Virksomhedsøkonomi

"Beyond Cash: The Evolution of Digital Payment Systems and the Future of Money" invites you on a captivating exploration of the transformative journey from traditional cash transactions to the digital realm. In this thought-provoking book, you'll uncover the historical roots, current innovations, and future implications of digital payment systems, as well as their profound impact on the concept of money.The book opens with an immersive introduction to the world of digital payments. Witness the rise of technology and its pivotal role in reshaping our financial landscape. Discover how the convenience, speed, and security of digital transactions have revolutionized the way we exchange value, transcending traditional limitations and opening doors to unprecedented possibilities.Structured to provide a comprehensive understanding, each chapter sheds light on a specific facet of digital payment systems. Chapter 1 embarks on a historical journey, tracing the origins and early developments of digital payments. From the emergence of credit cards to the advent of online banking, you'll witness the incremental steps that paved the way for the cashless society we inhabit today.In Chapter 2, you'll delve into the realm of mobile payments, exploring the transformative power of smartphones and mobile wallets. Discover how these innovations have transformed the way we pay, enabling seamless transactions at our fingertips. Uncover the potential of mobile payment ecosystems and the implications for businesses and consumers alike.Chapter 3 takes a closer look at the revolutionary impact of contactless payments and the integration of payment capabilities into everyday devices. Explore the intersection of payment technology and the Internet of Things (IoT), where smart devices seamlessly facilitate transactions, ushering in a new era of convenience and interconnectedness.In Chapter 4, peer-to-peer (P2P) payments take center stage. Delve into the world of digital wallets, payment apps, and blockchain-based solutions, witnessing the power of direct and instant transfers between individuals. Understand how P2P payments are reshaping financial interactions and challenging traditional banking models.Chapter 5 propels you into the realm of cryptocurrencies and decentralized finance. Unravel the potential of digital currencies such as Bitcoin and Ethereum, and grasp the revolutionary nature of blockchain technology. Explore the transformative impact of decentralized finance and the possibilities it holds for disrupting traditional financial systems.Chapter 6 uncovers the concept of Central Bank Digital Currencies (CBDCs) and their role in the future of money. Delve into the motivations, challenges, and potential implications of CBDCs, as central banks explore digital alternatives to physical cash. Gain insights into the potential benefits and concerns associated with this emerging form of digital currency.The book concludes with Chapter 7, where you'll gaze into the horizon of the future of money. Explore the impact of emerging technologies, such as artificial intelligence, biometrics, and quantum computing, on the evolution of digital payment systems. Reflect on the societal, economic, and regulatory challenges that lie ahead and envision a future where money is redefined in the digital age."Beyond Cash: The Evolution of Digital Payment Systems and the Future of Money" is your essential guide to understanding the transformative journey from cash to digital payments. Whether you're a curious observer, a technophile, or a financial professional, this book equips you with the knowledge to navigate the complexities of digital payment systems and prepare for the future of money. Embark on this enlightening journey and discover the limitless possibilities that lie beyond cash.

Start-ups are emerging, non-conventional enterprises that enter established markets with radically different products, displace incumbents, create new markets, and promote economic growth through innovation. Start-ups are often faced with many challenges that may threaten their survival, which can often be overcome by securing steady financial support. Start-ups are high-risk enterprises that are unattractive to conventional financiers, but absolutely suited to private equity (PE) and venture capital (VC) investors who seek rewards and are therefore willing to accept risk. The success stories of global digital platform start-ups have attracted PE investors in particular. When investing in a digital platform start-up in Germany, what criteria do PE and VC investors look for? How should entrepreneurs prepare for VC funding? What strategies should they use? The authors examine these questions in this book and provide a comprehensive analysis of the German start-up, digital platform, PE, and VC ecosystems. The book exposes entrepreneurs, investors, mergers and acquisitions experts, regulators and policy-makers to the market's workings and pain points so that they can help create a German start-up ecosystem that is as functional as the other organized industries.

Dieses Buch bietet eine lebendige Reise durch die Ideengeschichte um den "Höhepunkt der Steuerkunst des liberalen Bürgertums", die Einkommensteuer. Fachkundig und engagiert beschreibt Reiner Sahm die Ursprünge dieser "Königin der Steuern" sowie ihr wechselhaftes Schicksal in den Steuersystemen von den napoleonischen Kriegen bis zum preußischen Erbe mit besonderem Augenmerk auf dem Durchbruch dieser Idee ab Mitte des 19. Jahrhunderts. Angesichts der heutigen Flut der sich ständig erneuernden Steuervorschriften mündet die empfehlenswerte Darstellung in den Appell, der "Königin" ihre verlorene Krone, die Gerechtigkeit, unbedingt zurückzugeben.

Übergreifendes Ziel dieser Arbeit ist es, die Professionalisierung von Investor Relations (IR) in börsennotierten KMU in Deutschland zu erforschen sowie zu ihrer zukünftigen Etablierung in den Unternehmen beizutragen. Zu diesem Zweck analysiert die Autorin theoretisch und empirisch gestützt die unterschiedlichen Bedürfnisse der relevanten Bezugsgruppen für IR. Daraufhin untersucht und priorisiert sie verpflichtende und freiwillige Kommunikationsmaßnahmen für die Bezugsgruppen. Basierend auf diesen Erkenntnissen leistet die Arbeit einen Beitrag zur Professionalisierung der IR-Kommunikation u.a. durch Erstellung eines Anforderungskatalogs und Ableitung konkreter Handlungsempfehlungen für börsennotierte KMU in Deutschland.

This book aims to fill the literature gap on digital instruments and FinTech in enhancing green finance. Technological innovation can increase transparency, accountability, and speed, decentralize the financial system, improve risk management, increase competition, lower costs, improve efficiency, increase cross-sectoral collaboration and integration, and scale up green finance. Artificial intelligence (AI), distributed ledger technologies (DLT) or blockchain, peer-to-peer lending platforms, big data,  Internet-based and mobile-based payment platforms, Internet of Things (IoT), matchmaking platforms including crowdlending, tokenizing green assets are potential means to scale up the green finance for achieving the SDGs. The COVID-19 pandemic, the economic downturns, and the uncertainties shrank the new investments in renewable energy projects globally. Low investment in renewable energy projects could threaten the expansion of green energy needed to provide energy security and meet SDG7 and SDG13. Investments in renewable energy projects are scarce because of several risks and a low rate of return. Although several new green financing solutions such as green bonds, green banks, green credit guarantee, carbon taxation, carbon trade, village funds, and community trust funds have been established in different countries, these are insufficient, and alternative ways to finance projects are required. The book provides several high-quality studies on utilizing digitalization, FinTech, financial innovations, and other new technologies to fill the finance gap of green projects to meet the SDG goals. The chapters are written by scholars in diverse countries and regions and include practical policy recommendations.

In 1975, the U.S. Securities Acts Amendments were enacted by Congress, which amongst other measures, officially mandated development of a National Market System (NMS). Since that time, the competitive map has been redrawn, technological changes have been huge and pervasive in scope, and the landscape is ever-changing. This book looks at the evolution of NMS and the factors that have influenced it since its development. Titled after the Baruch College Financial Markets Conference, 40 Years of Experience with the National Market System (NMS): Who Are the Winners and What Have We Learned, the book examines the following questions: What is liquidity and how is it best measured and provided? Has NMS-Induced competition delivered? What is technology's challenge to regulators? Are fair and level playing fields a good regulatory goal? What is the buyside's view?The Zicklin School of Business Financial Markets Series presents the insights emerging from a sequence of conferences hosted by the Zicklin School at Baruch College for industry professionals, regulators, and scholars. The transcripts from the conferences are edited for clarity, perspective and context; material and comments from subsequent interviews with the panelists and speakers are integrated for a complete thematic presentation. Each book is focused on a well delineated topic, but all deliver broader insights into the quality and efficiency of the U.S. equity markets and the dynamic forces changing them.

Since the 2008 Global Financial Crisis the prevailing economic development model based on an assumption of unlimited resources and, therefore, unlimited growth has been increasingly put into question by academics, policy-making agencies and even industry leaders themselves. Climate change, general environmental and natural resource degradation, widespread inequalities, and systemic governance failures are pressing capitalism to renew itself to deliver sustainable outcomes for a broader base of stakeholders. This has become known in more practical terms as the ESG (Environmental, Social and Governance) and responsible investment movements. The pressure to change how we organise ourselves as societies and economies has implications for how large and small corporations, public or private, are governed and to the benefit of whom. This Handbook offers a rare combination of pluralistic and multidisciplinary perspectives from law, economics, finance and management, as well as an interesting mix of latest academic thinking and practical recommendations on ESG for boards and executive teams.Should companies be governed and managed for the benefit of their shareholders alone? Can companies be governed to deliver for shareholders as well as the broader stakeholder base? How can investors allocate capital to advance sustainability? Part I provides a pluralistic discussion of some of these fundamental questions besetting academics and practitioners alike while Part II examines recent regulatory developments and assesses what may need to change in terms of law and regulation to both hold companies to account for sustainability while enabling them to continue to provide vital goods and services. Part III of the book discusses how the different types of companies and investors are currently facing the sustainability imperative and incorporating ESG factors on how they operate and invest. The concluding chapter provides an overview of the key regulatory, ecosystem andboard-level gaps that require urgent and decisive action.

Dieses Buch fokussiert auf die Liquiditätsplanung, die die zukunftssichere und wirtschaftliche Fortführung eines Unternehmens und seine Zahlungsfähigkeit an erste Stelle stellt. Es widmet sich einer möglichst prognosegenauen Abbildung der zukünftigen Zahlungsströme des laufenden operativen Geschäftsmodells. Aufgrund der Zusammenführung von Planungsrechnungen, rechtlichen Vereinbarungen des Debitoren- und Kreditorenmanagements und Prognoseverfahren ist der Liquiditätsplan im Planungsuniversum einzigartig und sichert bei konsequenter und richtiger Anwendung die Unternehmensexistenz. Ziel dieses Praxisleitfadens ist ein konzeptionell stringentes und gleichzeitig praktisch orientiertes Planungsmodell, das mit einer beherrschbaren Toleranz Aufschluss über die Entwicklung der Liquidität des Unternehmens gibt ¿ sowohl dem Management als auch den Finanzverantwortlichen ¿, um es erfolgreich in die Zukunft zu führen.

Inspiring and Indomitable. In this, his epic biography, Dr. Felix Glaubach takes the reader on the ride of a lifetime. From the streets of his Depression-era boyhood Borough Park home to his exploits as a teenage stock trader, you will discover why ,in so many ways, Dr. Glaubach's life seemed to be "Touched by an Angel." Leaving a thriving practice as an "Orthodox Orthodontist," Felix co-founded a home health care business with only three patients-two of whom promptly passed away. From such humble beginnings, and with his lifelong companion, Miriam, by his side, he built Personal Touch into a major industry force with operations in 13 states. In Touched by an Angel you will learn about Shevet Glaubach, Felix and Miriam's growing tribe that is the source of their greatest joy. You will discover Felix's penchant for flamboyant bowties and a candid confession about his taste for toupees. And of course, you will explore Felix's major passion, the creation of one of the world's premier collections of Judaica art known as Mishkan Glaubach. Sitting at the core of Felix Glaubach's being is his unflagging devotion to Judaism and true Torah tradition. It is for this reason that after completing Felix's uplifting-and at times hilarious-life journey, you may very well feel as though you too have been Touched by an Angel.

This textbook provides a comprehensive introduction to portfolio management and investments. Focusing on four core areas ¿ portfolio management, equities, bonds, and derivatives ¿ it is primarily intended for undergraduate and graduate students alike. However, it will also benefit practitioners working in the fields of financial analysis and portfolio management and professionals who aspire to such professional activities in the financial industry. To ensure its high practical relevance, the book includes a host of case studies and examples from real-world practice, mainly from the German and Swiss financial markets. Additionally, the book shows how to implement the models in Microsoft Excel.

This book discusses how taxation can contribute to a sustainable economic development. It analyses the role and functions of taxes and tax audits with special focus on sustainable development, considering not only the fiscal functions of taxes but also their economic, social, and environmental effects. The book sheds light on the impact of corporate social responsibility (CSR) on taxation and discusses principles of good governance in tax administration. The author also analyses the preconditions and indicators for cross-border tax fraud and the possibilities for counteraction. Furthermore, the book examines tax reliefs and rates, and how the different types of taxation ¿ flat, progressive, and regressive taxes, can impact economic, social, and environmental development. In the last section, the author discusses how to achieve economic, social, and environmental effects through taxation. This book will appeal not only to academics working in this field, but also to practitioners whowould like in-depth insights into these topics.

Do you want to know how to integrate environmental, social, and governance (ESG) data into business valuation? This book will help you do so step-by-step.The book primarily aims at reaching two types of audiences: practitioners and students in finance (graduate and undergraduate level). Practitioners in finance will find interest in the book, as it will give them access to academic knowledge in a format that suits them. Academic research has made substantial advances in the field of business valuation and ESG. The book intends to transform this knowledge into practical and rigorous methodologies for taking ESG into account when valuing a company. Graduate and undergraduate courses have recently developed in business schools, universities, and engineering schools. These courses usually directly refer to academic articles or valuation companies' website documentation, but not to academic books. Therefore, the book will allow students to have access to centralized and organized information about business valuation and ESG.Readers without prior knowledge of business valuation will be guided through the ESG integration process. They will first be introduced to the concept of value and the reasons for incorporating ESG into the value. They will then learn simple financial methods to value firms and see step-by-step use cases. For instance, the reader will learn how to value a firm in the renewable energy sector using cash flow and multiple valuation methods. After building knowledge of standard business valuation, readers will better understand ESG data and ratings. The reader will then learn how to integrate ESG into business valuation using cash flow and multiples approaches. Again, the reader will be able to replicate these methods as the book will provide practical cases for integrating ESG data in business valuation. Finally, for the readers that intend to go a bit further, they will learn about the academic research advances in ESG and businessvaluation.

Digital transformation has companies firmly in its grip. Digitalization has a multidimensional impact on the mangagement accounting function and is changing mangagement accounting processes, controlling methods and the role of the mangagement accountant. This edited work shows how the opportunities of digitalization can be used in a way that adds value to the mangagement accounting function. The authors describe individual dimensions of digitalization in mangagement accounting and convey the necessary fundamentals and concepts. Use cases from controlling practice complement the theoretical foundations and show cross-industry approaches to solutions.

This Pivot book focuses on both the essentials of asset management and current industry trends, specifically the development from an active management approach to a focus on ESG investments. The first part of the book outlines the dynamics that have traditionally characterised the asset management industry, including the distinction between active and passive portfolio management, the emergence of Exchange Traded Funds (EFTs) which have dominated portfolio allocation over the last 25 years, and the growth of the factor investing approach. It then explores how ESG principles have evolved into a primary focus for investors over the last few years, and how the growing importance placed on the establishment of homogeneous ESG criteria across companies now involves investors and asset managers as well as regulators. The final section of the book considers climate finance as a new challenge for asset management, which insists on portfolio choices that aim to mitigate the effects of climate change. This book offers new perspectives on the academic debate around differing investment philosophies as well as offering an empirical analysis of ESG benchmarks used across the industry. It will be of interest to academics and practitioners in finance and banking broadly, including those working in climate finance, investment behaviour, and corporate governance.

This book provides a clear and concise explanation of withholding tax and how to leverage best practice to generate improved investment performance. It gives practical guidance to financial service firms and investors to help them understand the issues involved, trends and practicalities of maximizing returns on investment.Most of the $200 billion of withholding tax lost by investors annually is due to lack of awareness and not asking the right questions of their brokers and custodian banks. Financial institutions are also increasingly being held to a higher standard by investors for provision of withholding tax services because of the impact it can have on portfolio performance. This book seeks to raise awareness of the issues and provide more detail about how the system works and what challenges and changes readers should expect in the future.

Under the pressure of climate and social changes, agriculture is called to play a fundamental role in the world food challenge of the next few decades. A severe reduction of arable land and water scarcity combined with a growing food demand, changes in the dietary preferences in many countries and, more recently, a growing threat to food security and logistics from supply chains interruptions and global trade fragmentation, all require the implementation of processes, techniques, and innovations able to increase productivity and make a better use of scarce resources.Against this backdrop, a growing number of investors and asset managers have started looking at agriculture as an interesting investment theme to exploit the long-term strategic opportunities emerging from technological innovation and social changes. The industry is undergoing a process of transformation driven, on the one hand, by the emergence of new data and technologies that promise enhancing process efficiency and improve yields and, on the other hand, by an increased attention on the GHG emissions of agricultural processes and the impact of farmland on climate change, water and land scarcity. All these factors call for a radical rethinking of many agriculture business models. This book provides a detailed overview and analysis of those new technologies with the greatest potential to disrupt agriculture products and processes by improving productivity and the management of food loss and waste, making a more efficient and sustainable use of resources and enhancing food security. Then, it discusses the implications for investors and asset managers, starting with an assessment of the status quo of agriculture investing and providing a thorough description of the agriculture asset class with an emphasis on its distinctive characteristics and the innovations in the technological processes used in agriculture and farming with the greatest potential to obtain long-term sustainable returns.

The book compiles a comprehensive set of case of studies in business and accounting from the MENA region. These case studies consist of practical research studies with strong theoretical foundations. Hence, the book is a guide to the industries in various sectors regarding the best practices for efficient business and accounting management. In addition, the book will serve as an important teaching reference for business and accounting courses in the MENA region.

Durch staatliche Förderung (EEG) und stetige Verbesserungen im Wirkungsgrad von Solaranlagen wird diese Form der Energiegewinnung immer attraktiver. Neben der Förderung gilt es, die steuerrechtlichen Vorteile optimal zu nutzen. Das Werk gibt dazu einen praxisnahen Leitfaden.Die 4. Auflage berücksichtigt die zahlreichen Änderungen, die bei der Förderung einer Photovoltaikanlage durch das EEG eingetreten sind. Daraus ergeben sich auch umfangreiche Auswirkungen auf die Besteuerung einer Photovoltaikanlage. Zudem hat die Rechtsprechung bisher noch offene Punkte geklärt.

This book provides a comprehensive overview of the implications of tax avoidance for a firm¿s capital structure, highlighting the key role played by free cash flow and agency conflicts. First, the book provides an outline of the theories and empirical evidence concerning the role of taxes in the Theory of Capital Structure. It reviews the studies investigating the relationship between agency conflicts and capital structure. The book explores the role of free cash flow and agency conflicts in the relationship between tax avoidance and capital structure. In the final section, the results of an empirical investigation conducted on a sample of U.S. public firms are also presented. The empirical research examines whether and how tax avoidance is associated with debt covenant violation across the stages of the corporate life cycle. Specifically, the research uses the concept of the corporate life cycle stage to analyse whether and how the association between tax avoidance and debt covenant violation varies in different agency settings. Consistent with the hypotheses drawn on the Agency Theory, the findings of the empirical research suggest life cycle stages moderate the association between tax avoidance and debt covenant violation. Overall, this book sheds light on the potential implications of tax avoidance activities for a firm¿s capital structure. The book will be of interest to both experienced and early-stage scholars interested in the topic. Moreover, the book will also be of interest to policymakers, investors, analysts, lenders, and other market participants.

Becoming a startup founder or investor may seem glamorous, but the field is surrounded by misconceptions. As a high-risk industry, venture capital often suffers from too much hype and too few results-and in order to succeed, understanding the principles of both investing and startup building is essential.Fortunately, angel investor, founder of VC firm AltalR Capital and author Igor Ryabenkiy offers a path forward in Adventures in Venture Capital, a comprehensive guide to help investors and founders alike avoid common pitfalls and achieve explosive growth in the startup world.Drawing on Ryabenkiy's years of experience both growing and exiting successful tech businesses, Adventures in Venture Capital uses real examples to help readers navigate the startup world, and to ensure that their investments result in desired returns rather than dashed expectations. With hard-won wisdom for both angel investors about to get their wings and startup CEOs heading into financing rounds, Adventures in Venture Capital answers common questions facing those in today's VC landscape, including: -How to identify future unicorns as early as possible-Which founders to support (and which to keep at arm's length)-What strategies work best to balance growth and productivity-How CEOs and founders can pitch to get investors interested-Why having competitors in a new market is actually a good thingAnd much more.With sharp humor and incisive analysis, Ryabenkiy shares just how he's been able to become a successful investor across industries, language barriers and continents. For anyone hoping to set sail into the startup world, Adventures in Venture Capital is both a compass and a life raft.

This book continues the discussion of the effects of artificial intelligence in terms of economics and finance. In particular, the book focuses on the effects of the change in the structure of financial markets, institutions and central banks, along with digitalization analyzed based on fintech ecosystems. In addition to finance sectors, other sectors, such as health, logistics, and industry 4.0, all of which are undergoing an artificial intelligence induced rapid transformation, are addressed in this book.Readers will receive an understanding of an integrated approach towards the use of artificial intelligence across various industries and disciplines with a vision to address the strategic issues and priorities in the dynamic business environment in order to facilitate decision-making processes. Economists, board members of central banks, bankers, financial analysts, regulatory authorities, accounting and finance professionals, chief executive officers, chief audit officers and chief financial officers, chief financial officers, as well as business and management academic researchers, will benefit from reading this book.