Økonomisk historie

"In the last four decades, China's economy and living standards have completely transformed. Wang Feng charts the origins, forces, and consequences of this meteoric rise in prosperity, shifting our perspective toward rural populations as drivers of global change, and anticipating possible headwinds for future growth"--

This book examines the economic history of ancient South Asia by situating the Malwa region of Central India within Afro-Eurasian trade networks to illuminate the role of traders in the political, religious and economic processes connected with the Indo-Sasanian trade in the period of five centuries, circa CE 300-700.The book challenges the long-held centrality of the Roman factor in the South Asian economy by locating the Indo-Sasanian interactions in long distance economic networks with trade as a central feature. It considers the role and influence of traders as an understudied group affecting the contribution of the Indian economy to the world system. Amidst rapidly changing political landscapes, traders of Indian and Sasanian origins are studied as conscious political beings, who formed ties with varieties of polities and religious communities to secure their commercial interests. In addition, their commercial interactions with their Sogdian (Central Asia) and Aksumite (East Africa) counterparts are analyzed. The book also considers the nature of trade routes and the specific connections between mercantile and religious networks, including patterns of construction of religious shrines and temples along trade routes. Integrating epigraphic, numismatic, literary and archaeological evidence, this book moves away from a marginal treatment of the Indo-Sasanian trade in Indian history, and demonstrates how regional economic history must address a plurality of causes, actors, and processes in its assessment of the regional economy. The book will be of interest to students and academics of Indian economic history, as well as the ancient economies of South Asia more broadly.

This book outlines the origins of Danish Capitalism and prosperity, from a poor and devastated minor state in the 19th century to a consolidated universal mixed economy welfare state at the end of the 20th century. The book argues that firm-based innovation drove Danish prosperity and redistributive capacity. It is a comprehensive but manageable examination of the institutions and choices that shaped a highly innovative and wealthy nation. The book relies on history and economic theory, presents commonly accepted narratives and theories, and contributes new explanations. Therefore, the book also traces both antecedents and the current state of 20th-century capitalism in Denmark and particular outcomes and critical institutions such as firm age, the labor market, and pension schemes. The book will be of interest to academics in business history and economic policy, as well as policymakers and all those interested in mixed economy studies.

"In How Economics Explains the World, Harvard-trained economist Andrew Leigh presents a new way to understand the human story. From the dawn of agriculture to AI, here is story of how ingenuity, greed, and desire for betterment have, to an astonishing degree, determined our past, present, and future."--

This edited volume discusses the life and scholarship of Friedrich Engels. Written to commemorate the two-hundred-year anniversary of Engels' birth, the contributions take a look into his research from a variety of viewpoints, trace the influence of his predecessors, and critically evaluate his place within 19th century scholarship. In addition, specific topics are taken up, such as his (mis)assessment of American capitalism, his influence on the Italian labor movement, the thematization of social problems and the relevance of his thought in a global economy. Providing a fresh look at the co-founder of scientific socialism, this volume will be of interest to researchers and students of contemporary political, social and economic systems, the history of economic thought, and political history.

Business Statistics of the United States is a comprehensive and practical collection of data from as early as 1913 that reflects the nation's economic performance.

"What is Economics? Why do consumers borrow and save? How do econo mic systems work? Money and investing can be daunting. This book covers all of the key aspects of economic theory and history"--

"Cracking the Rich Code with Jim Britt vol. 3" is a book written by renowned entrepreneur and motivational speaker, Jim Britt. Here are some insights from the book:1. Success Mindset: One of the key insights from the book is the importance of having a success mindset. It emphasizes that our thoughts and beliefs significantly determine our level of success. 2. Persistence and Resilience: The book teaches that success doesn't come easy. It requires persistence, resilience, and the ability to overcome failures and setbacks.3. Power of Networking: Britt highlights the importance of networking and building strong relationships in business. He emphasizes that the connections we make can open doors to new opportunities.4. Personal Development: The book underscores the importance of personal development and continuous learning in achieving wealth and success. 5. Goal Setting: Britt encourages readers to set clear and achievable goals. He explains that having a clear vision of what you want to achieve is a crucial step towards success.6. Wealth Creation Strategies: The book provides practical strategies and tips for wealth creation, including investing, entrepreneurship, and financial management.7. Unlocking Potential: Britt believes that every individual has the potential to achieve greatness. The book provides guidance on how to unlock this potential and use it to create wealth and success.8. The Power of Positive Affirmations: The book highlights the power of positive affirmations in changing your mindset and attracting wealth and success.9. Taking Action: Britt emphasizes that success requires not just planning, but action. He encourages readers to take the necessary steps towards achieving their goals.10. The Importance of Passion: The book teaches that passion is a key ingredient in achieving success. When you love what you do, it becomes easier to put in the hard work necessary to achieve your goals.

This book examines the interrelations between Russian and European economics from the early 19th century to the present. It analyzes how Western economic thinking, such as classical economics and the marginal revolution, influenced Russian economic thinking and how Western economic ideas were modified and adapted to better reflect the specific Russian circumstances of the time. Moreover, the contributions in this book show how these modified ideas also influenced Western economists at the end of the 19th century, when Russian economics had reached the stage of professionalism and joined the international discourse on the discipline. Written by an international selection of respected experts, this book provides an overview of the most influential Russian economists and covers a wide range of topics such as the marginal revolution, the specific influence of Marxism, the evolution of mathematics and statistics in Russia in the 1890s-1920s, and the unique experience of building a planned economy in the Soviet Union. It is intended for all scholars and students who are interested in the history of economic thought.

This is the history of the institutions and individuals who have managed the global economy, from the World Monetary and Economic Conference in the wake of the Great Depression to the present, as leading nations tackle the fallout from Covid-19 and the threats of inflation, food security and climate change. Since the Second World War, organisations created at Bretton Woods - the International Monetary Fund and the International Bank of Reconstruction and Development - and afterwards - the General Agreement on Trade and Tariffs and the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development - have left an indelible mark on our contemporary world.Martin Daunton examines the swings of the pendulum over ninety years between the forces of democracy, national determination and globalization. He shows that the structures of economic government have been overwhelmingly shaped by 'first world' powers, often to the dismay of developing countries. He argues that whilst structures cannot be separated from the politics of and between the biggest economies, future global recovery rests on the reduction of inequality and that multilateral institutions are fundamental in fostering inclusive growth.

"A fascinating retelling of the first banking and financial collapse in eighteenth-century France. The Scottish economist John Law has been described as the architect of modern central banking. His "System," established in Regency France between 1716 and 1720, saw the founding of a bank issuing paper money and the establishment of State commercial and colonial enterprises aimed at consolidating public debt. What at first seemed like financial wizardry, however, resulted in rampant speculation and economic collapse. In The Politics of Utopia, Arnaud Orain offers a provocative rereading of this well-known episode. Starting in the seventeenth century, he reconstructs the figures and ideas, long predating Law, that anticipated and laid the groundwork for the System, which, he argues, is best understood as a failed social utopia aimed at the total transformation of society. Overturning familiar narratives of this seismic event, this book rewrites a stunning chapter in economic history by dealing with cultural, colonial, religious, and political dimensions of the (in)famous "System" till the French Revolution, revealing new lessons for today's fraught financial landscape"--

This anthology honors the life and work of American economist John E. Murray, whose work on the evolution of the standard of living spanned multiple disciplines. Publishing extensively in the areas of the history of healthcare and health insurance, labor markets, religion, and family-related issues from education to orphanages, fertility, and marriage, Murray was much more than an economic historian and his influence can be felt across the wider scholarly community. Written by Murray's academic collaborators, mentors, and mentees, this collection of essays covers topics such as the effect of the 1918 influenza pandemic on U.S. life insurance holdings, the relationship between rapid economic growth and type 2 diabetes, and the economics of the early church. This volume will be of use to scholars and students interested in economic history, cliometrics, labor economics, and American and European history, as well as the history of religion.

Poverty and inequality have pervaded British society to this day, but this has not always been self-evident to contemporaries - popular understandings have depended on existing knowledge. Inequality Knowledge provides the first detailed history of the numbers about the gap between rich and poor. It shows how they were produced, used, and suppressed at times, and how activists, scientists, and journalists eventually wrestled control over the figures from the state. The book traces the making and the politics of statistical knowledge about economic inequality in the United Kingdom from the post-war era to the 1990s. What kind of knowledge was available to contemporaries about socio-economic disparities in Britain and how they evolved over time? How was this knowledge produced and by whom? What did policy makers and civil servants know about the extent of poverty and inequality in British society and to what extent did they take the distributional impact of their social and fiscal policies into account? Far from just a technical matter, inequality knowledge had far-reaching implications for key debates and the wider political culture in contemporary Britain. Historicizing inequality knowledge speaks to a long tradition of historical research about social class divisions and cultural representations of economic disparities in twentieth-century Britain.

What is the place and role of a woman in society? Humanity has been searching for an answer to this question for thousands of years. In today's time of technological progress and great discoveries, this issue is becoming more urgent and acute. According to the information of the United Nations, at the moment, the problem of the status and role of women in society is second only to ecological and economic issues.

El cambio climático, la pérdida de biodiversidad, la escasez de materias primas y una población mundial en crecimiento requieren una transformación de nuestro sistema económico global. Esta transformación debe lograr reunir las agendas ecológica, económica y social en aras del desarrollo sostenible. La economía circular hace una contribución clave a esto.Nuestro sistema económico lineal, que funciona de acuerdo con el principio de flujo continuo de tomar-hacer-desperdiciar, está en curso de colisión con los límites de nuestro planeta. La extracción y el procesamiento de recursos son responsables de más del 90 % de la pérdida de biodiversidad global y de más de la mitad de todas las emisiones de gases de efecto invernadero. Estos desafíos, centrales para la supervivencia humana, requieren encontrar nuevas formas de producir y consumir respetando los límites ecológicos de nuestro planeta.Este libro responde a los siguientes interrogantes ¿Qué es la economía circular? ¿Realmente es la solución a nuestros problemas? ¿Cuáles son sus ventajas y sus dificulatdes de implementación? ¿Qué estamos haciendo ahora para llevarla a cabo?

Les cycles rythment aussi bien nos vies personnelles que l¿évolution de l¿économie, des marchés financiers, de la démographie, de nos sociétés. Pourtant, leur philosophie, leur symbolisme et leur portée scientifique restent ignorés du monde contemporain, toujours plus attaché à la lecture matérialiste de l¿économie et de notre monde en général. Néanmoins, le fait de comprendre les cycles permet de prévoir et d¿anticiper le cours des évènements qui se répètent inlassablement dans un ordre immuable. Aussi, il est important de mesurer l¿effet des cycles sur les marchés et les sociétés.Ce livre singulier parcourt un nombre de connaissances considérables sur la question des cycles. Les auteurs les plus illustres nous rappellent l¿importance du temps, qüil s¿agisse de textes anciens ou de Nikolaï Kondratiev, Clément Juglar, Joseph Schumpeter, etc. Les connaissances les plus anciennes comme les plus récentes y sont présentées. Là où les fractales et les mathématiques établissent le véritable rôle du temps sur les marchés, l¿enseignement traditionnel des cycles nous renvoie à la finalité des dynamiques économiques et sociales. La combinaison d¿une approche mathématique et d¿une approche plus intuitive de la question des cycles ouvre de nouvelles perspectives sur les marchés financiers. Thomas Andrieu, 20 ans, qui a préfacé en 2023 de grands économistes comme Kitchin ou Kondratiev, publie ici son cinquième ouvrage. De 2021, prémices de l¿effondrement à Révolution Cryptos, il est en France l¿auteur le plus prolifique de sa génération dans le domaine de l¿économie.

Uncover the Rich Tapestry of the Silk Road's Past and PresentAre you ready to embark on an extraordinary journey through time and across continents? Dive into the captivating world of the Silk Road with our exclusive book bundle, the "SILK ROAD CHRONICLES." This meticulously curated collection delves deep into the heart of one of history's most iconic and influential trade networks.BOOK 1 - SILK ROADS OF ANTIQUITY: Trade and Cultural Exchange in the Ancient WorldStep back in time to explore the origins and early routes of the Silk Road. Discover how ancient civilizations engaged in the exchange of goods, ideas, and cultures that shaped the world we know today. Unearth the secrets of the fabled Silk Road caravans, the timeless allure of silk, and the crossroads where art, religion, and ideas converged.BOOK 2 - SILK ROAD EMPIRES: The Medieval Era of Silk and SpiceTravel through the medieval era of the Silk Road, a time when empires rose and fell, and the scent of spices filled the air. Journey alongside merchants and explorers as they navigate the treacherous routes, uncovering the riches of distant lands. Immerse yourself in the stories of thriving Central Asian trading capitals and the crossroads of faith where religions mingled and transformed.BOOK 3 - SILK ROAD REVIVAL: From Marco Polo to the Age of ExplorationExperience the Renaissance of the Silk Road as adventurers like Marco Polo embark on epic journeys. Discover the tales of exploration, diplomacy, and innovation that reshaped the world. From Venice to Xi'an, follow in the footsteps of those who bridged East and West, creating a legacy that still resonates today.BOOK 4 - MODERN SILK ROAD: Globalization and the 21st Century Belt and Road InitiativeFast forward to the 21st century and witness the revival of the Silk Road on a global scale. Delve into the ambitious Belt and Road Initiative, where nations are connected by vast infrastructure projects and economic cooperation. Explore the digital Silk Road, environmental sustainability, and the challenges and controversies surrounding this modern marvel.Whether you're a history enthusiast, a cultural explorer, or simply curious about the world's most famous trade network, the SILK ROAD CHRONICLES will take you on an unforgettable voyage through time and across continents. Grab this exclusive bundle today and embark on an adventure that will forever change the way you see the world. Don't miss out on this opportunity to own a piece of history - order now!

The fact that Jesus asks us to serve others to become great is in perfect harmony with personal development, entrepreneurship and corporate work. Serving others allows you to focus on the needs of others, develop qualities such as empathy, compassion, and generosity, and get to know yourself better. This can be done by creating a business that has a significant impact on people and the environment, working in a company and serving others in all aspects of life.In sum, the cross can be considered a powerful symbol of our journey on this earth. It teaches us to stay true to our life mission, to be open to helping others, to overcome challenges, and to find joy in service to others. By following these teachings, we can become more loving, wiser, and more accomplished human beings, and help make this world a better place for all.

This book investigates the economic organization of ancient societies from a comparative perspective. By pursuing an interdisciplinary approach, including contributions by archaeologists, historians of antiquity, economic historians as well as historians of economic thought, it studies various aspects of ancient economies, such as the material living conditions including production technologies, etc.; economic institutions such as markets and coinage; as well as the economic thinking of the time. In the process, it also explores the comparability of economic thought, economic institutions and economic systems in ancient history. Focusing on the Ancient Near East as well as the Mediterranean, including Greece and Rome, this comparative perspective makes it possible to identify historical permanencies, but also diverse forms of social and political organization and cultural systems. These institutions are then evaluated in terms of their capacity to solve economic problems, such as the efficient use of resources or political stability.  The first part of the book introduces readers to the methodological context of the comparative approach, including an evaluation of the related historiographical tradition. Subsequent parts discuss a range of development models, elements of economic thinking in ancient societies, the role of trade and globalization, and the use of monetary and financial instruments, as well as political aspects.

What made it possible for the human species to conquer the world, build a global digital economy, and still want more? What drives technological progress and economic growth in the long run and on a global scale? And how will technological progress, economic growth, and the overall prosperity of human civilization unfold in the future? This book sheds new light on these big questions by incorporating findings from physics, anthropology, psychology, history, philosophy, and computer science in a brand-new theory of economic growth. Looking back across the millennia, it identifies five major technological revolutions which have transformed humankind's capacity to process energy and information-the cognitive, agricultural, scientific, industrial, and digital revolutions-and characterizes the new avenues of economic development which they have opened while also exponentially accelerating growth.