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This collection of essays provides a rich and contemporary discussion of the principle of pacta sunt servanda. This principle, which requires that valid agreements are to be honoured, is a cornerstone of contract law.

This collection of essays provides a rich and contemporary discussion of the principle of pacta sunt servanda. This principle, which requires that valid agreements are to be honoured, is a cornerstone of contract law. Focusing on contributions from Asia, this book shows that, despite its natural and universal appeal, the pacta sunt servanda principle is neither absolute nor immutable. Exceptions to the binding force of contract must be available in limited circumstances to avoid hardship and unfairness.This book offers readers new comparative perspectives on the appropriate balance between contractual certainty and flexibility in an era of social instability. Expert authors, mostly from East and Southeast Asia, explore when their domestic legal systems allow exceptions from the binding force of contracts. Doctrines discussed include impossibility, frustration, change of circumstance, force majeure, illegality as well as rights of withdrawal. Other chapters consider the importance of the pacta principle in international law. The challenges posed by the COVID-19 pandemic feature strongly in the majority of contributions.

"From 2005 to 2013, Durrani performed unnecessary spine surgeries on unsuspecting victims in Cincinnati, Ohio hospitals. The hospitals knew he performed these unnecessary procedures, but they craved the money Durrani generated. Durrani's insurance company, Medical Protective, refused to pay the victims. Eric Deters fought and continues to fight an epic battle unlike any other in the history of American law. The Ohio court system, led by the corrupt Chief Justice Maureen O'Connor, refused to provide the victims timely trials. The Kentucky Bar Association and Ohio Disciplinary System would do all they could to aide Durrani by assailing Eric Deters at every turn. This saga covers a thousand victims and a thousand anecdotes including the following: A federal grand jury indicted Durrani for healthcare fraud. Rather than face a federal jury, Durrani fled the United States to Pakistan. Seventy-nine men and women died waiting for their trials. More will sadly follow. Deters Law won a record number of verdicts, including the largest in Ohio history for a medical malpractice case. During this battle, Eric Deters was suspended, retired, went broke, served time in jail for contempt fighting for trials, was banned from the courtroom, banned from the courthouse, considered suicide out of spite and frustration, fought two state bar associations, betrayed by friends and family, including his father, his brother and the Hamilton County Prosecutor, had the IRS criminal division sent after him, almost lost his arm and nearly died from a staph infection, and yet kept the trust of 580 clients, financed the battle by borrowing and paying back millions and to this day he still stands. In the history of American law, no group of citizens in America have suffered more incomprehensible injustice than the Durrani victims. This is their true story."--Book jacket.

This book presents a comprehensive assessment of anti-cartel enforcement and investigative procedures in India. It makes the case for enhanced sanctions for Cartel Conduct in India. It assesses the effectiveness of anti-cartel enforcement of the Competition Commission of India (CCI) and explores its investigative procedures.

Alix Adams Law for Business Students is popular for explaining the law in a jargon-free, engaging style and exploring the law firmly within the business world in which it operates using real life examples.

This book explores the interaction between the EU and international investment law, both at the internal level, namely within the EU internal market, and at the external level, i.e. in the context of its relations with third States. The joint treatment of these dimensions reveals that the EU has assumed an ostensibly ambivalent attitude towards international investment law. At the internal level, it has consistently asserted that intra-EU international investment agreements (IIAs) are not compatible with EU law and advocated their termination. At the external level, by contrast, it has eagerly deployed IIAs to develop its post-Lisbon international investment policy. The book finds that beneath this apparent ambivalence towards international investment law ultimately lies the EU's attempt to impose, both internally and externally, its own original model of regulation of cross-border investment. It then argues that the EU adopted this approach with a view to supporting its internal market, enhancing its external influence, and, ultimately, pursuing long-term 'federal aspirations'. Finally, the book identifies the legal and political obstacles that have curtailed the EU's efforts at both the internal and the external level.

Maritime Admin regulations cover policies, practices and procedures, maritime carriers, subsidized vessels, vessel financing assistance, emergency operations, training, and ports. Also holds the responsibility for maritime carriers, terminals, tariffs, domestic offshore commerce, and foreign commerce.

An indispensable guide to the CAA and EASA PPL and LAPL Air Law Theoretical Knowledge requirements and written examination.The Air Law Revision Guide starts with a revision section covering all the essential knowledge required to pass the CAA or EASA PPL or LAPL Air Law Theoretical Knowledge examination. This essential knowledge revision section is a unique feature of AFE Revision Guides, allowing the user to consolidate and update their knowledge before attempting the sample exam papers.The essential knowledge revision section is followed by four practice examination papers, each set out in the style of the UK CAA written examination, with a representative number of questions, time limits, question style and subject coverage.The practice exam papers are followed by the explanation sections, in which the correct answer for each question is given, together with a fully worked explanation of why the given answer is correct and (where appropriate) how it is calculated. For each question, a reference is also given to the AFE Aeronautical Knowledge - Air Law manual for further study if required.Based on the best-selling ''PPL Question and Answer'' books which have helped tens of thousands of pilots through their written exams, this revised edition of the CAA and EASA Air Law Revision Guide series is the only up-to-date publication for a pilot studying for the current UK CAA written examination for PPL and LAPL Air Law and incorporates the most recent changes to that examination.The 2021 edition of the EASA PPL Air Law Revision Guide has been fully updated and revised to incorporate the most recent changes to the written examinations.

This book assesses stability guarantees through the lens of the legitimate expectations principle to offer a new perspective on the stability concept in international energy investments. The analysis of the interaction between the concepts of stability and legitimate expectations reveals that there are now more opportunities for energy investors to argue their cases before arbitral tribunals. The book offers detailed analyses of the latest energy investment arbitral awards from Spain, Italy and the Czech Republic, and reflects on the state of the art of the legitimate expectations debate and its relationship with the stability concept. The author argues that, in order to achieve stability, the legitimate expectations principle should be employed as the main investment protection tool when a dispute arises on account of unilateral host state alterations. This timely work will be useful to both scholars and practitioners who are interested in international energy law, investment treaty arbitration, and international investment law.

Hurry up and get YOUR copy NOW❗ Mastering Essential Legal Terms Explained About LAW ON COMMERCE❗With a clear, concise, and engaging writing style, Dr. Peter Johnson will help you with a practical understanding of commercial law topics about international purchase and sale of goods, delivery of goods, place of delivery of goods, time limit for delivery of goods, obligation to provide warranty for goods, payment, suspension of payment for goods, time limit for payment, receipt of goods, the goods exchange, service contracts, sale promotion, commercial advertising, trade fairs and exhibitions, commercial brokerage, mandatories, mandators, mandated goods, mandate contracts, logistic services, transit of goods, commercial franchise, cancellation of contracts and much much more. This book delivers extensive coverage of every aspect of the law and details the duties a paralegal is expected to perform when working within law on commerce. High-level, comprehensive coverage is combined with cutting-edge developments and foundational concepts. As the author of the book, I promise this book will be an invaluable source of legal reference for professionals, international lawyers, law students, business professionals and anyone else who want to improve their use of legal terminology, succinct clarification of legal terms and have a better understanding of law on lawyers. All legal terms and phrases are well written and explained clearly in plain English.Here is a preview of exactly what you will learn: TradersCommercial AssociationsInternational Purchase And Sale Of GoodsPlace Of Delivery Of GoodsResponsibilities Upon Delivery Of Goods Where Carriers Are InvolvedTime Limit For Delivery Of GoodsDelivery Of Goods Before The Agreed TimeLiability For Goods Which Are Not Appropriate To ContractsObligation To Provide Warranty For GoodsPaymentPurchase And Sale Of Goods Though The Goods ExchangeForms Of Service ContractsSale PromotionProhibited Acts In Sale Promotion ActivitiesCommercial AdvertisingProhibited Commercial AdvertisementsTrade Fairs And ExhibitionsCommercial BrokerageMandatoriesMandatorsMandated GoodsMandate ContractsSub-Mandate To A Third PartyLogistic ServicesTransit Of GoodsAssessment ServicesCriteria Of AssessorsAssessment CertificatesLease Of GoodsRejection Of GoodsSub-LeaseCommercial FranchiseFine LevelDamagesGrounds For Liability To Pay DamagesCancellation Of ContractsActs Of Violation Of Commercial LawAnd Much Much More! .............................Don't delay any more seconds, scroll back up, DOWNLOAD your copy NOW for only $2.99 and start the journey of mastering essential legal terms explained about Law on Commerce TODAY!Tags: commercial law, q&a commercial law, legal terminology and phrases, legal dictionary, commercial law handbook, commercial law for dummies, learning commercial law, international commercial law, legal vocabulary. comprehensive commercial law, law vocabulary, commercial law examples and explanations, commercial law for business and accounting, business law commercial law, commercial law cases, legal terms for dummies, legal words you should know

This dictionary comes from the need that exists in the field of business, banking and the stock market and the world of law in general, due to the development process experienced by the world economy, which has led us to be increasingly connected with international markets.Similarly, the European and world situation is demanding our entrepreneurs seek-ing new markets and enhancing them.Moreover, the expansion of our current economy and the living standards achieved force our entrepreneurs and investors to a greater effort to keep up in the usual terminology in member countries of the European Community and to have on hand and in a single volume the most common terms of law, economics, banking, and the stock, in English and Italian, languages widely used in the busi-ness world.We have made available to the translator and lawyers and employees of the Bank and the Stock Exchange a dictionary with over 15,000 words and phrases.The rapid evolution and progress of business skills are the foundation of the economy necessitates a reference work rapidly to facilitate the words and terms used in the two languages.Therefore this work wants to be an item for conceptual clarification and precision of the large and increasingly numerous terminology used in daily practice

Part of Macmillan's series of law books, this text is intended for law undergraduates. It provides an introduction to conveyancing and the laws which apply to it. Other titles in the series include "Basic English Law", "Company Accounts", "Criminal Law" and "Personnel Administration".

This classic text, first published in 1990, is designed to introduce law students, law teachers, practitioners, and judges to the basic ideas of mathematical probability and statistics as they have been applied in the law. The third edition includes over twenty new sections, including the addition of timely topics, like New York City police stops, exonerations in death-sentence cases, projecting airline costs, and new material on various statistical techniques such as the randomized response survey technique, rare-events meta-analysis, competing risks, and negative binomial regression. The book consists of sections of exposition followed by real-world cases and case studies in which statistical data have played a role. The reader is asked to apply the theory to the facts, to calculate results (a hand calculator is sufficient), and to explore legal issues raised by quantitative findings. The authors' calculations and comments are given in the back of the book. As with previous editions, the cases and case studies reflect a broad variety of legal subjects, including antidiscrimination, mass torts, taxation, school finance, identification evidence, preventive detention, handwriting disputes, voting, environmental protection, antitrust, sampling for insurance audits, and the death penalty. A chapter on epidemiology was added in the second edition. In 1991, the first edition was selected by the University of Michigan Law Review as one of the important law books of the year.

Das Gesetz über die unternehmerischen Sorgfaltspflichten zur Vermeidung von Menschenrechtsverletzungen in Lieferketten (Lieferkettensorgfaltspflichtengesetz) setzt neue Maßstäbe im deutschen Recht. Es nimmt einheimische Unternehmen in die Pflicht, gegen Menschenrechtsverletzungen in aller Welt einzuschreiten. Diese weitreichende Compliancepflicht stellt hohe Anforderungen an die Unternehmens- und Beratungspraxis. Der Kommentar will der Praxis verlässlich zur Hand gehen und den wissenschaftlichen Diskurs vorantreiben. Dazu hat sich ein Team profilierter Experten aus Wissenschaft und Praxis des Unternehmensrechts gebildet. Der Kommentar entschlüsselt die Dogmatik des Gesetzes und analysiert die bestehenden Haftungsrisiken.

Rev. and updated ed. of: Nautical rules of the road: the international and inland rules / B.A. Farnsworth, Larry C. Young. 3rd ed. 1990.

Studienarbeit aus dem Jahr 2015 im Fachbereich Jura - Zivilrecht / Handelsrecht, Gesellschaftsrecht, Kartellrecht, Wirtschaftsrecht, Note: 2,7, Ostfalia Hochschule für angewandte Wissenschaften Fachhochschule Braunschweig/Wolfenbüttel (Recht), Sprache: Deutsch, Abstract: Diese Arbeit soll einen Überblick zu den nichttarifären Handelshemmnissen geben und aufzeigen inwieweit der europäische Binnenmarkt von ihnen betroffen ist. Darüber hinaus wird aufgezeigt wie die Rechtsprechung des EuGH zur Entwicklung der nichttarifären Handelshemmnisse (im folgenden NTH genannt) beigetragen hat. Abschließend erfolgen eine Einordnung in das europäische Rechtskonstrukt sowie ein Ausblick weiterer möglicher wirtschaftlicher Angleichungen über die Grenzen der EU hinaus.Mit dem Ziel den europäischen Binnenmarkt weitgehend zu harmonisieren und wirtschaftlich anzugleichen wurden alle Zollkontingente und Abgaben für importierte Waren innerhalb der EU abgeschafft. Trotz des Abbaus von Zöllen innerhalb des EU-Binnenmarkts wurde der freie Warenverkehr weiterhin behindert. Zusammenfassen lassen sich diese Handelsbeschränkungen als NTH, welchen eine stetig größer werdende Bedeutung beigemessen wurde. Eines der Ziele der Europäischen Union war es stets, den Binnenmarkt zu harmonisieren und die wirtschaftspolitischen und rechtlichen Grundvoraussetzungen zwischen den Ländern der EU anzugleichen. Die Folgen einer solchen Angleichung zeigten sich in einer ausgewogenen und nachhaltigen Entwicklung des wirtschaftlichen Geschehens, dem nichtinflationären Wachstum sowie einem hohen Grad von Wettbewerbsfähigkeit der einzelnen Mitgliedstaaten. Um die Solidarität innerhalb der EU zu stärken und die Mitgliedstaaten weiter aneinander zu führen, zeigten sich die NTH¿s als mögliches Problem dieser Entwicklung.Durch die konstante und zielgerichtete Zusammenarbeit der EU-Mitgliedstaaten über die vergangenen Jahrzehnte ergaben sich weitreichende Rechtsangleichungen und wirtschaftliche Harmonisierungen. Dazu hat u. a. das Cassis-de-Dijon-Urteil aus dem Jahr 1979 maßgeblich beigetragen. Neben dieser Entscheidung des EuGH wurden weiter Urteile gesprochen um der Entwicklung nichttarifärer Handelshemmnisse entgegen zu treten. Neben der Diskriminierung von Staaten und Marktteilnehmern in wirtschaftlicher Hinsicht, können nichttarifäre Handelshemmnisse ebenfalls als Sicherung der eigenen Wirtschaft dienen. Insbesondere im Hinblick auf den Schutz und der Sicherung des Allgemeinwohls der Bevölkerung. Demnach können NTH¿s aus der Sicht des Verbraucherschutzes durchaus nützlich sein. Die vollkommene Abschaffung von NTH¿s innerhalb der EU ist demzufolge bis heute nicht erfolgt.

This book provides an innovative insight into the regulatory conundrum of genetically modified organisms (GMOs), deploying transnational legal analysis as a methodological framework to explore the most controversial area of risk governance. The book deconstructs hegemonic and counter-hegemonic transnational narratives on the governance of GMO risks, cutting across US law, EU law, the WTO Agreement on Sanitary and Phytosanitary Measures, and hybrid standard-setting regimes. Should uncertain risks be run unless adverse effects have been conclusively established, and should regulators only act where this is cost-benefit effective? Should risk managers make a convincing case that a product or process is safe enough for the relevant uncertain risks to be socially acceptable? How can intractable transnational regulatory conflicts be solved? The book complements a close analysis of regulatory frameworks and case law with a more encompassing perspective on the political, socio-economic and distributional implications of different approaches to the regulation of health and environmental risks at times of globalisation. The GMO deadlock thus becomes a lens through which to investigate the underlying value systems, goals, and impacts of transnational discourses on risk governance. Against this backdrop, the normative strand of analysis points to the limited ability of science and procedural deliberation to generate authentic agreement and to identify normatively legitimate solutions, in the absence of pre-existing shared perspectives.