Informationsteori

This book focuses on the integration of IoT and computer aided systems for the development of smart buildings. The scope of the book includes, but is not restricted to, advanced technologies for monitoring, energy management, smart gardening, protection, safety, assisted living, and intelligent operations. The authors cover the wide aspects of interconnected smart services with convenient interfacing to the end-users. The features of this book include discussion on various aspects of IoT and computer aided systems for smart architecture designs and innovative object interconnections. The book also provides highlights on the applications of IoT in the development of intelligent structures for technology-enabled lifestyles. Furthermore, it provides prominent scopes for future inventions in the field of electrical engineering, building system management, and computer-aided advancements. The content of this book is useful to graduate and post-graduate students, researchers, and professionals working on the concept of smart building, smart city, and smart environments.

This book is dedicated to the issues of security, trust and privacy models, and architectures in IoT environments. The authors aim to capture the latest research and contributions from academy, industry, and other stakeholders on new security models, architectures, protocols, and standards for ensuring security, privacy, and trustworthiness to IoT systems. The authors discuss the convergence of IoT, software agents, and edge computing to introduce social features into IoT systems, combining trustworthiness and reputation information collected by agents at the edge with security and privacy mechanisms. They also cover experimental and simulated campaigns that evaluate strategies to improve the security and privacy of the IoT world, and at the same time the ability to prevent and deter deceptive behaviors. The book is relevant for researchers, professionals, academics, and students.

This book explores Complex System Governance (CSG)-an emerging field concerned with the design, execution, and evolution of essential functions necessary to ensure continued viability of a system. The book focuses on three primary development areas to better understand and utilize current developments CSG. First, the conceptual foundations for CSG are developed, from systems theory, management cybernetics, and governance. Second, a set of critical CSG topics are examined from conceptual as well as practice perspectives. Third, several development and application issues are discussed. Ultimately, CSG is positioned as an emerging field with strong theoretical grounding and significant implications for improving practices and performance to better address complex systems and their problems.  

This is a book on nonlinear dynamical systems and their bifurcations under parameter variation. It provides a reader with a solid basis in dynamical systems theory, as well as explicit procedures for application of general mathematical results to particular problems. Special attention is given to efficient numerical implementations of the developed techniques. Several examples from recent research papers are used as illustrations. The book is designed for advanced undergraduate or graduate students in applied mathematics, as well as for Ph.D. students and researchers in physics, biology, engineering, and economics who use dynamical systems as model tools in their studies. A moderate mathematical background is assumed, and, whenever possible, only elementary mathematical tools are used. This new edition preserves the structure of the previous editions, while updating the context to incorporate recent theoretical and software developments and modern techniques for bifurcation analysis. From reviews of earlier editions: "I know of no other book that so clearly explains the basic phenomena of bifurcation theory." - Math Reviews "The book is a fine addition to the dynamical systems literature. It is good to see, in our modern rush to quick publication, that we, as a mathematical community, still have time to bring together, and in such a readable and considered form, the important results on our subject." - Bulletin of the AMS "It is both a toolkit and a primer" - UK Nonlinear News

This book constitutes the joint refereed proceedings of the 22nd International Conference on Internet of Things, Smart Spaces, and Next Generation Networks and Systems, NEW2AN 2022, held in Tashkent, Uzbekistan, in December 2022.The 58 regular papers presented in this volume were carefully reviewed and selected from 282 submissions. The papers of NEW2AN address various aspects of next-generation data networks, while special attention is given to advanced wireless networking and applications. In particular, the authors have demonstrated novel and innovative approaches to performance and efficiency analysis of 5G and beyond systems, employed game-theoretical formulations, advanced queuing theory, and machine learning. It is also worth mentioning the rich coverage of the Internet of Things, optics, signal processing, as well as digital economy and business aspects.

This first book focuses on uncertain graph and network optimization. It covers three different main contents: uncertain graph, uncertain programming and uncertain network optimization. It also presents applications of uncertain network optimization in a lot of real problems such as transportation problems, dispatching medical supplies problems and location problems.The book is suitable for researchers, engineers, teachers and students in the field of mathematics, information science, computer science, decision science, management science and engineering, artificial intelligence, industrial engineering, economics and operations research.

This book presents an overview of the science of superconducting materials.  It covers the fundamentals and theories of superconductivity. Subjects of special interest involving mechanisms of high temperature superconductors, tunneling, transport properties, magnetic properties, critical states, vortex dynamics, etc. are present in the book. It assists as a fundamental resource on the developed methodologies and techniques involved in the synthesis, processing, and characterization of superconducting materials. The book covers numerous classes of superconducting materials including fullerenes, borides, pnictides or iron-based chalcogen superconductors ides, alloys and cuprate oxides. Their crystal structures and properties are described. Thereafter, the book focuses on the progress of the applications of superconducting materials into superconducting magnets, fusion reactors, and accelerators and other superconducting magnets. The applications also cover recent progress in superconducting wires, power generators, powerful energy storage devices, sensitive magnetometers, RF and microwave filters, fast fault current limiters, fast digital circuits, transport vehicles, and medical applications.

This book is in honor of Yasuhiko Takahara, a first-class researcher who has been active for some 50 years at the global level in systems research. Researchers and practitioners from Japan and other countries who have been influenced by Takahara have come together from far and wide to contribute their major research masterpieces in the field of systems research in the broadest sense.While the roots of Takahara's systems research are in general systems theory and systems control theory, he developed his research and teaching in diverse directions such as management information science, engineering, social simulation, and systems thinking. As a result, many of the researchers and practitioners he supervised or influenced have established their own positions and are now active around the world in a wide range of systems research.Volume I is a collection of their masterpieces or representative works in the field of systems theory and modeling.

The purpose of this book is to present some uses of the Kalman filter (KF) in engineering activities that can produce a robust and technically acceptable result while keeping as close as possible to the optimal (most accurate) solution. KF sub-optimization is often required, due to the realities of implementation and real-life operational conditions. The book brings together the experiences of specialists from different engineering areas using the KF in their practice.

The introduction of Quantum Theory (QT) provides a unified mathematical framework for Information Retrieval (IR). Compared with the classical IR framework, the quantum-inspired IR framework is based on user-centered modeling methods to model non-classical cognitive phenomena in human relevance judgment in the IR process. With the increase of data and computing resources, neural IR methods have been applied to the text matching and understanding task of IR. Neural networks have a strong learning ability of effective representation and generalization of matching patterns from raw data. This monograph provides a systematic introduction to quantum-inspired neural IR, including quantum-inspired neural language representation, matching and understanding. The cross-field research on QT, neural network and IR is not only helpful to non-classical phenomena modeling in IR but also to break the theoretical bottleneck of neural networks and design more transparent neural IR models. The authors first introduce the language representation method based on QT. Secondly, they introduce the quantum-inspired text matching and decision making model under neural network that shows its theoretical advantages in document ranking, relevance matching, multimodal IR, and can be integrated with neural network to jointly promote the development of IR. Finally, the latest progress of quantum language understanding is introduced and further topics on QT and language modeling provide readers with more materials for thinking.

Das Lehrbuch führt systematisch und grundlegend in die Wirtschaftsinformatik ein und behandelt die grundlegenden Phänomene der Wirklichkeit, ohne deren Vorhandensein und große praktische Bedeutung die Wirtschaftsinformatik als Wissenschaft und als wissenschaftliches Studium nicht existieren würde. Es beschreibt den Gegenstandsbereich, den Wissenschaftscharakter und die Wissenschaftsaufgaben sowie die Methoden, die zur Erklärung und Gestaltung verfolgt und verwendet werden. Es zeigt sowohl Zweck und Ziele der Wirtschaftsinformatik als auch grundlegende Phänomene wie Information und Kommunikation, Typen von Informationssystemen, Informationsinfrastruktur sowie Digitalisierung und digitale Transformation. Zudem wird die Rolle des Menschen als zentrales Element von Informationssystemen dargestellt. Das Buch richtet sich an Studierende und Lehrende in grundständigen Bachelor- und Masterprogrammen. Auch Schüler und Praktiker können anhand der Lektüre neue Erkenntnisse gewinnen.

This book is devoted to the study of the turnpike phenomenon arising in optimal control theory. Special focus is placed on Turnpike results, in sufficient and necessary conditions for the turnpike phenomenon and in its stability under small perturbations of objective functions. The most important feature of this book is that it develops a large, general class of optimal control problems in metric space. Additional value is in the provision of solutions to a number of difficult and interesting problems in optimal control theory in metric spaces. Mathematicians working in optimal control, optimization, and experts in applications of optimal control to economics and engineering, will find this book particularly useful.All main results obtained in the book are new. The monograph contains nine chapters. Chapter 1 is an introduction. Chapter 2 discusses Banach space valued functions, set-valued mappings in infinite dimensional spaces, and related continuous-time dynamical systems. Some convergence results are obtained. In Chapter 3, a discrete-time dynamical system with a Lyapunov function in a metric space induced by a set-valued mapping, is studied. Chapter 4 is devoted to the study of a class of continuous-time dynamical systems, an analog of the class of discrete-time dynamical systems considered in Chapter 3. Chapter 5 develops a turnpike theory for a class of general dynamical systems in a metric space with a Lyapunov function. Chapter 6 contains a study of the turnpike phenomenon for discrete-time nonautonomous problems on subintervals of half-axis in metric spaces, which are not necessarily compact. Chapter 7 contains preliminaries which are needed in order to study turnpike properties of infinite-dimensional optimal control problems. In Chapter 8, sufficient and necessary conditions for the turnpike phenomenon for continuous-time optimal control problems on subintervals of the half-axis in metric spaces, is established. In Chapter 9, the examination continues of the turnpike phenomenon for the continuous-time optimal control problems on subintervals of half-axis in metric spaces discussed in Chapter 8.

This book analyzes the generation of the arrow-categories of a given category, which is a foundational and distinguishable Category Theory phenomena, in analogy to the foundational role of sets in the traditional set-based Mathematics, for defi nition of natural numbers as well. This inductive transformation of a category into the infinite hierarchy of the arrowcategories is extended to the functors and natural transformations. The author considers invariant categorial properties (the symmetries) under such inductive transformations. The book focuses in particular on Global symmetry (invariance of adjunctions) and Internal symmetries between arrows and objects in a category (in analogy to Field Theories like Quantum Mechanics and General Relativity). The second part of the book is dedicated to more advanced applications of Internal symmetry to Computer Science: for Intuitionistic Logic, Untyped Lambda Calculus with Fixpoint Operators, Labeled Transition Systems in Process Algebras and Modal logics as well as Data Integration Theory.

The book is very useful for researchers, graduate students and educators associated with or interested in recent advances in different aspects of modelling, computational methods and techniques necessary for solving problems arising in the real-world problems. The book includes carefully peer-reviewed research articles presented in the ¿5th International Conference on Mathematical Modelling, Applied Analysis and Computation¿, held at JECRC University, Jaipur, during 4¿6 August 2022 concentrating on current advances in mathematical modelling and computation via tools and techniques from mathematics and allied areas. It is focused on papers dealing with necessary theory and methods in a balanced manner and contributes towards solving problems arising in engineering, control systems, networking system, environment science, health science, physical and biological systems, social issues of current interest, etc.

This book presents the latest achievements in the field of theory and practice of information processing in the CNS SEMS. Recently, the task of integrating computer technologies, transmitting and storing information, monitoring and controlling objects of the physical world has become urgent. This capability is provided by Smart Electromechanical Systems (SEMS) used in Cyber-Physical Systems (CPhS). The main tasks in the field of theory and practice of SEMS are to ensure the efficiency, reliability and safety of functioning in real time. The task of obtaining reliable information about the selection environment, as well as object recognition and identification, is especially important when several SEMS interact in a group. Since in this case, it is necessary to ensure the safety and speed of the planned behavior of all members of the group.The purpose of the publication is to familiarize with the latest achievements of scientists of the Russian Academy of Sciences and leading universities of Russia in the field of theory and practice of information processing in the CNS of EMS, as well as to familiarize with the development of methods and algorithms for recognition, identification and modeling based on the principles of bionics, adaptivity, intelligence and parallelism in information processing and computing.Topics of primary interest include, but are not limited to the following:  Methods and systems of recognition and identification;Mathematical and computer modeling; Measurement systems to identify the simulation of the selection environment;Sensors and auxiliary SEMS systems.This book is intended for students, scientists and engineers specializing in smart electromechanical systems and robotics.

Das Lehrbuch gibt einen systematischen Einstieg in die Signaltheorie und behandelt sowohl die ublichen Werkzeuge zur Signal- und Systembeschreibung als auch die mathematischen Konzepte zum Umgang mit Funktionen. Die Methoden werden dabei anhand zahlreicher Anwendungsbeispiele aus den Bereichen der Informationsverarbeitung, Signalkompression, Spektralanalyse, Storgerauschreduktion und Parameterschatzung illustriert.

As a society, we¿re in a constant struggle to control uncertainty and predict the unknown. Quite often, we think of scientific fields and theories as being separate from each other. But a more careful investigation can uncover the common thread that ties many of those together. From ChatGPT, to Amazon¿s Alexa, to Apple¿s Siri, data science, and computer science have become part of our lives. In the meantime, the demand for data scientists has grown, as the field has been increasingly called the ¿sexiest profession.¿ This book attempts to specifically cover this gap in literature between data science, machine learning and artificial intelligence (AI). How was uncertainty approached historically, and how has it evolved since? What schools of thought exist in philosophy, mathematics, and engineering, and what role did they play in the development of data science? It uses the history of data science as a stepping stone to explain what the future might hold. Predicting the Unknown provides the framework that will help you understand where AI is headed, and how to best prepare for the world that¿s coming in the next few years, both as a society and within a business. It is not technical and avoids equations or technical explanations, yet is written for the intellectually curious reader, and the technical expert interested in the historical details that can help contextualize how we got here. What Yoüll LearnExplore the bigger picture of data science and see how to best anticipate future changes in that fieldUnderstand machine learning, AI, and data scienceExamine data science and AI through engaging historical and human-centric narratives Who is This Book ForBusiness leaders and technology enthusiasts who are trying to understand how to think about data science and AI

Softwareentwicklung erfordert ¿ ausgehend von informellen Problemstellungen ¿ Spezifikationen unter Festlegung der Daten- und Rechenstrukturen, Implementierungen und die Verifikation der Korrektheit. Zur Bewältigung dieser Aufgaben hat die Informatik eine Reihe grundlegender Ansätze und Methoden entwickelt, die in zwei Bänden in einem einheitlichen Rahmen zusammengefasst und an Beispielen erläutert werden. Der erste Band widmet sich der Spezifikationen von Daten- und Rechenstrukturen, der Spezifikation und Implementierung sowie dem Nachweis der Korrektheit funktionaler, prozeduraler und objektorientierter Programme. Der zweite Band dieses umfassenden und zugleich grundlagenorientierten Werkes behandelt softwareintensive Systeme und ihre Darstellung durch Zustandsmaschinen, nebenläufige Programme mit gemeinsamen Variablen, Datenflussprogramme, Schnittstellspezifikation, Zeitfluss, Architektur verteilter Systeme, Prozessmodellierung, Verfeinerung und spezifische Formalismen wie CSP, TLAund prädikative Spezifikation.Dies schließt unter anderem auch Themen wie Korrektheitsbeweise in Hinblick auf Sicherheit und Lebendigkeit sowie schrittweise Verfeinerung ein. Insbesondere werden im Buch die Grundlagen für eine wissenschaftlich abgesicherte Entwicklung von Programmen gelegt.

This textbook introduces the language and the techniques of the theory of dynamical systems of finite dimension for an audience of physicists, engineers, and mathematicians at the beginning of graduation. Author addresses geometric, measure, and computational aspects of the theory of dynamical systems. Some freedom is used in the more formal aspects, using only proofs when there is an algorithmic advantage or because a result is simple and powerful. The first part is an introductory course on dynamical systems theory. It can be taught at the master's level during one semester, not requiring specialized mathematical training. In the second part, the author describes some applications of the theory of dynamical systems. Topics often appear in modern dynamical systems and complexity theories, such as singular perturbation theory, delayed equations, cellular automata, fractal sets, maps of the complex plane, and stochastic iterations of function systems are briefly explored for advanced students. The author also explores applications in mechanics, electromagnetism, celestial mechanics, nonlinear control theory, and macroeconomy. A set of problems consolidating the knowledge of the different subjects, including more elaborated exercises, are provided for all chapters.

This highly interdisciplinary book, covering more than six fields, from philosophy and sciences all the way up to the humanities and with contributions from eminent authors, addresses the interplay between content and context, reductionism and holism and their meeting point: the notion of emergence. Much of today's science is reductionist (bottom-up); in other words, behaviour on one level is explained by reducing it to components on a lower level. Chemistry is reduced to atoms, ecosystems are explained in terms of DNA and proteins, etc. This approach fails quickly since we can't cannot extrapolate to the properties of atoms solely from Schrodinger's equation, nor figure out protein folding from an amino acid sequence or obtain the phenotype of an organism from its genotype. An alternative approach to this is holism (top-down). Consider an ecosystem or an organism as a whole: seek patterns on the same scale. Model a galaxy not as 400 billion-point masses (stars) but as an object in its own right with its own properties (spiral, elliptic). Or a hurricane as a structured form of moist air and water vapour. Reductionism is largely about content, whereas holistic models are more attuned to context. Reductionism (content) and holism (context) are not opposing philosophies - in fact, they work best in tandem. Join us on a journey to understand the multifaceted dialectic concerning this duo and how they shape the foundations of sciences and humanities, our thoughts and, the very nature of reality itself.