Økonomisk teori og filosofi

Comprendete l'essenza della teoria del vantaggio comparativo (nota anche come legge del vantaggio comparativo o legge del vantaggio comparativo) in soli 50 minuti con questo libro pratico e conciso. Sviluppata dal famoso economista David Ricardo, questa teoria illustra che la specializzazione e il commercio vanno a vantaggio di entrambe le parti dello scambio e generano ricchezza. Egli sostiene che il vantaggio comparativo è più importante del vantaggio assoluto, come teorizzato da Adam Smith, il che ci aiuta a capire come il commercio tra Paesi possa essere reciprocamente vantaggioso. Questo libro offre una pratica introduzione alle applicazioni della teoria comparativa nel commercio internazionale, nell'outsourcing e nella divisione del lavoro. Include inoltre diversi esempi pratici, una discussione sulle carenze della teoria e un'introduzione a concetti correlati, come la teoria della crescita immiserente, la teoria del protezionismo per le imprese emergenti e la teoria dello scambio ineguale.

Comprendete l'essenza del modello freemium in soli 50 minuti con questo libro pratico e conciso. Il modello freemium riflette il detto popolare secondo cui "non esiste un pranzo gratis": in altre parole, nel mondo moderno nulla è gratis. Questo modello di business consiglia alle aziende di offrire una combinazione di prodotti gratuiti e premium, attirando i clienti con la prospettiva di un prodotto gratuito e invogliandoli ad acquistare la versione a pagamento. Questo libro fornisce un'utile introduzione al concetto di "omaggi" nel mondo degli affari e alle diverse forme che le offerte gratuite possono assumere. Non solo imparerete come applicare efficacemente il modello freemium nell'era digitale, ma esaminerete anche esempi reali, scoprirete i suoi difetti, tra cui il pericolo degli scrocconi, e imparerete a conoscere modelli correlati, come il freeware e il finanziamento dalla pubblicità.

This book is an applications-oriented text designed for individuals who desire a hands-on approach to analyzing the effects of fiscal and monetary policies. Significantly updated for the fourth edition, the text provides an understanding of the global economy in the wake of the COVID crisis, discussing topics such as pandemic related supply and demand-side shocks, the role of Modern Monetary Theory (MMT) in financing COVID rescue plans, the effect of the US, India, Eurozone and China's post-COVID economies on emerging and transitioning economies, and the resurgence of inflation. This edition includes deeper coverage on the issue of budget deficit sustainability and on trade wars, especially in a global context, and revisits the life cycles of speculative asset price (SAP) bubbles, especially in the housing markets and in SPACs. The fourth edition contains several brand-new cases and media articles that are carefully positioned to relate explicitly to theory, and to look ahead to and preempt global macro situations and polices in the years to come. MBA students and Executive MBA students who appreciate the importance of monetary and fiscal analysis will find this text to be right on target. Financial analysts and individual investors who need to strip away economic myths and jargon and systematically examine and understand the effects of macro policies on variables such as inflation, output, employment and interest rates, will also find the book extremely useful.

The world today is mired in a state of unprecedented chaos. Humanity is plagued by climate change, stark wealth inequality, and rampant political conflict. How did we get here? More importantly, how can we turn the chaos to our advantage and see in it an opportunity to create a more sustainable future? In this provocative and groundbreaking work, fourth-generation family business steward Frederick Tsao outlines an original vision for a new consciousness of life in the quantum era. To confront global challenges, we must forge a common worldview grounded in the recognition that humanity is a part of one holistic system for all life on Earth. A new well-being and happiness economy will emerge therefrom. Integrating the best of Eastern wisdom and Western science with decades of deep experience, Tsao articulates a new definition of well-being as a life journey to systemic coherence. He argues that each of us must make one conscious choice to undertake an inward journey to find inner peace and love. Along this journey are infinite possibilities for inner coherence and harmony--to come into alignment with the world around us, caring for each other and the one planet we inhabit. Businesses will be at the very forefront of this transformation. From economics and politics to technological innovation and the way governments are run, every aspect of human culture will be reshaped to prioritize our collective well-being and happiness. As each one of us has a part to play in this paradigm shift, One Choice, One World invites you to join the movement and embrace the collective awakening now. The future is in our hands!

"2023 is the 300th anniversary of Adam Smith's birth. This collection of original essays offers a chance to reappraise his legacy not just as economist, but as political and moral philosopher, one of the leading lights of the Scottish Enlightenment"--

Both a history and a contemporary analysis, an illuminating investigation of the defining economic concern of our time. The last year has seen the return of inflation as a preoccupation of political decision-makers, economists, and the general public. After two decades of wondering why inflation was so low, despite vast economic stimulus, economists were surprised by the recent surge in price increases. Despite disagreement about what exactly is happening in the economy, there is unanimity in one belief: slowing growth to control inflation. To focus on inflation's return, Paul Mattick looks at both the past and present, placing current events in the context of capitalism's history. Exploring the nature of money itself, he provides a concise, jargon-free understanding of recent inflation as well as official efforts to control it, illuminating the state of our contemporary economy.

Begrijp de essentie van het freemium-model in slechts 50 minuten met dit praktische en beknopte boek. Het freemium-model weerspiegelt het populaire gezegde dat "een gratis lunch niet bestaat": met andere woorden, niets is gratis in de moderne wereld. Dit bedrijfsmodel adviseert bedrijven om een combinatie van gratis en premium producten aan te bieden, en zo klanten aan te trekken met het vooruitzicht van een gratis product en hen te verleiden tot het kopen van de betaalde versie. Dit boek biedt u een handige inleiding tot het concept van 'freebies' in het bedrijfsleven en de verschillende vormen die gratis aanbiedingen kunnen aannemen. U leert niet alleen hoe u het freemiummodel effectief kunt toepassen in het digitale tijdperk, maar u zult ook praktijkvoorbeelden onder de loep nemen, de tekortkomingen van het middel ontdekken, waaronder het gevaar van freeloaders, en kennismaken met verwante modellen, zoals freeware en financiering uit reclame.

Begrijp de essentie van de theorie van het comparatieve voordeel (ook bekend als de wet van het comparatieve voordeel of de wet van het relatieve voordeel) in slechts 50 minuten met dit praktische en beknopte boek. Deze theorie, die werd ontwikkeld door de bekende econoom David Ricardo, illustreert dat specialisatie en handel beide partijen in de uitwisseling ten goede komen en welvaart genereren. Hij stelt dat comparatief voordeel belangrijker is dan absoluut voordeel, zoals getheoretiseerd door Adam Smith, wat ons helpt te begrijpen hoe handel tussen landen voor beide partijen voordelig kan zijn. Dit boek geeft u een handige inleiding tot de toepassingen van de theorie van het comparatieve in de internationale handel, het uitbesteden van taken en de arbeidsverdeling. Het bevat ook verschillende praktische voorbeelden, een discussie over de tekortkomingen van de theorie, en een inleiding tot verwante concepten, zoals de theorie van immiseriserende groei, de theorie van protectionisme voor opkomende bedrijven en de theorie van ongelijke uitwisseling.

Our societies had been experiencing new technological development.Our business society had developed long time from farming period to manufacturing period, then to service industry period, till to nowadays technology service and manufacturing period. It bring this questions: Can technology or human behavior may influence economic development? How human behavior influences social change? How human behavior may help our future societies to bring economic growth? Can human behavior influence global economic growth? Can human behavior influences social change? How to implement effective school management strategy in order to improve any school organizational subject course design and teaching staffs teaching performance both aspects ? How technological innovation may influence social change ? How education influences social change? Why robot may bring positive and negative to social change? If it is true, which aspects of human behavior or how our behavior which will excite global societies to bring long term economic growth. I will attempt to indicate some human behavior may influence economic growth and explain why and how these human behaivoral factors may influence economic growth in behaivoral economic view.

The Wisdom of the Commons examines the history and philosophy of civic education as the essential political part of liberal education. This study distinguishes itself from other works on liberal and civic education by focusing explicitly on the civic and liberal education of those citizens who are not destined for prominent positions within politics and government but are still a part of and relevant to political society. It considers this strand of liberal and civic education, in both its ancient and modern iterations, by focusing on the philosophies of Plato, Cicero, Locke, Rousseau, and Adam Smith.

Producing, buying, selling, inventing, destroying, caring, imagining, failing - with their everyday practices, people bring about what we call 'the economy'. In order to both understand and transform these practices in the context of mounting socio-ecological challenges, respective knowledge on economic practices becomes crucial. Yet, when it comes to the respective scientific discipline - economics - such knowledge is limited due to a long-standing tradition of favouring abstraction and modelling over assessing real-world economic action. By contrast, this book draws the contours of an economics grounded in real-world phenomena and experiences by outlining the foundations of a Grounded Economics. Building on the philosophical traditions of pragmatism, phenomenology and critical realism, and basic concepts from institutional thought and social scientific practice theories, the book provides a consistent framework to grasp the economy as an 'unfolding process'. By putting forward a strong account of economic agency, the framework allows to identify and differentiate between multiple pathways for social transformations. The book addresses readers from all branches of the social sciences seeking a new vision for economic research, particularly within political economy, heterodox economics, science studies and economic sociology.

This book systematically addresses Bourdieu's key ideas and concepts in the context of Marxist thought. In this book, Bourdieu's central theoretical points are analyzed within a political, sociological and politico-economic framework which allows for the development of a sequential narrative of his key ideas. Thus, the authors are able to highlight the theoretical consistencies and political conclusions which can be derived from Bourdieu's work. For example, Bourdieu's anti-neoliberal narrative is correlated with his analysis of class, and especially with his canonization of the petty bourgeoisie and its strategy for a reformed anti-neoliberal capitalism. The book also analyzes this coherent synthesis of Bourdieu's work in the context of Marxist political economy, including not only Marx but also Lenin, Althusser and Poulantzas. In this context, the book explores Bourdieu's work on the state, class strategy, socialism and capitalism. This unique perspective will be of great interest to social scientists, particularly in economics, politics and sociology, working on Bourdieu, Marx and capitalism.

This book features a collection of high-quality and peer-reviewed papers from the 2022 6th International Conference on Applied Economics and Business (ICAEB), which was held in Stockholm, Sweden, during August 24-26, 2022. ICAEB serves as a platform for presentation of new advances and research results in the fields of applied economics and business. Applied economics is used to improve the quality of practice in business and public policy by thinking meticulously about new ways to approach old problems. Presentations at the conference include the topical areas of development, ecological, financial, forensic, information, institutional, international, labor, managerial, mathematical, monetary, and other related economic aspects. All these topics relate to an overall theme of sustainable development from an economic perspective. The conference brings together scientists from different fields of applied economic research in order to exchange ideas and experiences leading to improved methods of economic analysis.

Ein Kommentar zu dem Buch der Wirtschaftsjournalistin Ulrike Herrmann: Das Ende des Kapitalismus.

This book provides a comprehensive mathematical description and analysis of the delegate allocation processes in the US Democratic and Republican presidential primaries, focusing on the role of apportionment methods and the effect of thresholds¿the minimum levels of support required to receive delegates. The analysis involves a variety of techniques, including theoretical arguments, simplicial geometry, Monte Carlo simulation, and examination of presidential primary data from 2004 to 2020. The book is divided into two parts: Part I defines the classical apportionment problem and explains how the implementation and goals of delegate apportionment differ from those of apportionment for state representation in the US House of Representatives and for party representation in legislatures based on proportional representation. The authors then describe how delegates are assigned to states and congressional districts and formally define the delegate apportionment methods usedin each state by the two major parties to allocate delegates to presidential candidates. Part II analyzes and compares the apportionment methods introduced in Part I based on their level of bias and adherence to various notions of proportionality. It explores how often the methods satisfy the quota condition and quantifies their biases in favor or against the strongest and weakest candidates. Because the methods are quota-based, they are susceptible to classical paradoxes like the Alabama and population paradoxes. They also suffer from other paradoxes that are more relevant in the context of delegate apportionment such as the elimination and aggregation paradoxes. The book evaluates the extent to which each method is susceptible to each paradox. Finally, it discusses the appointment of delegates based on divisor methods and notions of regressive proportionality.This book appeals to scholars and students interested in mathematical economics and political science, with an emphasis on apportionment and social choice theory.

This book defends and articulates an ¿Engaged Buddhist¿ approach to economics as a response to the destructive effects of global capitalism. The author posits that Buddhist understandings of the distortions of greed, aversion, and ignorance can be read to apply not only to mental states but also to socio-political ones, and that such a reading suggests rational responses to current social and environmental challenges. The book proposes that we engage both ¿inner and outer¿ modes of transformation through which to free ourselves from our current human-made, dysfunctional systems: the former, by examining the workings of our own minds, the latter by criticizing and reforming our economic systems. Since traditional Buddhism provides few sources to build a Buddhist economic vision, this work brings together Buddhist notions of skillful practice, John Dewey¿s pragmatic principles for social provisioning, and institutional economics. The author provides two case studies for experiments in Buddhist-based socioeconomic policies, Thailand and Bhutan. Of special interest is the implied parallel between worldviews emerging from modern socially-engaged Buddhism and Dewey¿s notion of a human existential drive to shape the world in collectively beneficial ways.

Branko Milanovic charts 200 years of the fascinating history of the discourse on inequality through portraits of six key economists, from Quesnay to Kuznets. In their work and lives, we see how differently each conceived of inequality, and how the subject, prominent in their times, was eclipsed during the Cold War and has become central once again.

"Die Russen kommen." ... wohin geht der Westen? Ist es tatsächlich Putins Krieg? Ist nicht im 21. Jahrhundert alles vernetzt und intrigiert? Was lehrt uns die Historie? Was lehrt uns das Geld? Welches Geld? Wo beginnt Faschismus?Lassen Sie sich entführen in eine fiskal-politische Aufbereitung historischer und aktueller Gegebenheiten. Ein Versuch, Licht ins Dunkel zu bringen. Ist die weiße Weste des Westens schmutzig? Der Dollar glänzt nur augenscheinlich. Wieviel Dollar ist uns der westliche Wohlstand wert? Jeder Schritt, ein Kredit. Dem alten Westen geht die Luft aus.Aus die Maus!

This book focuses on economic inequality, its measurement, and its relationship with economic growth and development. The current literature uses multiple points of view, ranging from ethical, legal, philosophical, to political and economic, to understand the nature of (in)equality. Presenting the problem objectively, this book shows how to measure the phenomenon statistically along with an international comparison of the level of income inequality and economic growth and of their complex relationship. The book also analyzes three decades of theoretical and empirical evidence to understand this phenomenon and discusses a number of political measures to reduce economic disparities while stimulating economic growth.

Hayek was one of the leading voices in economic and social theory; however, he also wrote on theoretical psychology. The Sensory Order, first published in 1952, sets forth his classic theory of mind in which he describes the mental mechanism that classifies perceptions that cannot be accounted for by physical laws. Although The Sensory Order was not widely engaged with by either psychologists or social scientists at the time of publication, it is seen today as essential for fully understanding Hayek's more well-known work.This edition pairs the original 1952 book with additional essays related to The Sensory Order's key themes, including a student paper from 1920 in which Hayek outlined the basic ideas he fully developed in the 1952 book.Rounding out the volume is an insightful introduction by editor Viktor Vanberg that sketches out the central problems Hayek was grappling with when he wrote The Sensory Order and the influential role this early thinking on theoretical psychology would play over the next six decades of his career. The book also features ample footnotes and citations for further reading, making this an essential contribution to the series.