Konkurrenceret og antitrustlovgivning

This open access book is the first to systematically explore competition policy in fintech markets. Drawing from the expertise of law scholars, economists, and social and natural scientists from the EU and the US, this edited collection explores the competitive dynamics, market organisation, and competition law application in fintech markets. It is the 17th volume in the Swedish Studies in European Law series.The eBook editions of this book are available open access under a CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 licence on bloomsburycollections.com. Open access was funded by the Swedish Network for European Legal Studies.

Le Dictionnaire de droit de la concurrence est le premier dictionnaire consacré au droit français et européen de la concurrence dans toute sa diversité et son étendue. Rédigé par des experts de la matière, universitaires et praticiens, ce Dictionnaire constitue un outil précieux pour comprendre l'ensemble du domaine du droit, de l'économie et de la politique de la concurrence. Au travers des 215 définitions de cette première édition, le lecteur pourra se familiariser avec les grands concepts qui font la richesse du droit de la concurrence. Résolument pratique, l'organisation de chaque définition permet plusieurs niveaux de lectures, rendant l'ouvrage accessible tant aux initiés qu'aux néophytes souhaitant découvrir les particularités de ce droit. Sous la direction de Muriel Chagny, Professeur ä l'Universite¿ de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines, et Emmanuel Combe, Professeur ä l'Universite¿ Paris I Panthe¿on-Sorbonne.

Ce premier ouvrage de la seconde édition des Grands arrêts du droit de la concurrence est consacré au droit des pratiques anticoncurrentielles et, plus particulièrement, aux règles de fond applicables en la matière. Après avoir traité de l'applicabilité de ces règles, l'ouvrage se concentre sur leur application en matière d'ententes (article 101 TFUE) et de position dominante (article 102 TFUE). Ce recueil réunit près d'une centaine de commentaires d'arrêts européens et nationaux rédigés par les auteurs contribuant à la revue Concurrences, sur une période qui s'étend de 2004 à 2022. Ce précieux outil s'adresse tant aux étudiants et universitaires qu'aux praticiens du droit de la concurrence.

This book provides the first comprehensive account of the New EU Competition Law: an emerging understanding of the discipline that breaks from the consensus that emerged in the early 2000s and that leads it into uncharted territories. Competition law has undergone fundamental transformations in the past decade: from the rise and fall of the 'effects-based approach' to the challenge of Big Tech and the growing interaction with intellectual property. Making sense of these changes and fully grasping their implications can be difficult. The book discusses the shift from traditional enforcement in the industrial era to the sort of regulatory intervention that a knowledge-based economy demands. It presents the changes that the field is undergoing (policy priorities, relationship with regulation and intangible assets, move away from efficiency and consumer welfare) and illustrates them by reference to the most significant developments in the field.The analysis includes an up-to-date evaluation of the Digital Markets Act and discusses the application of EU competition law to key areas, including energy, pharma, telecommunications, and online platforms. The companion website (https://www.bloomsburyonlineresources.com/the-new-eu-competition-law) provides access to the data behind the charts and tables included in the book, and gives readers the tools to investigate the latest developments in this fast-changing area.Conceived as a 'modular' book, practitioners and advanced students will find it useful as a map to navigate the underlying trends in the field and as an in-depth dissection of the key case law and administrative practice of the past decade.

This book explores the fundamental and inextricable relationship between regulation, intellectual property, competition laws, and public health in prescription drugs markets, examining their interconnections and the delicate balance between the various interests and policy goals at stake. Although pharmaceutical markets are heavily regulated and subject to close antitrust scrutiny, there is a constant requirement for existing rules and policies to tackle a number of persistent, complex issues. The variety of anticompetitive practices occurring in this sector, the worrying rise in drug prices, and major, far-reaching concerns over the accessibility of medicines are sources of frequent controversy in academic and policy debate. Understanding the unique features and dynamics of the pharmaceutical industry requires a tailored and multifaceted approach. The study is enhanced by the adoption of a comparative perspective, tracing convergence and divergence between EU and US systems through the analysis of relevant applicable rules, emblematic case studies, and policy choices. Pursuant to this rigorous approach, the book provides an original and thought-provoking critique of the challenges of regulating pharmaceutical markets.

This is the first book to examine the significance of European Union antitrust law for the future of sport in Europe.

The most important book on antitrust ever written. It shows how antitrust suits adversely affect the consumer by encouraging a costly form of protection for inefficient and uncompetitive small businesses.

This collection of essays represents the first in a series of two volumes that set out to reflect the state of the art of antitrust thinking in digital markets in jurisdictions around the world.The issues it tackles are many: the role of innovation, the conundrum of big data, the evolution of media markets, and the question of whether existing antitrust tools are sufficient to deal with the challenges of digital markets. Each author tackles the overarching themes from their unique national perspective. The resulting tapestry reflects the challenges and opportunities presented by the modern digital era, viewed through the lens of competition enforcement.

Essay from the year 2019 in the subject Law - Civil / Private / Trade / Anti Trust Law / Business Law, grade: 82.00, University College Cork, course: LLB, language: English, abstract: This paper is concerned with optimising the enforcement of European Union Competition Law against cartels participants.A critique of Directive 2014/104 and its main shortcomings will begin this paper. Investigation then launched into role of national competition authorities in the Union, arguing that enhanced member state cooperation and full transposition of draft Directive 2019/1 (ECN+) will deter cartel activity. Final point concerns individual liability against the company agents behind cartels, how corporate fines imposed by European Commission fail to deter individuals against continued cartel participation.

Master's Thesis from the year 2018 in the subject Economy - Theory of Competition, Competition Policy, grade: 1,0, University of Heidelberg (Alfred-Weber-Institut für Wirtschaftswissenschaften), language: English, abstract: In the thesis, the goal is to examine which determinants have life-shortening or lifeprolonging effects on cartel duration by considering an up-to-date record of 123 cartel cases convicted by European Commission. The main goal is firstly to replicate the analyses by Hellwig and Hüschelrath on cartel level and secondly to extend their analyses by incorporating new covariates related to either internal enforcement methods and demand volatility. The paper at hand is methodologically in line with previous literature since it uses several Cox proportional hazard specifications and evaluates the findings to different natural death definitions. Furthermore, it also provides nonparametric Kaplan-Meier survival estimates of all categorical variables and estimates time-varying covariates by a piecewise-constant exponential PH model.Over 28 billion Euro fines imposed by the European competition authority (ECA) in 135 decisions between 1990 and 2018, of which the majority took place after the turn of the millennial, underline that the fight against cartels is far from over. The anticompetitive practices of cartels can lead to increased consumer prices and remain an important point on the agenda of antitrust authorities. As a reaction, the competition policy of the ECA has undergone several changes in the last decades, most prominently observable by the introduction of the EU corporate leniency program in 1996 and its modification ten years later. Almost all of the current cartels are detected by leniency applications of one of their members because whistle blowing policies allow cartel members to get reductions in fines when they self-report the committed infringements. Before the implementation of these policies, the most crucial threat for internal cartel stability was strategic deviations from the cartel agreement (for example price cuts) by one of the cartel members to increase short-term profits. The risk of being undercut on the one hand and the risk of leniency applications on the other hand place today¿s cartel firms in a "between-life-and-death" situation in which persistence of the cartel is equally likely as its breakdown.

The most important book on antitrust ever written. It shows how antitrust suits adversely affect the consumer by encouraging a costly form of protection for inefficient and uncompetitive small businesses.

This book provides the first comprehensive account of the New EU Competition Law: an emerging understanding of the discipline that breaks from the consensus that emerged in the early 2000s and that leads it into uncharted territories. Competition law has undergone fundamental transformations in the past decade: from the rise and fall of the 'effects-based approach' to the challenge of Big Tech and the growing interaction with intellectual property. Making sense of these changes and fully grasping their implications can be difficult. The book discusses the shift from traditional enforcement in the industrial era to the sort of regulatory intervention that a knowledge-based economy demands. It presents the changes that the field is undergoing (policy priorities, relationship with regulation and intangible assets, move away from efficiency and consumer welfare) and illustrates them by reference to the most significant developments in the field.The analysis includes an up-to-date evaluation of the Digital Markets Act and discusses the application of EU competition law to key areas, including energy, pharma, telecommunications, and online platforms. The companion website (https://www.bloomsburyonlineresources.com/the-new-eu-competition-law) provides access to the data behind the charts and tables included in the book, and gives readers the tools to investigate the latest developments in this fast-changing area.Conceived as a 'modular' book, practitioners and advanced students will find it useful as a map to navigate the underlying trends in the field and as an in-depth dissection of the key case law and administrative practice of the past decade.

Das Werk kommentiert umfassend das gesamte UWG. Die dritte Auflage berücksichtigt das 2. UWG-Änderungsgesetz, das 2016 zentrale Vorschriften des UWG geändert hat. Bereits enthalten sind zudem alle Neuerungen durch das Gesetz zur Stärkung des fairen Wettbewerbs vom 10.9.2020, das umfangreiche Änderungen der §§ 8, 12-15 UWG vorsieht. Der Titel ist online im juris PartnerModul Gewerblicher Rechtsschutz/Urheberrecht.

Zum WerkIn der Praxis besteht großer Bedarf an einer eingehenden, mit Varianten versehenen Darstellung zu englischsprachigen Unternehmenskaufverträgen nach deutschem Recht, weil diese oft unter Beteiligung nicht deutschsprachiger Parteien oder Berater abgeschlossen werden, denen die rechtlichen Rahmenbedingungen und das Vertragswerk selbst erläutert und zugänglich gemacht werden müssen. Im vorliegenden Handbuch werden der Inhalt der englischen Vertragsbestimmungen sowie ihr Sinn und Zweck, die rechtlichen Grundlagen, einzelne wichtige Rechtsfragen sowie typische Fallfragen im Einzelnen dargestellt und in deutscher Sprache erläutert. Die Publikation bietet englischsprachige Vertragsmuster zum Unternehmenskauf.Inhalt- Share Purchase Agreement (einschließlich Kaufpreis-, Earn-out- und Vendor-loan-Klauseln, Abschlussbedingungen, Gewährleistungs- und Haftungsregelungen, Freistellungsklauseln etc.) in englischer Sprache mit Anmerkungen in deutscher Sprache- Sonderfragen bei Abschluss von Gewährleistungsversicherungen- Sonderfragen bei Kombinationen von Anteilskauf (Share deal) und einzelgegenständlicher Übertragung (Asset deal), insbesondere Aufstellung und Bewertung der Kaufgegenstände des Anlage- und des Vorratsvermögens, der Vertragsverhältnisse etc. (Asset delineation)- Closing Dokumente in englischer Sprache mit Anmerkungen in deutscher Sprache, z.B.- Bring Down Certificate- Share Transfer Deed- Loan Transfer Agreement- Cash Pool Termination Letter- Resignation Letter- Escrow Agreement- Closing Confirmation- Typische Nebenvereinbarungen, z.B.- Transition Service Agreement- Technical Support Agreement- Ausblick nach Europa: Erläuterung der Besonderheiten bei der Verwendung des Share Purchase Agreement in europäischen Jurisdiktionen (Frankreich, Italien, Niederlande, Österreich, Schweiz, Spanien)Vorteile auf einen Blick- umfassende, ausführlich erläuterte Formulierungsvorschläge nach deutschem Recht in englischer Sprache- Erläuterungen in deutscher Sprache erleichtern das Verständnis schwieriger Vertragsklauseln- hohe Praxisnähe- alle Vertragsmuster per Download erhältlichZur Neuauflage- Berücksichtigt die neue Rechtsprechung zu Unternehmenskaufverträgen- Enthält neue Textvorschläge- Enthält ein Kapitel über die sehr wichtig gewordenen GewährleistungsversicherungenZielgruppeFür Rechtsanwälte, Syndici, Wirtschaftsprüfer (besonders in sog. "Transaction Service Teams"), Investmentbanken, M&A-Berater, Unternehmensabteilungen für M&A/Corporate Development sowie Private-Equity-Unternehmen.

The legal framework is an essential instrument in modern rule-of-law societies for defining standards of societal life. Of course, ways of governance by law may vary between legal systems and cultures, but in the analysis of legal governance instruments, the interplay between substantive standards and their procedural enforcement is always of central importance. In the pursuit of certain political or social goals, a legal system is basically faced with two options: the exertion of influence on the behaviour of its citizens either by means of preventive or of reactive instruments. The relationship of these two regulatory tools is a key element for the analysis and understanding of a legal system. With contributions by:Alexander Bruns, Maximilian Haedicke, Shiho Kato, Sebastian Krebber, Julia Caroline Scherpe, Masabumi Suzuki, Stefan Thönissen, Alisher Umirdinov, Jan von Hein, Miyuki Watanabe, Roman Würtenberger, Dai Yokomizo, Tomohiro Yoshimasa

Den 27. december 2016 trådte lov nr. 1541 af 13. december 2016 om behandling af erstatningssager vedrørende overtrædelser af konkurrenceretten – Konkurrenceerstatningsloven – i kraft. Loven finder anvendelse på det stigende antal erstatningssager om konkurrenceretsovertrædelser, som anlægges ved danske domstole. Dele af loven gælder også for sager, der var anlagt på ikrafttrædelsestidspunktet. Konkurrenceerstatningsloven gennemfører Europa-Parlamentets og Rådets direktiv 2014/104 om visse regler for søgsmål i henhold til national ret angående erstatning for overtrædelser af bestemmelser i medlemsstaternes og Den Europæiske Unions konkurrenceret. Reglerne i den danske lov modsvares således af tilsvarende regler i de øvrige EU-lande samt i EFTA-landene Norge, Island og Liechtenstein.Direktivet og loven medfører på en række punkter harmonisering på tværs af EU. Centrale elementer er: o Retten til fuld erstatning fastslås o Udvidet adgang til edition i konkurrenceerstatningssager o Fastlæggelse af, at en endelig konkurrenceafgørelse har bindende virkning i forhold til erstatningskrav o Regler om erstatning for henholdsvis direkte og indirekte tab o Etablering af en formodning for tab som følge af kartelovertrædelser o Fastlæggelse af en forlænget forældelsesfrist på 5 år Lovkommentaren beskriver de problemstillinger, som kan opstå ved anvendelse af konkurrenceerstatningsloven i praksis, baseret særligt på direktivets og lovens tilblivelseshistorie og den praksis, der på nuværende tidspunkt er fremkommet.

I denne afhandling analyseres den konkurrenceretlige tilgang til tilbudskonsortier i lyset af konkurrencelovens forbud mod konkurrencebegrænsendeaftaler. Dette retsområde har tiltrukket sig megen opmærksomhed i de senere år, efter at Vejstribesagen i Danmark og Ski Taxi i Norge gik hele vejen til de nationale højesteretter, førend det endeligt blev fastslået, at der i begge tilfælde var tale om såkaldte formålsovertrædelser, dvs. aftaler der i sig selv er tilstrækkeligt skadelige for konkurrencen. Reaktionen fra især erhvervslivet var, at dommene udtrykte en rigidretstilstand baseret på teoretiske og virkelighedsfjerne overvejelser, der risikerede at afholde virksomheder fra for fremtiden at afgivebud i fællesskab, selvom dette måtte være fordelagtigt for ordregiver. En uheldig konsekvens set med såvel konkurrence- som udbudsretlige briller. Analyserne i afhandlingen giver ikke grobund for at konkludere, at retstilstanden er rigid. Retstilstanden er dog kompleks og præget af en sådan grad af usikkerhed, at virksomhederne næppe kan fortænkes i at afholde sig fra konsortiedannelse af frygt for at foretagefejlagtige vurderinger af disses forenelighed med konkurrencereglerne.

Denne bog er en lovkommentar til lov om Klagenævnet for Udbud, der trådte i kraft 1. juni 2010. Klagenævnsloven er siden 2010 blevet ændret en række gange. Sidste gang var i forbindelse med udbudsloven, hvor loven bl.a. ændrede navn fra lov om håndhævelse af udbudsreglerne mv. til lov om Klagenævnet for Udbud (klagenævnsloven).Siden 1.-udgaven af bogen har Klagenævnet for Udbud afsagt en række kendelser af relevans for håndhævelsen af udbudsreglerne, som er inddraget i denne udgave. Derudover blev der med udbudslovens § 185, stk. 2, indført krav om, at ordregivere skal ophæve en kontrakt, når Klagenævnet for Udbud har annulleret ordregiverens tildelingsbeslutning. Som ved 1.-udgave af bogen er en gennemgang af aktindsigtsreglerne taget med i denne fremstilling under kommentaren til lovens § 2, stk. 2, pkt. 6, da disse regler er af væsentlig betydning for forbigåede tilbudsgivere, der ønsker at klage.