Informationsteori

Hvorfor er det så svært at implementere noget? Hvad vil det egentlig sige at implementere? Og findes der en opskrift på, hvordan man lykkes med en implementering?Med udgangspunkt i teorier og modeller gennemgår bogen implementeringens fem dimensioner for at beskrive, hvad implementering er, og for samtidig at nuancere begrebet. Formålet med bogen er at udvikle vores sprog for implementering og dermed udvide bevidstheden og handlingsmulighederne. Implementering indeholder således både:En oversættende dimension, hvor læserne af det, der skal implementeres, ændrer det, så det passer til deres egen kontekstEn instrumentel dimension, hvor det er enkelt at implementere, og alle ved, hvad de skal gøreEn fortolkende dimension, hvor implementering i højere grad handler om at skabe mening med det, der skal implementeresEn legitimerende dimension, der er præget af skuespil, fordi det handler om at skabe legitimitetEn politisk dimension, hvor implementering fører til forhandlinger og kompromiser.Bogen kommer med bud på, hvad man skal være opmærksom på, når implementering foregår i en kontekst præget af magt, skuespil, fortolkning, rationalitet og oversættelser. Den skaber klarhed over begrebet implementering ved at udforske tre spørgsmål:Hvad er implementering?Hvordan foregår implementering?Hvornår er noget implementeret?Implementering – Mellem snak og handling er relevant for forskere, ledere på alle niveauer, konsulenter og andre, der beskæftiger sig med implementering. Den er også relevant for studerende og kan bruges til efteruddannelse og på diplom- og masteruddannelser.

I denne bog tager Capra og Luisi et opgør med en af videnskabens grundantagelser – at verden er som én stor maskine, vi kan splitte i stumper og stykker. Siden den videnskabelige revolution, hvor denne mekanistiske verdens- og livsforståelse blev grundlagt, har vi forsømt at erkende livet på kloden som ét sammenvævet system. Med det systemiske syn på liv følger en dyb økologisk bevidsthed og en sans for den fundamentale gensidige afhængighed, der er mellem alle fænomener i verden. Det gamle adskillelsesparadigme er ved at falde fra hinanden, og det giver håb om en ny og bedre fremtid. Selvom bogen primært er skrevet til studerende, henvender den sig også til alle, der er interesseret i en forståelse af den nye systemiske livsopfattelse og dennes betydning for en bred række fagligheder – fra politik og filosofi til medicin, psykologi og biologi. FRITJOF CAPRA er stifter af Center for Ecoliteracy i Berkeley, Californien. Han er fysiker og systemteoretiker og har beskæftiget sig med en systematisk undersøgelse af videnskabens filosofiske og sociale implikationer i de sidste 35 år. PIER LUIGI LUISI er professor i biokemi ved universitetet i Rom. Han er kemiker og stod bag de interdisciplinære Cortona-uger, og han beskæftiger sig med eksperimentelle og filosofiske aspekter ved livets oprindelse.

This book offers a comprehensive introduction to the central ideas that underpin deep learning. It is intended both for newcomers to machine learning and for those already experienced in the field. Covering key concepts relating to contemporary architectures and techniques, this essential book equips readers with a robust foundation for potential future specialization. The field of deep learning is undergoing rapid evolution, and therefore this book focusses on ideas that are likely to endure the test of time.The book is organized into numerous bite-sized chapters, each exploring a distinct topic, and the narrative follows a linear progression, with each chapter building upon content from its predecessors. This structure is well-suited to teaching a two-semester undergraduate or postgraduate machine learning course, while remaining equally relevant to those engaged in active research or in self-study.A full understanding of machine learning requires some mathematical background and so the book includes a self-contained introduction to probability theory. However, the focus of the book is on conveying a clear understanding of ideas, with emphasis on the real-world practical value of techniques rather than on abstract theory. Complex concepts are therefore presented from multiple complementary perspectives including textual descriptions, diagrams, mathematical formulae, and pseudo-code.Chris Bishop is a Technical Fellow at Microsoft and is the Director of Microsoft Research AI4Science. He is a Fellow of Darwin College Cambridge, a Fellow of the Royal Academy of Engineering, and a Fellow of the Royal Society. Hugh Bishop is an Applied Scientist at Wayve, a deep learning autonomous driving company in London, where he designs and trains deep neural networks. He completed his MPhil in Machine Learning and Machine Intelligence at Cambridge University.¿Chris Bishop wrote a terrific textbook on neural networks in 1995 and has a deep knowledge of the field and its core ideas. His many years of experience in explaining neural networks have made him extremely skillful at presenting complicated ideas in the simplest possible way and it is a delight to see these skills applied to the revolutionary new developments in the field.¿ -- Geoffrey Hinton"With the recent explosion of deep learning and AI as a research topic, and the quickly growing importance of AI applications, a modern textbook on the topic was badly needed. The "New Bishop" masterfully fills the gap, covering algorithms for supervised and unsupervised learning, modern deep learning architecture families, as well as how to apply all of this to various application areas." ¿ Yann LeCun¿This excellent and very educational book will bring the reader up to date with the main concepts and advances in deep learning with a solid anchoring in probability. These concepts are powering current industrial AI systems and are likely to form the basis of further advances towards artificial general intelligence.¿ -- Yoshua Bengio

From the 2021 Nobel Prize winner in Physics, a remarkable journey into the practice of groundbreaking science 'Giorgio Parisi is renowned for his scientific creativity, originality, and power. In this exhilarating little book, he shows his human side, too. By its end, readers will feel they've made a charming, witty new friend' Frank WilczekThe world is shaped by complexity. In this enlightening book, Nobel Prize winner Giorgio Parisi guides us through his unorthodox yet exhilarating work to show us how. It all starts with investigating the principles of physics by observing the sophisticated flight patterns of starlings. Studying the movements of these birds, he has realized, proves an illuminating way into understanding complex systems of all kinds - collections of everything from atoms to planets to other animals like ourselves. Along the way, Parisi reflects on the lessons he's taken from a life in pursuit of scientific truth: the importance of serendipity to the discovery of new ideas, the surprising kinship between physics and other fields of study and the value of science to a thriving society. In so doing, he removes the practice of science from the confines of the laboratory and into the real world. Complexity is all around us - from climate to finance to biology, it offers a unique way of finding order in chaos. Part elegant scientific treatise, part thrilling intellectual journey, In a Flight of Starlings is an invitation to find wonder in the world around us.

Med denne indføring i den sociologiske systemteori gør Luhmann det muligt for hans egne studerende at arbejde selvstændigt med denne teori. Den er derfor en guldgrube af enkle ideer i omgangen med vanskelige spørgsmål og tilbyder et rigt udvalg af koncepter og teoremer. Dette tillader en opøvning af evnen til at iagttage, beskrive og tænke - både i forhold til iagttagelsen af politik og økonomi, religion og videnskab, kunst og opdragelse samt familie og organisation og i forhold til vurderingen af aktuelle spørgsmål inden for kognitionsforskningen, miljøproblemer og sociale bevægelser.Ingen anden af Luhmanns tekster er så let tilgængelig og forståelig som denne.

This book is to provide readers with up-to-date advances in applied and interdisciplinary engineering science and technologies related to nonlinear dynamics, vibration, control, robotics, and their engineering applications, developed in the most recent years. All the contributed chapters come from active scholars in the area, which cover advanced theory & methods, innovative technologies, benchmark experimental validations and engineering practices. Readers would benefit from this state-of-the-art collection of applied nonlinear dynamics, in-depth vibration engineering theory, cutting-edge control methods and technologies, and definitely find stimulating ideas for their on-going R&D work. This book is intended for graduate students, research staff and scholars in academics, and also provides useful hand-up guidance for professional and engineers in practical engineering missions.

This book provides a comprehensive analysis of fault tolerant control (FTC) for more-electric civil aircraft. FTC is a crucial approach to enhance the reliability and safety of aircraft in the event of actuator, sensor, or structural failures. Engineers and scientists from diverse disciplines, including aeronautics, electrical, mechanical, and control engineering, have been drawn to research on FTC. This book analyzes the impact of faults on performance degradation in dissimilar redundant actuation systems of civil aircraft and presents the FTC methods to ensure reliable actuation and efficient control. Additionally, this book addresses surface damage issues, such as the loss of elevator, horizontal stabilizer, and rudder, by providing representative FTC methods. The book¿s major highlight is its comprehensive and systematic approach to FTC design, making it an ideal resource for readers interested in learning about FTC design for civil aircraft. The book benefits researchers, engineers, and graduate students in the fields of FTC, adaptive control, flight control, etc.

A book for men and women from middle age to advanced years who have suddenly and unexpectedly become confronted with the huge effects that the male prostate can have on the body. It is a tale of what can happen to both men and women when the prostate transforms over time as the body changes, free of any of the minor or major taboos surrounding those involved.The book presents both a subjective and an objective account, from a female and a male perspective, of what the prostate is and of the physical, psychological and social effects that changes to the prostate can bring as one ages or reaches old age. The latest medical, psychotherapeutic and social measures available to help men with prostate issues and their partners are discussed. It also addresses the therapeutic taboos that have previously prevented us from attempting a systemic approach to the physical, psychological and social transformation that men and women undergo when they reach middle age and beyond.

Fifty Stars of the Western Union is the general title of an inclusive- descriptive encyclopedia for juveniles and kids; this volume covers some key elements of Massachusetts state!

In "Dawn of Distrust: Technological Threads Weaving a Trustless Society," embark on a riveting exploration into a future where trust is a relic of the past and transparency reigns supreme. Delve into the intricacies of a society transformed by technological innovation, where every aspect of life is governed by algorithms and data.Follow the journey of diverse characters as they navigate the promises and perils of a trustless world. From the unveiling of transparent systems to the unmasking of hidden secrets, each chapter unfolds with gripping suspense and thought-provoking revelations.Witness the ripple effect of technological glitches as they send shockwaves through society, exposing the fragility of human connections in the digital age. Experience the internal strife and power struggles that threaten to tear the trustless society apart, as characters grapple with the consequences of their actions in a world devoid of traditional values.But amidst the chaos and uncertainty, find hope in the resilience of the human spirit and the enduring quest for meaning and connection. "Dawn of Distrust" is a gripping tale of intrigue and suspense, offering a timely reflection on the complexities of technology and its impact on the fabric of society.Prepare to be captivated from beginning to end as you journey through the dawn of a new era, where trust is a luxury few can afford, and the threads of technology weave a tapestry of intrigue and deception.

This book provides a guide for those looking to understand the potential of blockchain technology and its impact on various industries. The book provides an in-depth exploration of blockchain technology, its use cases, and the opportunities and challenges it presents. From digital currencies and smart contracts to supply chain management and decentralized finance, the book covers all the key aspects of blockchain technology. The authors also go beyond the technical details, providing valuable insights and practical advice on how to navigate this new era of decentralization and trustless transactions. The book is an ideal read for researchers, entrepreneurs, investors, or anyone looking to stay ahead of the curve and stay informed about the future of blockchain technology.

This book presents Blockchain technology and its various applications in educational environments. The authors show how Blockchain has the potential to revolutionize the field of education by creating decentralized and secure platforms for connecting students and educators across borders. The book also discusses the challenges and limitations of implementing Blockchain in education, such as technical complexity, lack of standardization, and regulatory issues. The authors provide several examples and case studies that demonstrate how Blockchain technology can be used to improve various aspects of education. The authors also recognize that Blockchain technology evolves rapidly and address the potential impact of the technology on the field of education in the future. In addition to general educational applications, the authors also provide a global perspective, addressing the potential impact of technology on education in various countries and regions.

This book focuses on the main advancements made in the economics and social sciences field through the use of grey systems theory. As a result, it addresses both the state of the art and the applications of grey systems theory in economics and social sciences. The book is structured in eight main chapters, covering the following topics: the state of the art in the grey systems theory research in economics and social sciences, which includes a bibliometric analysis, a selection of the most well-cited papers in the field, and a selection of applications in which the grey systems theory is used in the areas of suppliers selection, risk assessment, public opinion assessment, linear programming, complex projects management, social media analysis, and natural language processing Each chapter gives an overview of a particular economic or social sciences topic, providing an explanation on the main terms and methods used for solving the problem, including the notations, terminology, and the needed steps to solve it. A practical application is presented in most of the chapters, while in the others, a series of case studies are presented from the literature and discussed in depth in terms of methods used and advantages brought by each of these methods. The last chapter discusses the hybridization cases in which the grey systems theory has been or can be successfully used along with other artificial intelligence methods and techniques for a more advanced analysis in the economics and social sciences field. The reasoning and the explanations used in the book are easy to understand for the interested persons who are not familiar to the field and want to learn more related on how the grey systems theory can be applied to economics and social sciences. As for the experts in this field, this book can be a good referral point for developing new areas of research by combining the advantages of the grey systems theory with other theories within the field.

This book investigates data security approaches in Heterogeneous Communications Networks (HCN). First, the book discusses the urgent need for a decentralized data management architecture in HCN. The book investigates preliminaries and related research to help readers obtain a comprehensive picture of the research topic. Second, the book presents three blockchain-based approaches for data management in HCN: data provenance, data query, and data marketing. Finally, based on the insights and experiences from the presented approaches, the book discusses future research directions.

AI Malicious Actors: The Dark Side of Artificial IntelligenceAre you concerned about the potential misuse of AI? Conversational Chat Informative BookBy Abebe-Bard AI Woldemariam This book, AI Malicious Actors: The Dark Side of Artificial Intelligence, dives deep into the growing threat posed by individuals and organizations using AI for harmful purposes. As AI technology continues to evolve, its potential for both good and evil expands. This conversational and informative book explores:The rise of AI malicious actors: Who are they, and what dangers do they pose?AI-powered cyberattacks: Learn about the latest threats and how they exploit vulnerabilities.Deepfakes and synthetic media: How are these technologies used to manipulate reality?Autonomous systems and AI: What are the potential risks associated with AI in self-driving cars and other automated technologies?Social engineering and fraud: How are AI tools used to deceive and steal?Underground marketplaces for AI malice: Where do malicious actors get their tools?Combating the threat: Explore strategies for regulation, ethical considerations, and best practices. Packed with case studies, essays, research, and real-world examples, this book provides a comprehensive and informative overview of AI malicious actors. You'll gain a deeper understanding of the dangers and learn how we can work together to ensure AI is used for good. Order your copy today and explore the dark side of AI. Bonus: Dedication to Merab Abebe, a testament to the belief in AI's positive potential. Disclaimer: Information may not always be accurate or reflect Google's views.

Flexible Query Answering Systems is an edited collection of contributed chapters. It focuses on developing computer systems capable of transforming a query into an answer with useful information. The emphasis is on problems associated with high-level intelligent answering systems. The coverage is multidisciplinary with chapters by authors from information science, logic, fuzzy systems, databases, artificial intelligence and knowledge representation. Each contribution represents a theory involving flexibility in query-answering, and each addresses specific answering problems. Coverage includes topics such as fuzzy sets in flexible querying, non-standard database interactions, metareasoning and agents, and many others. Contributions for this volume were written by leading researchers from their respective subject areas, including Patrick Bosc, Bernadette Bouchon-Meunier, Amihai Motro, Henri Prade and Ron Yager, among others. Flexible Query Answering Systems is a timely contribution for researchers working on high-level query mechanism systems.

This book presents the reader with a streamlined exposition of the notions and results leading to the construction of normal forms and, ultimately, to the construction of smooth conjugacies for the perturbations of tempered exponential dichotomies. These are exponential dichotomies for which the exponential growth rates of the underlying linear dynamics never vanish. In other words, its Lyapunov exponents are all nonzero. The authors consider mostly difference equations, although they also briefly consider the case of differential equations. The content is self-contained and all proofs have been simplified or even rewritten on purpose for the book so that all is as streamlined as possible. Moreover, all chapters are supplemented by detailed notes discussing the origins of the notions and results as well as their proofs, together with the discussion of the proper context, also with references to precursor results and further developments. A useful chapter dependence chart is included in the Preface. The book is aimed at researchers and graduate students who wish to have a sufficiently broad view of the area, without the discussion of accessory material. It can also be used as a basis for graduate courses on spectra, normal forms, and smooth conjugacies.The main components of the exposition are tempered spectra, normal forms, and smooth conjugacies. The first two lie at the core of the theory and have an importance that undoubtedly surpasses the construction of conjugacies. Indeed, the theory is very rich and developed in various directions that are also of interest by themselves. This includes the study of dynamics with discrete and continuous time, of dynamics in finite and infinite-dimensional spaces, as well as of dynamics depending on a parameter. This led the authors to make an exposition not only of tempered spectra and subsequently of normal forms, but also briefly of some important developments in those other directions. Afterwards the discussion continues with the construction of stable and unstable invariant manifolds and, consequently, of smooth conjugacies, while using most of the former material.The notion of tempered spectrum is naturally adapted to the study of nonautonomous dynamics. The reason for this is that any autonomous linear dynamics with a tempered exponential dichotomy has automatically a uniform exponential dichotomy. Most notably, the spectra defined in terms of tempered exponential dichotomies and uniform exponential dichotomies are distinct in general. More precisely, the tempered spectrum may be smaller, which causes that it may lead to less resonances and thus to simpler normal forms. Another important aspect is the need for Lyapunov norms in the study of exponentially decaying perturbations and in the study of parameter-dependent dynamics. Other characteristics are the need for a spectral gap to obtain the regularity of the normal forms on a parameter and the need for a careful control ofthe small exponential terms in the construction of invariant manifolds and of smooth conjugacies.

This book presents the experimental development of an information-powered engine inspired by the famous thought experiment, Maxwell¿s demon, to understand its potential to produce energy for practical purposes. The development of an engine based on Maxwell¿s demon was for a long time inconceivable, but technological advances have led to novel investigations into theoretical and practical applications. The built information engine consists of a micron-sized glass bead trapped in a tightly focused laser beam. It rectifies the bead's Brownian motion by controlling the laser's position and generates a unidirectional motion against gravity without doing any work, thus converting thermal heat into stored gravitational potential energy. A theoretical model based on a spring-mass system describes the engine's dynamics and was then used to find optimum parameters to improve the engine's performance. Experimentally implementing these optimization strategies led to engine output powers comparable to those measured in biological motors. This book also highlights performance improvements made in the presence of measurement noise and presents important guiding principles to design information engines to operate in non-equilibrium environments. By focusing on practical applications, the book overall aims to broaden the scope of information-engine investigations.

This book aims to establish a systematic theory on the synchronization for wave equations with locally distributed controls. It is structured in two parts. Part I is devoted to internal controls, while Part II treats the case of mixed internal and boundary controls. The authors present necessary mathematical formulations and techniques for analyzing and solving problems in this area. They also give numerous examples and applications to illustrate the concepts and demonstrate their practical relevance. The book provides an overview of the field and offers an in-depth analysis of new results with elegant proofs. By reading this book, it can be found that due to the use of internal controls, more deep-going results on synchronization can be obtained, which makes the corresponding synchronization theory more precise and complete.Graduate students and researchers in control and synchronization for partial differential equations, functional analysis find this book useful. It is also an excellent reference in the field. Thanks to the explicit criteria given in this book for various notions of controllability and synchronization, researchers and practitioners can effectively use the control strategies described in this book and make corresponding decisions regarding system design and operation.