreciated by mathematics students and those wishing to learn more about the subject of geometry. It makes accessible subjects and theorems which are often considered quite complicated and presents them in an easy-to-read and enjoyable manner.

This is a book about computer graphics. It is aimed primarily at anyone wishing to develop graphics applications for Windows 98 and attempts to provide a quick and clear introduction to the subject without encumbering the reader in a mass of extraneous details. The application of object oriented techniques to graphics programming is a principal theme throughout the text and most of the software is written in C++ so a familiarity with C/C++ will be helpful - for a fuller introduction to the C++ language than is possible here consult the book 'Programming in C++' (ISBN 0 85934 435 5). Beyond this only a general background in computing and/or mathematics is assumed and whenever new ideas are encountered they are fully explained with the aid of line-drawings and 10 also introduces the illustrative coding examples. For those brave enough chapter topic of 80 x86 assembly language programming - without dedicated graphics hardware this is still the best way to produce really snappy animation code.

Topology occupies a central position in the mathematics of today. One of the most useful ideas to be introduced in the past sixty years is the concept of fibre bundle, which provides an appropriate framework for studying differential geometry and much else. Fibre bundles are examples of the kind of structures studied in fibrewise topology. Just as homotopy theory arises from topology, so fibrewise homotopy the- ory arises from fibrewise topology. In this monograph we provide an overview of fibrewise homotopy theory as it stands at present. It is hoped that this may stimulate further research. The literature on the subject is already quite extensive but clearly there is a great deal more to be done. Efforts have been made to develop general theories of which ordinary homotopy theory, equivariant homotopy theory, fibrewise homotopy theory and so forth will be special cases. For example, Baues [7] and, more recently, Dwyer and Spalinski [53], have presented such general theories, derived from an earlier theory of Quillen, but none of these seem to provide quite the right framework for our purposes. We have preferred, in this monograph, to develop fibre wise homotopy theory more or less ab initio, assuming only a basic knowledge of ordinary homotopy theory, at least in the early sections, but our aim has been to keep the exposition reasonably self-contained.

Infinite dimensional holomorphy is the study of holomorphic or analytic func- tions over complex topological vector spaces. The terms in this description are easily stated and explained and allow the subject to project itself ini- tially, and innocently, as a compact theory with well defined boundaries. However, a comprehensive study would include delving into, and interacting with, not only the obvious topics of topology, several complex variables theory and functional analysis but also, differential geometry, Jordan algebras, Lie groups, operator theory, logic, differential equations and fixed point theory. This diversity leads to a dynamic synthesis of ideas and to an appreciation of a remarkable feature of mathematics - its unity. Unity requires synthesis while synthesis leads to unity. It is necessary to stand back every so often, to take an overall look at one's subject and ask "e;How has it developed over the last ten, twenty, fifty years? Where is it going? What am I doing?"e; I was asking these questions during the spring of 1993 as I prepared a short course to be given at Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro during the following July. The abundance of suit- able material made the selection of topics difficult. For some time I hesitated between two very different aspects of infinite dimensional holomorphy, the geometric-algebraic theory associated with bounded symmetric domains and Jordan triple systems and the topological theory which forms the subject of the present book.

Recognition of the importance of power and energy in the field of high performance computing (HPC) has never been greater. Research has been conducted in a number of areas related to power and energy, but little existing research has focused on large-scale HPC. Part of the reason is the lack of measurement capability currently available on small or large platforms. Typically, research is conducted using coarse methods of measurement such as inserting a power meter between the power source and the platform, or fine grained measurements using custom instrumented boards (with obvious limitations in scale). To analyze real scientific computing applications at large scale, an in situ measurement capability is necessary that scales to the size of the platform.In response to this challenge, the unique power measurement capabilities of the Cray XT architecture were exploited to gain an understanding of power and energy use and the effects of tuning both CPU and network bandwidth. Modifications were made at the operating system level to deterministically halt cores when idle. Additionally, capabilities were added to alter operating P-state. At the application level, an understanding of the power requirements of a range of important DOE/NNSA production scientific computing applications running at large scale (thousands of nodes) is gained by simultaneously collecting current and voltage measurements on the hosting nodes. The effects of both CPU and network bandwidth tuning are examined and energy savings opportunities of up to 39% with little or no impact on run-time performance is demonstrated. Capturing scale effects was key. This research provides strong evidence that next generation large-scale platforms should not only approach CPU frequency scaling differently, as we will demonstrate, but could also benefit from the capability to tune other platform components, such as the network, to achieve more energy efficient performance.

Automorphic forms are an important complex analytic tool in number theory and modern arithmetic geometry. They played for example a vital role in Andrew Wiles's proof of Fermat's Last Theorem. This text provides a concise introduction to the world of automorphic forms using two approaches: the classic elementary theory and the modern point of view of adeles and representation theory. The reader will learn the important aims and results of the theory by focussing on its essential aspects and restricting it to the 'base field' of rational numbers. Students interested for example in arithmetic geometry or number theory will find that this book provides an optimal and easily accessible introduction into this topic.

The presence of non-linearities, such as stiction and deadband, places limits on the performance of control valves. Indeed, in the process industries, stiction is the most common valve problem, and over the last decade numerous different techniques for overcoming it have been proposed.Detection and Diagnosis of Stiction in Control Loops represents a comprehensive presentation of these methods, including their principles, assumptions, strengths and drawbacks. Guidelines and working procedures are provided for the implementation of each method and MATLABbased software can be downloaded from www.ualberta.ca/~bhuang/stiction-book enabling readers to apply the methods to their own data. Methods for the limitation of stiction effects are proposed within the general context of: oscillation detection in control loops, stiction detection diagnosis; , stiction quantification and diagnosis of multiple faults.The state-of-the-art algorithms presented in this book are demonstrated and compared in industrial case studies of diverse origin - chemicals, building, mining, pulp and paper, mineral and metal processing. Industry-based engineers will find the book to be valuable guidance in increasing the performance of their control loops while academic researchers and graduate students interested in control performance and fault detection will discover a wealth of static-friction-related research and useful algorithms.

This book comprehensively covers a range of pathological cases in clinical cardiology. Chapters are case focused and detail how a patient is diagnosed and treated in a step-by-step format. A range of engaging video clips enhances the reader¿s appreciation and understanding of how to apply these techniques into their day-to-day clinical practice with special focus on congenital heart disease diagnosis and management.Case-Based Clinical Cardiology presents a range of clinical scenarios across all cardiology disciplines with a particular focus on echocardiography, electrocardiography and cardiac catheterization. Therefore, it is an ideal resource for both the novice and experienced cardiology practitioner seeking an up-to-date selection of cases to test their knowledge.

In Vivo Confocal Microscopy in Eye Disease is a comprehensive new text that covers the latest advances in the field of in vivo confocal imaging. It presents a detailed overview of the basic anatomy of the different part of the cornea, conjunctiva and adnexal structures. It discusses the use of in vivo confocal microscopy in a range of clinical applications including the diagnosis of infective keratitis, corneal dystrophies, cornea nerves, conjunctival diseases and their differentiating features. Numerous confocal images, clinical pictures, other paraclinical images and histopathology slides of different ocular pathologies are examined and presented throughout the text.This book systematically reviews the use of confocal imaging in basic science of ocular tissues to the diagnosis of eye disease assembled in a single volume. It provides an up to date resource with an in depth review of scientific literature relating to both the clinical and research application of in vivo confocal microscopy in eye disease. The book ends with a discussion on non-ocular application of in vivo confocal microscopy and future developments including other emerging imaging technologies. This text will provide an invaluable resource for those who are interested in ocular imaging and it represents a timely resource for all practicing and trainee ophthalmologists

For experiments, dimensional analysis enables the design, checks the validity, orders the procedure and synthesises the data. Additionally it can provide relationships between variables where standard analysis is not available.This widely valuable analysis for engineers and scientists is here presented to the student, the teacher and the researcher. It is the first complete modern text that covers developments over the last three decades while closing all outstanding logical gaps. Dimensional Analysis also lists the logical stages of the analysis, so showing clearly the care to be taken in its use while revealing the very few limitations of application. As the conclusion of that logic, it gives the author's original proof of the fundamental and only theorem.Unlike past texts, Dimensional Analysis includes examples for which the answer does not already exist from standard analysis. It also corrects the many errors present in the existing literature by including accurate solutions.Dimensional Analysis is written for all branches of engineering and science as a teaching book covering both undergraduate and postgraduate courses, as a guide for the lecturer and as a reference volume for the researcher.