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In den vergangenen 20 Jahren mit den intensiven chinesischen Aktivitäten auf dem afrikanischen Kontinent sind die Beziehungen zwischen China und Afrika zu einem wichtigen Forschungsgegenstand in der internationalen Politikwissenschaft geworden. Der Großteil dieser Abhandlungen analysiert das Thema aus der Perspektive Chinas, dagegen sind kaum systematische Untersuchungen aus dem Blickwinkel der Afrikaner zu finden. In diesem Buch werden die Wahrnehmungen der südafrikanischen Eliten in Bezug auf China in den Jahren von 2006 bis 2016 systematisch untersucht. Die Wahrnehmungen konzentrierten sich dabei auf Chinas Auswirkungen auf Südafrika bezogen auf vier Aspekte: Chinas wirtschaftliche Aktivitäten, die chinesische globale politische Strategie, das chinesische Entwicklungsmodell sowie Chinas Soft Power. Es kommen die Konstruktivismus-Theorie von Alexander Wendt als Forschungstheorie und die Diskursanalyse von Jürgen Habermas als Forschungsmethode zur Anwendung. Durch die Analyse kann geschlussfolgert werden, dass die südafrikanischen Eliten in Bezug auf die Wirtschaft hauptsächlich Wahrnehmungen der Kategorie Freund äußern und bezüglich der Politik, Kultur und Medien finden sich in der Regel Wahrnehmungen der Kategorie Konkurrent. Im Allgemeinen lassen sich die Wahrnehmungen gegenüber China als positiv identifizieren, gehören also der Kategorie Freund an.

Feministische Aktivist*innen haben sich schon immer verschiedener Medien bedient, um zu kommunizieren, sich zu artikulieren und zu vernetzen. Durch die Digitalisierung und die damit verbundenen Möglichkeiten erweitern sich feministische Aktionsräume und verlagern sich zunehmend ins Social Web. So lässt sich feststellen, dass Plattformen wie twitter, instagram oder auch facebook vielfach genutzt werden, um feministische Anliegen in die Öffentlichkeit zu tragen. Der gegenwärtige mediale Diskurs um feministische Ideen und Forderungen wird dabei maßgeblich durch antifeministische Akteur*innen beeinflusst, deren Anliegen es ist, feministische Stimmen aus dem medialen Raum zu verbannen. Die vorliegende Arbeit greift diese Thematik auf und geht der Frage nach, wie feministische Aktivist*innen antifeministische, digitale Gewalt wahrnehmen und damit umgehen. Die Ergebnisse verweisen darauf, dass insbesondere Aspekte der Sexuellen Identität und der Mehrfachdiskriminierung entscheidend sind für das Ausmaß der digitalen Gewalt, die erfahren wird. Weiterhin wird deutlich, welche Rolle Solidarität, Vernetzung und Empowerment im Kampf gegen den Antifeminismus spielen.

Das vorliegende Buch befasst sich mit Umgangspraktiken mit Fremdheit aus der Perspektive von nach Deutschland zugewanderten Menschen aus zwei unterschiedlichen Migrationsphasen: Zugewanderte der 1990er Jahre und als Geflüchtete seit 2015 nach Deutschland zugewanderte Menschen. Latente Spannungen, Ängste, Konflikte, Ausgrenzungs- und Stigmatisierungsprozesse zwischen den früh und neu Zugewanderten deuten auf eine Etablierten-Außenseiter-Figuration zwischen den beiden genannten Zuwanderungsgruppen hin. Es wird gezeigt, dass die Beziehung zwischen den "etablierten Migrant*innen" und den als Außenseiter stehenden Geflüchteten zum einen auf Prozesse deutet, dass und wie früh Zugewanderte zu "Einheimischen" wurden und somit eine Phase des Fremdseins offenbar überwunden haben. Zum anderen deuten aktuell wahrnehmbare Vorurteile, Zuschreibungen und Rassismen von Zugewanderten der 1990er Jahre darauf hin, dass die eigenen Fremdheitserfahrungen in der Zeit des Ankommens in Deutschland nahezu verdrängt oder verdeckt wurden.

This book is a comprehensive analysis of the various social science approaches to explaining and interpreting war, peace and the military. Its central aim is to trace and reconstruct those basic assumptions constructed and 'thought processes' undertaken by modern social sciences in their research and conceptualization of military violence and the use of force. In addition to such reconstruction, the aim is also to enquire into the preconditions of such thought. This study therefore eschews the development of an explicit 'strategy' (in the sense of a research strategy), but instead is much more concerned with thinking about its subject matter by means of re-thinking and reflecting upon different theoretical approaches and problems. The investigation includes a critical reexamination of the tradition of military-sociological research from the beginning of modern sociology to late-twentieth century theoretical approaches regarding the security-focused and/or war-driven aspects ofmodern society.

This volume conceives cooperation in broad terms as any form of mutual making, in which goals, means, and procedures are seen as ongoing accomplishments. From the exchanges of goods or information, to the interactions between bodies or organizations, and the coordination between colleagues, competitors, friends or foes. Mutually making the conditions of mutual making entails translating heterogeneous interests, negotiating conflicting values and articulating distributed activities. On the one hand, the contributions cover different notions and concepts of cooperation in diverse fields of study: from the mundane cooperation of everyday life to collective endeavors within specific domains. On the other hand, the contributions share a focus on the practices of making cooperation possible through cooperatively creating the conditions for cooperation itself. Seeing cooperative media both as a condition and consequence of cooperation, the volume sheds light on a general feature of media, technologies and instruments that both enable and constrain the collaboration between heterogeneous social worlds, with and without consensus. Chapter 7 "The Passport as a Medium of Movement" is available open access under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License via SpringerLink.

German Structural Pacifism examines the influence of Germany's lessons of the past on its security policy since reunification in an approach that is both novel and timely in the context of the Russia-Ukraine War. Germany's lessons of the past provide contradictory "right ways" for Germany to overcome its authoritarian past and serve to legitimate political interests in security policy decision-making. Reconciling competing political interests and contradictory narratives results in a security policy that prioritizes "the right way" to do security policy is over its effectiveness. It is the author's great merit to have defined the past 30 years of German security policy under the term Structural Pacifism. I find this conclusive. Sönke Neitzel, Chair of Military History at the University of Potsdam An accurate depiction of Germany's systemic neglect of its armed forces since reunification, demonstrating why it is no surprise that ourarmed forces are naked. A follow up including the Zeitenwende would be very interesting. Hans-Peter Barthels, President of the German Society for Security Policy The book succinctly and accurately addresses the lack of an honest debate on the use of military force in the domain of German security policy, and explores its negative impact on military decision-making from political strategy all the way down to the tactical level. Volker Wieker, Former Chief of Defense of the German Federal Armed Forces (2009-2018)

Some (web) television texts achieve immense commercial success. Certain commercially successful texts boast dedicated, creative, and exponentially growing fandoms. These fan communities engage in specific fan practices that are significantly influenced by the textualities of the texts and their contexts of production, distribution, and consumption. Increased fan engagement resulting in the acceleration of the text's popularity leads to the following inquiries: - How is the series influenced by the interactions among and the relationships between the producers, consumers, distributors, and content? - What are the sites of these interactions? - What are the social, cultural, economic, and political factors that impact the series? - How do the text's contexts of production, distribution, and consumption lead to the text's popularity in mainstream media? In pursuit of an answer to these questions, the analytical lens of the 'mediaverse' is developed. An inductive study, this book explores four television series' that fall within the scope of speculative fiction to characterise the mediaverse and highlight the interconnectedness among the networked nodes of new media. These wield a significant influence on the production and consumption of media and its presence in our everyday lives, thus outlining the mediaverse as a tool for the analysis of a media texts and practices that shape contemporary media culture.

'Endangered scholars' is a recently highly relevant, yet historical notion. Embedded in the greater history of the 20th and 21st centuries, it captures the phenomenon of scholars who, after years of intellectual work and integration in their societies of origin, are forced to seek rescue in foreign host societies. The pressing urgency of the topic thus has an important historical background. From escaping Russian intellectuals after 1917 to the protection of Jewish refugees during World War II, Algerian intellectuals in contemporary history, or persecuted academics from Turkey today: Over the course of about a century, categories of inclusion, transnational relations, and forms of agency of scholars at risk remained surprisingly stable (and hence diachronously and synchronously comparable) while they also adjusted flexibly to contemporary conditions. This collective volume carves out this historical development and its recent expressions. It brings together researchers in a vivid yet largely unconnected field of migration and refugee studies. By developing a complex image of the origin of the global history and politics of protecting endangered scholars from the early 20th century until today, the book contributes to research on academics in exile as a part of refugee research, migration studies, the history of higher education, and the contemporary history of societies. The interdisciplinary volume explores the phenomenon as a historical, political and legal subject, brings together scholars of forced migration and intellectual studies, and includes currently affected scholars into those reflections.

The anthology offers a distinctive perspective on a European Union-funded capacity-building initiative aimed at enhancing contemporary teaching competencies, with a specific emphasis on Sri Lanka and Cambodia. It discusses the augmentation of pedagogical skills and its consequential effects on both individual and societal levels. Furthermore, the anthology scrutinizes the collaborative efforts in international education, elucidating the strategies adopted to confront the challenges and leverage the opportunities encountered by higher education institutions.

In the pandemic, the state in Germany reacts in lockdown with restrictions within the private sphere of a shutdown of the leisure and cultural sphere, while the work contexts are only peripherally affected. Out of this crisis, new techniques of leadership are intensifying. Discipline and norms are no longer suitable enough to ensure productivity in today's world, which is why there is a shift towards self-directed processes and mechanisms such as flexibility, motivation and goal setting. The actors are therefore no longer assigned a fixed place in the sense of discipline, but are encouraged to surrender to the new control mechanisms and to adapt themselves again and again with a high degree of self-control. The realistic fear of contagion reinforces the actors' willingness to submit to these forms of mobilization.

This open access publication presents a global panorama of institutional strategies, academic programs, scholarly insights as well as teaching and learning practices taking stock of the Future Skills Turn taking place in higher education. Future Skills have evolved to be one of the most important priorities for the development of higher education institutions globally. Students and graduates learn how to acquire Future Skills for their lives and careers and for shaping societies towards more sustainable futures. Institutions, teachers and policy makers gain insights into strategies to shape the Future Skills Turn in higher education and create the University of the Future.

The author of this volume examines the historical development and popularization of the ideological concept of the Volksgemeinschaft. This is a process of scientification, which the author describes using the examples of sociology, history, economics, demography, psychology, and geography. Its result is an ideologically based construct of knowledge determined by völkisch questions: the Volksgemeinschaft. The ContentIdeology and scienceUpdating/modernization of the völkisch ideologyHans Freyer's sociology of the völkisch society"German folk and cultural soil" - cultural space researchVölkische race research - dismissible or undeniable (people and/or race)Völkische sciencesVolk/Volksgemeinschaft - political catchword for an ideologically based knowledge constructThe Target groupsLecturers, students and practitioners from the fields ofSociologyPolitical scienceHistoryCultural studiesPsychology, human medicine, population scienceCultural studiesLawEconomicsJournalismThe AuthorDr. Dieter Gessner is a journalist and historian.

Is a new spirit of capitalism emerging as a result of neoliberal adjustments in the global economy? The internationalization of management and its comprehensive neoliberals imprint fall short of the assumptions represented by globalization theory. Empirical data on the life trajectories and action orientations of CEOs from leading industrial companies in nine countries across Europe, Asia, and Latin America indicate that local institutional frameworks, diverse regional challenges, and historically embedded cultural influences exert more significant influence than global trends. Different strategies and structures have been identified based on problem-centered interviews with top executives, and they are made accessible for the first time in English for comparative purposes.

Die CONTOC-Studie hat in ökumenischer und internationaler Ausrichtung die digitale kirchliche Praxis unter den Bedingungen der Corona-Pandemie im Frühsommer 2020 erforscht. Dieser Band dokumentiert die Rahmenbedingungen und Umfrageergebnisse in den beteiligten Ländern. Daran schließen sich Perspektiven zu den zukünftigen Herausforderungen für die digitale Angebotspraxis und das Selbstverständnis der kirchlichen Akteur*innen an. Churches Online in Times of Corona. The CONTOC study: Empirical insights, interpretations and perspectives The CONTOC study has explored digital church practice under the conditions of the COVID-19 pandemic in the early summer of 2020 in an ecumenical and international way. This volume documents the framework conditions and survey results in the participating countries. This is followed by perspectives on the future challenges for the digital practice and the selfunderstanding of church actors.

Als einer der frühen Abenteurer und Afrika-Pioniere des vergangenen Jahrhunderts schildert Hermann Goetz sein ereignisreiches Leben in sieben wechselvollen Jahrzehnten abessinisch-äthiopischer Geschichte. Bald nach seiner Ankunft im Jahr 1902 gewinnt er das Vertrauen des weltoffenen Modernisierers Kaiser Menelik II. und erhält von ihm Land sowie die Erlaubnis, eine Straußenfarm zu gründen. So gelingt es ihm, sich eine Existenz als "Burgherr", Straußenzüchter und Jäger, als Impfdoktor und später als Rinderzüchter und Butterproduzent aufzubauen. Die von ihm aus dem Nichts geschaffene Farm Adami Tullu entwickelt sich zu einem Anziehungspunkt für Einheimische ebenso wie für Auswanderer und Weltenbummler aus allen erdenklichen Ländern. Lebendig und anschaulich schildert Hermann Goetz seine zahlreichen Unternehmungen, abenteuerliche Reisen durch noch nicht erschlossene Regionen und den erbitterten Kampf um seine Farm. Das Buch besticht durch aufmerksame ethnographische Beobachtungen über seine Oromo-Nachbarn in Südäthiopien und das amharische Kaiserhaus von Menelik II. bis zu Haile Selassie I. Die sorgsame Edition ist angereichert mit authentischen Fotographien und umfassenden Erläuterungen, die heutigen Lesenden das historische Abessinien nahebringen.

The volume investigates the socio-material dimension and media practices of cooperation - before, during and beyond situations. Cooperation is understood as reciprocal interplay operating with or without consensus, in co-presence or absence of the involved actors in distributed situations. Artefacts, bodies, texts and infrastructures are the media that make cooperation possible. They enable and configure reciprocal accomplishments - and are themselves created through media practices in cooperative situations.

The book presents the results of the first comprehensive empirical study on the control of minimum wages in Germany. It offers an overview of the challenges and problems of enforcement and compliance with minimum wages, taking three sectors as examples (construction, meat industry, hospitality). On the basis of numerous interviews with experts from the field (e.g. trade unions, employers' associations, customs) and a comprehensive evaluation of the broad international research literature, it identifies starting points and strategies for sustainably improving compliance with and enforcement of minimum wages.

In dieser Studie untersucht Christina Winter die sprachpädagogische Arbeit sowie den Umgang mit Mehrsprachigkeit im Alltag in vier elementarpädagogischen Einrichtungen. In der Schnittmenge von Ethnografie und Grounded Theory verortet entwickelt sie eine gegenstandsverankerte Theorie zu inkludierenden und exkludierenden Praktiken im Umgang mit Mehrsprachigkeit im Elementarbereich. Anhand von teilnehmender Beobachtung in den Einrichtungen und leitfadengestützten Interviews mit pädagogischen Fachkräften werden drei Antinomien als Kernbefunde herausgearbeitet: Erstens zeigt sich eine Uneinheitlichkeit und Unsicherheit bei den pädagogischen Fachkräften, die zu überwiegend ungeplanten und unstrukturierten Vorgehensweisen in der Gestaltung von Sprachbildungsprozessen führen. Zweitens zeichnet sich in allen Einrichtungen eine überwiegend einsprachige Bildungspraxis trotz lebensweltlicher Mehrsprachigkeit ab. Drittens lässt sich im Rahmen vereinzelter mehrsprachigkeitsoffener Situationen ein Spannungsverhältnis zwischen sprachlicher Ermächtigung und einer exkludierenden Besonderung mehrsprachiger Kinder rekonstruieren.

In einer sich rasch wandelnden Welt steht auch der Soldatenberuf vor neuen und wachsenden Herausforderungen. Der erste Band dieses Handbuchs bietet Grundlagen für eine umfassende und wissenschaftlich fundierte, dennoch praxisorientierte Reflexion des soldatischen Handelns und des militärischen Auftrags. Im Fokus des zweiten Bandes steht die ethisch relevante Praxis: in sicherheitspolitischen Entscheidungen, im militärischen Alltag, insbesondere aber auch im Kampfeinsatz. Woraus beziehen Soldaten in der konkreten Situation ihre Handlungsmotivation? Über welche Kompetenzen müssen Soldaten im 21. Jahrhundert verfügen und wie steht es um die Verantwortung der Politik für die Einsatzarmee? Die Autoren dieses Bandes gewähren authentische und praxisorientierte Einblicke in die Mehrdimensionalität des Soldatenberufs und seiner ethischen Implikationen.

Ethiopia, though remaining one of the least urbanised countries in the world, has taken impressive actions to transform the state into a more industrialized nation.Several industrial parks have been built in recent years throughout the whole country. The textile sector is one of these sectors. The textile industry is expected to provide employment for hundreds of thousands and thus improve people's living conditions and contribute to the development of the country. Major reason for asian investors to shift their focus to Ethiopia are extremely low wages and the lower production costs involved. The Ethiopian textile industry has to deal with high rates of labor turnover and absenteeism. From the perspective of the mostly international managers the reason for turnover and absenteeism is often attributed to the 'mindset' of the predominantly female workforce. A research project financed by the German Bundesministerium für wirtschaftliche Zusammenarbeit und Entwicklung is looking at reasons and possible measures to solve this problem. Results of this project (conducted at the University of Giessen by Michaela Fink and Reimer Gronemeyer together with Ethiopian colleagues are presented in this book. Experts from Ethiopia and Germany are presenting the history of the textile industry in Ethiopia and the coming development. All this is framed by the discussion of present crisis - Covid-19; the war - in Ethiopia).

This volume offers a cross-section of a good fifteen years of research in the sociology of technology and innovation at the Department of Sociology of Technology headed by Werner Rammert at the TU Berlin. All contributions in this volume were initiated or discussed there and thus bear in a certain sense a "Berlin signature" - not in the sense of a clearly delimited scientific school, but rather in the form of an open discussion group with different, but mutually relatedfocal points. The Berlin Key, which gives it its title, imposes on all its users the program of action objectified in its mechanism: "User, if you want to take the key back to yourself after unlocking the door and go your way, you must lock the door again first. Unlike that Berlin key, the "Berlin Keys to the Sociology of Technology" presented here offer a set of keys to different but interconnected conceptual and methodological approaches in social science research on technology and innovation.

Can machines simulate, express or even have emotions? Is it a good to build such machines? How do humans react emotionally to them and how should such devices be treated from a moral point of view? This volume addresses these and related questions by bringing together perspectives from affective computing and emotional human-machine interaction, combining technological approaches with those from the humanities and social sciences. It thus relates disciplines such as philosophy, computer science, technology, psychology, sociology, design, and art. The volume offers readers interested in the phenomenon of emotional machines new perspectives from a variety of disciplines and addresses fundamental questions that will become pressing in the foreseeable future as emotional machines increasingly populate our everyday lives.

Die Covid-19-Pandemie hat in den einzelnen Regionen der Welt eine ganz unterschiedliche Dynamik entfaltet, z. B. bei Inzidenzwerten, Sterberaten sowie den Bekämpfungsmaßnahmen. Dieser Band entwickelt ein umfassendes und systematisches Verständnis dieser Unterschiede, indem er nicht nur global vergleichend, sondern interdisziplinär die gesundheitswissenschaftlichen, gesellschaftspolitischen und philosophischen Grundlagen für die breite Variation von Ursachen und Wirkungen der Pandemie in den Blick nimmt. Dieses Buch kann als Blaupause bzw. Übung für den Klimawandel gelesen werden.

The human heart is, in many ways, an indecipherable enigma. The opposition of reason and passion has long prevented us from recognizing emotions and feelings as legitimate sources of knowledge. This book takes a deep dive into the rich phenomenology of affect, with a view to uncovering its essence and variety of forms: the experience of being "invaded" by an emotion is different to that of being "immersed" in a mood, just as being "guided" by a feeling does not mean being "swept away" by a passionate impulse. Hence the need for a systematic phenomenology of emotionality that can help us to appreciate such distinctions. The philosophical and pedagogical trajectory outlined in these pages provides education and healthcare practitioners - and indeed all those willing to improve their self-knowledge - with the key to a deeper understanding of the emotional life and its meaning for our existence.

Judgment and critical faculties are central concerns of many Western educational programs. However, the promotion of critical thinking requires specifically developed and didactically coherent concepts. This book therefore attempts to provide a philosophically and empirically sound as well as application-oriented introduction to the concept and didactics of critical thinking. Especially the higher education space is defined by critically questioning knowledge and practice and thereby producing new insights. Against the background of this task horizon, the theoretical foundations of critical thinking as well as didactic practice strategies for its promotion are conveyed in a low-threshold manner within the framework of the introductory volume, which can be adapted across subjects.

This book offers a comprehensive exposition of the mathematical methods that can be used to model landscape dynamics. It is systematically shown how mathematical models of progressively higher complexity can be derived from ordinary landscape maps and related data in ways that enable researchers to predict future landscape transformations and to assess landscape stability, sustainability and resilience.These models are deterministic (i.e. linear or non-linear systems of differential equations), stochastic (i.e. Markovian), or combined deterministic-and-stochastic (using stochastic differential equations), whereas topics and challenging problems related to complexity (spatial randomness, chaotic behaviors, riddled systems etc) are also examined in the book.

Assessment is a fundamental factor in monitoring the learning process of students and therefore an essential component of effective teaching and learning in the online environment. In the course of the (corona-induced) wave of digitization, the new and different forms of assessment present us with new challenges. The book focuses on these new forms of digital assessments and highlights challenges, effective practices and opportunities associated with conducting assessments in digital and hybrid learning environments.

This open access book examines how and why various forms of climate (im)mobilities can impact people's objective and subjective well-being. Worsening climate impacts are forcing subsistence farmers worldwide to decide between staying or leaving their homes. This mixed methods study analyzes cases of climate-related migration, displacement, relocation, and immobility in Peru's coastal, highland, and rainforest regions. The results reveal that numerous farmers experienced profound and often negative well-being impacts, regardless of whether they stayed or migrated. The higher the structural constraints, such as weak governance, and the more damaging the climate impacts were, the higher the risk of well-being declines. Additionally, the affected individuals often had limited agency and ability to mitigate losses. These findings challenge the notion of "migration as adaptation" and emphasize the importance of safeguarding the human rights and security of those affected while addressing loss and damage. Without significant investments in such efforts, climate impacts could sharply diminish the well-being of numerous subsistence farmers worldwide--irrespective of whether they stay or migrate.