Kybernetik og systemteori

I denne bog tager Capra og Luisi et opgør med en af videnskabens grundantagelser – at verden er som én stor maskine, vi kan splitte i stumper og stykker. Siden den videnskabelige revolution, hvor denne mekanistiske verdens- og livsforståelse blev grundlagt, har vi forsømt at erkende livet på kloden som ét sammenvævet system. Med det systemiske syn på liv følger en dyb økologisk bevidsthed og en sans for den fundamentale gensidige afhængighed, der er mellem alle fænomener i verden. Det gamle adskillelsesparadigme er ved at falde fra hinanden, og det giver håb om en ny og bedre fremtid. Selvom bogen primært er skrevet til studerende, henvender den sig også til alle, der er interesseret i en forståelse af den nye systemiske livsopfattelse og dennes betydning for en bred række fagligheder – fra politik og filosofi til medicin, psykologi og biologi. FRITJOF CAPRA er stifter af Center for Ecoliteracy i Berkeley, Californien. Han er fysiker og systemteoretiker og har beskæftiget sig med en systematisk undersøgelse af videnskabens filosofiske og sociale implikationer i de sidste 35 år. PIER LUIGI LUISI er professor i biokemi ved universitetet i Rom. Han er kemiker og stod bag de interdisciplinære Cortona-uger, og han beskæftiger sig med eksperimentelle og filosofiske aspekter ved livets oprindelse.

Med denne indføring i den sociologiske systemteori gør Luhmann det muligt for hans egne studerende at arbejde selvstændigt med denne teori. Den er derfor en guldgrube af enkle ideer i omgangen med vanskelige spørgsmål og tilbyder et rigt udvalg af koncepter og teoremer. Dette tillader en opøvning af evnen til at iagttage, beskrive og tænke - både i forhold til iagttagelsen af politik og økonomi, religion og videnskab, kunst og opdragelse samt familie og organisation og i forhold til vurderingen af aktuelle spørgsmål inden for kognitionsforskningen, miljøproblemer og sociale bevægelser.Ingen anden af Luhmanns tekster er så let tilgængelig og forståelig som denne.

This book is to provide readers with up-to-date advances in applied and interdisciplinary engineering science and technologies related to nonlinear dynamics, vibration, control, robotics, and their engineering applications, developed in the most recent years. All the contributed chapters come from active scholars in the area, which cover advanced theory & methods, innovative technologies, benchmark experimental validations and engineering practices. Readers would benefit from this state-of-the-art collection of applied nonlinear dynamics, in-depth vibration engineering theory, cutting-edge control methods and technologies, and definitely find stimulating ideas for their on-going R&D work. This book is intended for graduate students, research staff and scholars in academics, and also provides useful hand-up guidance for professional and engineers in practical engineering missions.

This book provides a comprehensive analysis of fault tolerant control (FTC) for more-electric civil aircraft. FTC is a crucial approach to enhance the reliability and safety of aircraft in the event of actuator, sensor, or structural failures. Engineers and scientists from diverse disciplines, including aeronautics, electrical, mechanical, and control engineering, have been drawn to research on FTC. This book analyzes the impact of faults on performance degradation in dissimilar redundant actuation systems of civil aircraft and presents the FTC methods to ensure reliable actuation and efficient control. Additionally, this book addresses surface damage issues, such as the loss of elevator, horizontal stabilizer, and rudder, by providing representative FTC methods. The book¿s major highlight is its comprehensive and systematic approach to FTC design, making it an ideal resource for readers interested in learning about FTC design for civil aircraft. The book benefits researchers, engineers, and graduate students in the fields of FTC, adaptive control, flight control, etc.

A book for men and women from middle age to advanced years who have suddenly and unexpectedly become confronted with the huge effects that the male prostate can have on the body. It is a tale of what can happen to both men and women when the prostate transforms over time as the body changes, free of any of the minor or major taboos surrounding those involved.The book presents both a subjective and an objective account, from a female and a male perspective, of what the prostate is and of the physical, psychological and social effects that changes to the prostate can bring as one ages or reaches old age. The latest medical, psychotherapeutic and social measures available to help men with prostate issues and their partners are discussed. It also addresses the therapeutic taboos that have previously prevented us from attempting a systemic approach to the physical, psychological and social transformation that men and women undergo when they reach middle age and beyond.

In "Dawn of Distrust: Technological Threads Weaving a Trustless Society," embark on a riveting exploration into a future where trust is a relic of the past and transparency reigns supreme. Delve into the intricacies of a society transformed by technological innovation, where every aspect of life is governed by algorithms and data.Follow the journey of diverse characters as they navigate the promises and perils of a trustless world. From the unveiling of transparent systems to the unmasking of hidden secrets, each chapter unfolds with gripping suspense and thought-provoking revelations.Witness the ripple effect of technological glitches as they send shockwaves through society, exposing the fragility of human connections in the digital age. Experience the internal strife and power struggles that threaten to tear the trustless society apart, as characters grapple with the consequences of their actions in a world devoid of traditional values.But amidst the chaos and uncertainty, find hope in the resilience of the human spirit and the enduring quest for meaning and connection. "Dawn of Distrust" is a gripping tale of intrigue and suspense, offering a timely reflection on the complexities of technology and its impact on the fabric of society.Prepare to be captivated from beginning to end as you journey through the dawn of a new era, where trust is a luxury few can afford, and the threads of technology weave a tapestry of intrigue and deception.

This book provides a guide for those looking to understand the potential of blockchain technology and its impact on various industries. The book provides an in-depth exploration of blockchain technology, its use cases, and the opportunities and challenges it presents. From digital currencies and smart contracts to supply chain management and decentralized finance, the book covers all the key aspects of blockchain technology. The authors also go beyond the technical details, providing valuable insights and practical advice on how to navigate this new era of decentralization and trustless transactions. The book is an ideal read for researchers, entrepreneurs, investors, or anyone looking to stay ahead of the curve and stay informed about the future of blockchain technology.

This book presents Blockchain technology and its various applications in educational environments. The authors show how Blockchain has the potential to revolutionize the field of education by creating decentralized and secure platforms for connecting students and educators across borders. The book also discusses the challenges and limitations of implementing Blockchain in education, such as technical complexity, lack of standardization, and regulatory issues. The authors provide several examples and case studies that demonstrate how Blockchain technology can be used to improve various aspects of education. The authors also recognize that Blockchain technology evolves rapidly and address the potential impact of the technology on the field of education in the future. In addition to general educational applications, the authors also provide a global perspective, addressing the potential impact of technology on education in various countries and regions.

This book focuses on the main advancements made in the economics and social sciences field through the use of grey systems theory. As a result, it addresses both the state of the art and the applications of grey systems theory in economics and social sciences. The book is structured in eight main chapters, covering the following topics: the state of the art in the grey systems theory research in economics and social sciences, which includes a bibliometric analysis, a selection of the most well-cited papers in the field, and a selection of applications in which the grey systems theory is used in the areas of suppliers selection, risk assessment, public opinion assessment, linear programming, complex projects management, social media analysis, and natural language processing Each chapter gives an overview of a particular economic or social sciences topic, providing an explanation on the main terms and methods used for solving the problem, including the notations, terminology, and the needed steps to solve it. A practical application is presented in most of the chapters, while in the others, a series of case studies are presented from the literature and discussed in depth in terms of methods used and advantages brought by each of these methods. The last chapter discusses the hybridization cases in which the grey systems theory has been or can be successfully used along with other artificial intelligence methods and techniques for a more advanced analysis in the economics and social sciences field. The reasoning and the explanations used in the book are easy to understand for the interested persons who are not familiar to the field and want to learn more related on how the grey systems theory can be applied to economics and social sciences. As for the experts in this field, this book can be a good referral point for developing new areas of research by combining the advantages of the grey systems theory with other theories within the field.

This book investigates data security approaches in Heterogeneous Communications Networks (HCN). First, the book discusses the urgent need for a decentralized data management architecture in HCN. The book investigates preliminaries and related research to help readers obtain a comprehensive picture of the research topic. Second, the book presents three blockchain-based approaches for data management in HCN: data provenance, data query, and data marketing. Finally, based on the insights and experiences from the presented approaches, the book discusses future research directions.

AI Malicious Actors: The Dark Side of Artificial IntelligenceAre you concerned about the potential misuse of AI? Conversational Chat Informative BookBy Abebe-Bard AI Woldemariam This book, AI Malicious Actors: The Dark Side of Artificial Intelligence, dives deep into the growing threat posed by individuals and organizations using AI for harmful purposes. As AI technology continues to evolve, its potential for both good and evil expands. This conversational and informative book explores:The rise of AI malicious actors: Who are they, and what dangers do they pose?AI-powered cyberattacks: Learn about the latest threats and how they exploit vulnerabilities.Deepfakes and synthetic media: How are these technologies used to manipulate reality?Autonomous systems and AI: What are the potential risks associated with AI in self-driving cars and other automated technologies?Social engineering and fraud: How are AI tools used to deceive and steal?Underground marketplaces for AI malice: Where do malicious actors get their tools?Combating the threat: Explore strategies for regulation, ethical considerations, and best practices. Packed with case studies, essays, research, and real-world examples, this book provides a comprehensive and informative overview of AI malicious actors. You'll gain a deeper understanding of the dangers and learn how we can work together to ensure AI is used for good. Order your copy today and explore the dark side of AI. Bonus: Dedication to Merab Abebe, a testament to the belief in AI's positive potential. Disclaimer: Information may not always be accurate or reflect Google's views.

This book presents the reader with a streamlined exposition of the notions and results leading to the construction of normal forms and, ultimately, to the construction of smooth conjugacies for the perturbations of tempered exponential dichotomies. These are exponential dichotomies for which the exponential growth rates of the underlying linear dynamics never vanish. In other words, its Lyapunov exponents are all nonzero. The authors consider mostly difference equations, although they also briefly consider the case of differential equations. The content is self-contained and all proofs have been simplified or even rewritten on purpose for the book so that all is as streamlined as possible. Moreover, all chapters are supplemented by detailed notes discussing the origins of the notions and results as well as their proofs, together with the discussion of the proper context, also with references to precursor results and further developments. A useful chapter dependence chart is included in the Preface. The book is aimed at researchers and graduate students who wish to have a sufficiently broad view of the area, without the discussion of accessory material. It can also be used as a basis for graduate courses on spectra, normal forms, and smooth conjugacies.The main components of the exposition are tempered spectra, normal forms, and smooth conjugacies. The first two lie at the core of the theory and have an importance that undoubtedly surpasses the construction of conjugacies. Indeed, the theory is very rich and developed in various directions that are also of interest by themselves. This includes the study of dynamics with discrete and continuous time, of dynamics in finite and infinite-dimensional spaces, as well as of dynamics depending on a parameter. This led the authors to make an exposition not only of tempered spectra and subsequently of normal forms, but also briefly of some important developments in those other directions. Afterwards the discussion continues with the construction of stable and unstable invariant manifolds and, consequently, of smooth conjugacies, while using most of the former material.The notion of tempered spectrum is naturally adapted to the study of nonautonomous dynamics. The reason for this is that any autonomous linear dynamics with a tempered exponential dichotomy has automatically a uniform exponential dichotomy. Most notably, the spectra defined in terms of tempered exponential dichotomies and uniform exponential dichotomies are distinct in general. More precisely, the tempered spectrum may be smaller, which causes that it may lead to less resonances and thus to simpler normal forms. Another important aspect is the need for Lyapunov norms in the study of exponentially decaying perturbations and in the study of parameter-dependent dynamics. Other characteristics are the need for a spectral gap to obtain the regularity of the normal forms on a parameter and the need for a careful control of the small exponential terms in the construction of invariant manifolds and of smooth conjugacies.

This book focuses on stability analysis and control design approaches for multi-agent systems under network-induced constraints. A hybrid system approach is introduced to address the cooperative control problem of networked multi-agent systems, and several important topics such as asynchronous sampled data cooperative control, hybrid event-triggered cooperative control, and reset-based cooperative control are studied under the hybrid system framework. The special feature of this book is that a hybrid systems approach is proposed for the cooperative control of multi-agent systems, which is beneficial for relaxing the conservativeness of stability analysis and network parameter computation. Interested readers can learn a novel approach to cooperative control of multi-agent systems, and this book can benefit researchers, engineers, and graduate students in the fields of multi-robot cooperation, unmanned aerial vehicle formation, control engineering, etc.

This book focuses on the subject area of Network Systems and Control Theory, providing a comprehensive examination of the dynamic behavior of networked systems operating under communication constraints. It introduces innovative iterative learning control strategies that aim to ensure stability, consistency, and security of networked systems. The field of networked systems has garnered significant interest from scientists and engineers across various disciplines, including information, electrical, transportation, life, social, and management sciences. This book consistently addresses a wide range of issues related to networked systems, emphasizing the critical impact of communication constraints on stability and security. It highlights the effectiveness and importance of iterative learning methods in tackling these challenges.Suitable for both undergraduate and graduate students interested in networked systems and iterative learning control, this book alsoserves as a valuable resource for university faculty and engineers engaged in complex systems, control theory research, and real-world applications. Its broad appeal extends to professionals working in related fields, seeking a deeper understanding of networked systems and their control mechanisms.

This book provides readers with up-to-date advances in applied and interdisciplinary engineering science and technologies related to nonlinear dynamics, vibration, control, robotics, and their engineering applications, developed in the most recent years. All the contributed chapters come from active scholars in the area, which cover advanced theory and methods, innovative technologies, benchmark experimental validations and engineering practices. Readers would benefit from this state-of-the-art collection of applied nonlinear dynamics, in-depth vibration engineering theory, cutting-edge control methods and technologies and definitely find stimulating ideas for their on-going R&D work. This book is intended for graduate students, research staff, and scholars in academics and also provides useful hand-up guidance for professionals and engineers in practical engineering missions.

This book focuses in detail on data science and data analysis and emphasizes the importance of data engineering and data management in the design of big data applications. The author uses patterns discovered in a collection of big data applications to provide design principles for hypothesis generation, integrating big data processing and management, machine learning and data mining techniques.The book proposes and explains innovative principles for interpreting hypotheses by integrating micro-explanations (those based on the explanation of analytical models and individual decisions within them) with macro-explanations (those based on applied processes and model generation). Practical case studies are used to demonstrate how hypothesis-generation and -interpretation technologies work. These are based on ¿social infrastructure¿ applications like in-bound tourism, disaster management, lunar and planetary exploration, and treatment of infectious diseases.The novel methods and technologies proposed in Hypothesis Generation and Interpretation are supported by the incorporation of historical perspectives on science and an emphasis on the origin and development of the ideas behind their design principles and patterns. Academic investigators and practitioners working on the further development and application of hypothesis generation and interpretation in big data computing, with backgrounds in data science and engineering, or the study of problem solving and scientific methods or who employ those ideas in fields like machine learning will find this book of considerable interest.

Commissioned by the Society for Modeling and Simulation International (SCS), this needed, useful new ¿Body of Knowledge¿ (BoK) collects and organizes the common understanding of a wide collection of professionals and professional associations.Modeling and simulation (M&S) is a ubiquitous discipline that lays the computational foundation for real and virtual experimentation, clearly stating boundaries¿and interactions¿of systems, data, and representations. The field is well known, too, for its training support via simulations and simulators. Indeed, with computers increasingly influencing the activities of today¿s world, M&S is the third pillar of scientific understanding, taking its place along with theory building and empirical observation.This valuable new handbook provides intellectual support for all disciplines in analysis, design and optimization. It contributes increasingly to the growing number of computational disciplines, addressing the broad variety of contributing as well as supported disciplines and application domains. Further, each of its sections provide numerous references for further information. Highly comprehensive, the BoK represents many viewpoints and facets, captured under such topics as:Mathematical and Systems Theory FoundationsSimulation Formalisms and ParadigmsSynergies with Systems Engineering and Artificial IntelligenceMultidisciplinary ChallengesEthics and PhilosophyHistorical PerspectivesExamining theoretical as well as practical challenges, this unique volume addresses the many facets of M&S for scholars, students, and practitioners. As such, it affords readers from all science, engineering, and arts disciplines a comprehensive and concise representation of concepts, terms, and activities needed to explain the M&S discipline.Tuncer Ören is Professor Emeritus at the University of Ottawa. Bernard Zeigler is Professor Emeritus at the University of Arizona. Andreas Tolk is Chief Scientist at The MITRE Corporation. All three editors are long-time members and Fellows of the Society for Modeling and Simulation International. Under the leadership of three SCS Fellows, Dr. Ören, University of Ottawa, Dr. Zeigler, The University of Arizona, and Dr. Tolk, The MITRE Corporation, more than 50 international scholars from 15 countries provided insights and experience to compile this initial M&S Body of Knowledge.

This book focuses on nonextensive statistical mechanics, a current generalization of Boltzmann-Gibbs (BG) statistical mechanics.Conceived nearly 150 years ago by Maxwell, Boltzmann and Gibbs, the BG theory, one of the greatest monuments of contemporary physics, exhibits many impressive successes in physics, chemistry, mathematics, and computational sciences. Presently, several thousands of publications by scientists around the world have been dedicated to its nonextensive generalization. A variety of applications have emerged in complex systems and its mathematical grounding is by now well advanced.Since the first edition release thirteen years ago, there has been a vast amount of new results in the field, all of which have been incorporated in this comprehensive second edition. Heavily revised and updated with new sections and figures, the second edition remains the go-to text on the subject.A pedagogical introduction to the BG theory concepts and their generalizations ¿ nonlinear dynamics, extensivity of the nonadditive entropy, global correlations, generalization of the standard CLT¿s, complex networks, among others ¿ is presented in this book, as well as a selection of paradigmatic applications in various sciences together with diversified experimental verifications of some of its predictions. Introduction to Nonextensive Statistical Mechanics is suitable for students and researchers with an interest in complex systems and statistical physics.

This book publishes select papers presented at the 4th International Conference on Frontiers in Industrial and Applied Mathematics (FIAM-2021), held at the Sant Longowal Institute of Engineering and Technology, Longowal, Punjab, India, from 21¿22 December 2021. Most of the papers deal with mathematical theory embedded with its applications to engineering and sciences. This book illustrates numerical simulation of scientific problems and the state-of-the-art research in industrial and applied mathematics, including various computational and modeling techniques with case studies and concrete examples. Graduate students and researchers, who are interested in real applications of mathematics in the areas of computational and theoretical fluid dynamics, solid mechanics, optimization and operations research, numerical analysis, bio-mathematics, fuzzy, control and systems theory, dynamical systems and nonlinear analysis, algebra and approximation theory, will find the book useful.