Underholdningslovgivning og medielovgivning

Hvad lægger politikerne til grund, når de træffer beslutninger? Er det værdibaserede holdninger og ideologi eller faktabaseret viden? Er det følelser eller fornuft?Med udgangspunkt i de seneste års udvikling i dansk mediepolitik argumenterer Christian S. Nissen for, at politik ikke længere kan forstås og begrundes alene med den rene fornuft og rationelle argumenter, men først og fremmest må bygge på værdier, holdninger og ideologi.Spørgsmålet er så, om Folketinget og regeringen med den særlige beslutningskultur på Christiansborg kan håndtere stridende værdier og ideologi og udmønte det i en praktisk politik? Kan der skabes et større rum for idébåren politik. En modvægt til en stadig mere fremherskende teknokratisering af de politiske kulturer i det moderne samfund, der har afpolitiseret politikdannelsen og skabt en kløft mellem en politisk-administrativ elite og en fremmedgjort vælgerbefolkning. En politisk beslutningskultur, hvor der nærmest ikke længere er brug for politikere.De spørgsmål har forfatteren sat sig for at belyse ved at følge medieforhandlingerne i perioden 2017-19. Hvordan spillede kulturelle, teknologiske, økonomiske og politiske forhold ind i beslutningerne om public service-mediernes indretning og udvikling? Hvad lagde politikerne til grund for deres beslutninger? Var det ideologi, sund fornuft – eller gammelt nag?Bogen følger det taktiske spil op til medieaftalen i juni 2018 og frem til og med S-regerings forkastelse af aftalen. Indflettet i dette forløb belyser bogen det danske mediemarked under de globale mediekoncerners stigende dominans og striden om DR’s størrelse og rolle.

Opslagsværket for alle, der er engagerede og aktive i idræt!Når man er fysisk aktiv, risikerer man altid overbelastnings- og traumatiske skader. Når disse forekommer, er det vigtigt at reagere tidligt samt at sikre hurtig diagnostik og korrekt behandling, så skadesvarigheden kan reduceres mest muligt. IDRÆTSSKADEBOGEN er en gennemgribende opdatering af den populære førsteudgave fra 2007. I 27 kapitler gennemgås de væsentligste aspekter af idrætsskader ud fra den nyeste viden. Bogens første halvdel beskriver bl.a. de samfundsmæssige aspekter af idræt, funktionen af det muskuloskeletale væv, de enkelte komponenters reaktion på belastning og skader samt generelle diagnostiske og behandlingsmæssige principper, herunder genoptræningsstrategier og forebyggelse. I særskilte kapitler behandles også styrketræning, doping, forsikring og idrætsskader hos børn og unge. I bogens anden halvdel gennemgås specifikke skader i de enkelte anatomiske regioner, og slutteligt findes nu et nyt kapitel med en samlet oversigt over red flags, så læseren hurtigt kan orientere sig i akutte og subakutte idrætsskader. I tillæg findes en ordforklaringsliste over nogle af de hyppigst anvendte fagtermer.Bogen henvender sig til idrætsudøvere, trænere og behandlere på alle niveauer – fra fritidsidræt til konkurrenceidræt på højt niveau. Bogen er skrevet af et kompetent og fagligt specialiseret forfatterhold med vægt på en formidling, der gør stoffet tilgængeligt for både de idrætsengagerede samt læger, fysioterapeuter og kiropraktorer, herunder studerende.

Bogen introducerer til mange forskellige måder at arbejde med bevægelse på i skolen. Til disse måders pædagogiske baggrund, samt til hvilke handlemuligheder lærere har for at inddrage bevægelse i skolen.

Den teknologiske udvikling i de sidste årtier har givet anledning til nye aftaleindgåelsesmåder, og der er kommet stadigt mere fokus på behovet for forbrugerbeskyttelse. Som følge heraf er forbrugeraftaleloven ændret flere gange siden 1978, hvor den første forbrugeraftalelov blev vedtaget i Danmark. Flere af ændringerne er udtryk for gennemførelse af EU-direktiver, senest ved implementering af forbrugerrettighedsdirektivet i dansk ret ved lov nr. 1457 af 17. december 2013, som trådte i kraft den 13. juni 2014.Denne lovkommentar indeholder en omfattende, opdateret og videnskabelig gennemgang og analyse af forbrugeraftaleloven, dens forarbejder, tilhørende retningslinjer, dansk og EU-retlig praksis osv. Også tilgrænsende regelsæt, f.eks. markedsføringsloven og e-handelsloven, samt almindelige formueretlige regler inddrages i fremstillingen.Fremstillingen følger lovens systematik. Kommentarerne er knyttet til de konkrete, sproglige udtryk i lovens enkelte bestemmelser, men er også problemorienteret. Indholdet af kommentarerne til lovbestemmelserne fremgår af en oversigt under hver enkelt paragraf.

This book analyses how China has engaged in global IP governance and the implications of its engagement for global distributive justice. It investigates five cases on Chinäs IP engagement in geographical indications, the disclosure obligation, IP and standardisation, and its bilateral and multilateral IP engagement. It takes a regulation-oriented approach to examine substate and non-state actors involved in Chinäs global IP engagement, identifies principles that have guided or constrained its engagement, and discusses strategies actors have used in managing the principles. Its focus on engagement directs attention to processes instead of outcomes, which enables a more nuanced understanding of the role that China plays in global IP governance than the dichotomic categorisation of China either as a global IP rule-taker or rule-maker.This book identifies two groups of strategies that China has used in its global IP engagement: forum and agenda-related strategies and principle-related strategies. The first group concerns questions of where and how China has advanced its IP agenda, including multi-forum engagement, dissembling, and more cohesive responsive engagement. The second group consists of strategies to achieve a certain principle or manage contesting principles, including modelling and balancing. It shows that Chinäs deployment of engagement strategies makes its IP system similar to those of the EU and the US. Its balancing strategy has led to constructed inconsistency of its IP positions across forums. This book argues that China still has some way to go to influence global IP agenda-setting in a way matching its status as the second largest economy.

This book examines the impact of artificial intelligence on competition and antitrust in today's global digital economy. It scrutinizes the economic and legal ramifications of Artificial Intelligence (AI), addressing the challenges it presents to competition and the law.Beginning with an analysis of AI's developments across various economic sectors, the book highlights the need for updated legislation. It focuses on the digital economy, emphasizing digital platforms' role in shaping competition. Econometric investigations and a novel index assess competition's influence on foreign direct investment and multinational enterprises. Comparing competition practices across jurisdictions like the EU, US, Germany, and China, the book uncovers commonalities and differences in competition law principles. It also explores various theories on competition and competition law, seeking convergence or divergence.This book is an essential resource for scholars, legal professionals,policymakers, and anyone seeking a better understanding of how AI is reshaping competition and antitrust in the digital age.

Can we regulate something that doesn¿t exist yet? Can Europe create its own Silicon Valley? Who gets to create technological value in today¿s world? Whatever happened to the once-flourishing idea of rags to riches? Will new and exciting innovations only ever come from big tech companies? Can the EU establish its own flexible framework for boosting innovation, e.g. by facilitating the transformative use of technologies and data?This book seeks to answer these questions by exploring the differences in copyright culture in Europe and the United States, with its flexible fair use framework. The findings are anything but obvious, and decades of case law on both sides of the Atlantic tell a story of judges going to great lengths to deal with new challenges while navigating the imperfections of statutory law ¿ both where it is too broadly formulated and where it is too prescriptive.How can the population¿s creative potential best be fostered? What do software innovations have in common with the evolution of living organisms? What are the vulnerabilities of distributed creativity? Answers are sought in the processes that came into being during the early years of the digital revolution and were then forced to take a back seat as control of the means of production was increasingly placed in the hands of tech companies. The findings and insights presented here are highly relevant for today¿s digital policymaking. Market concentration processes in innovation haven¿t ceased; they are ongoing. And in an age where data-driven services are creating and reinforcing global oligopolies, the question posed by the U.S. Supreme Court in Google v. Oracle is now more relevant than ever: who should hold the keys to digital innovation?

Dieses Praktikerhandbuch gibt einen praxisnahen Überblick über die Vorgaben der DSGVO und das deutsche Datenschutzrecht. Das Handbuch widmet sich unter anderem den organisatorischen und materiellen Datenschutzanforderungen, den Rechten der betroffenen Personen, der Rolle der Aufsichtsbehörden, den Schadensersatzanspüchen und den Bußgeldern nach der Verordnung, sowie deutschen nationalen Besonderheiten. Es enthält zahlreiche Praxishinweise und Anwendungsbeispiele sowie eine kompakte Übersicht zu den datenschutzrechtlichen Vorgaben für ausgewählte Verarbeitungssituationen mit hoher Praxisrelevanz, wie Cloud Computing, Big Data und Künstliche Intelligenz. Das Handbuch wurde für die zweite Auflage vollständig überarbeitet und berücksichtigt umfangreich neue datenschutzrechtliche Rechtsprechung und Behördenstellungnahmen.

As computational power, the volume of available data, IT systems¿ autonomy, and the human-like capabilities of machines increase, robots and AI systems have substantial and growing implications for the law and raise a host of challenges to current legal doctrines. The main question to be answered is whether the foundations and general principles of private law and criminal law offer a functional and adaptive legal framework for the ¿autonomous systems¿ phenomena.The main purpose of this book is to identify and explore possible trajectories for the development of civil and criminal liability; for our understanding of the attribution link to autonomous systems; and, in particular, for the punishment of unlawful conduct in connection with their operation. AI decision-making processes ¿ including judicial sentencing ¿ also warrant close attention in this regard.Since AI is moving faster than the process of regulatory recalibration, this book provides valuable insights on its redesign and on the harmonization, at the European level, of the current regulatory frameworks, in order to keep pace with technological changes.Providing a broader and more comprehensive picture of the legal challenges posed by autonomous systems, this book covers a wide range of topics, including the regulation of autonomous vehicles, data protection and governance, personality rights, intellectual property, corporate governance, and contract conclusion and termination issues arising from automated decisions, blockchain technology and AI applications, particularly in the banking and finance sectors.The authors are legal experts from around the world with extensive academic and/or practical experience in these areas.

The book deals with the effective operation of the rules related to biomedical research and pays attention to the activities of the national legislatures of the 27 Member States in the field of scientific research. This multilevel system has an impact on biobanking activity. The book answers questions realized by operators on the main biobanks around the EU in the field of GDPR. The authors and editors used the questions born from brainstorming among members of the Association European, Middle East & Africa for Biopreservation and Biobanking (ESBB) to offer to the operators in biobanking activity and researchers quickly answer to their daily questions, but with authors highest quality. Further the book provides a comprehensive review of the rapidly expanding field of biobanking. It provides researchers and scholars working on biobanking and bio-sharing and more in general in the university hospitals and clinical trial consortiums, and companies, biomedical researchers, but also jurists and the professionals (in particular judges, lawyers, officers) an instrument rigorous but easy to use of the GDPR in the case of biobanking activities. The book identifies a methodological path to tackle the legal or ethical problem on a specific scientific-technological to verify existing solutions and give ideas for future applications. The importance of the legal solution influences the implementation of the development of the biobanking activity service itself.

Der Terminus Legal Tech ist in der rechtswissenschaftlichen Debatte omnipräsent. Eine kontrovers diskutierte Erscheinungsform dieses schillernden Begriffs sind sogenannte Legal Tech-Portale. Diese richten sich nicht an professionelle Rechtsanwender, sondern unmittelbar an die rechtsuchende Bevölkerung. Gemein ist den Angeboten, dass für den Kunden individualisierte juristische Dienstleistungen erbracht werden. Die Arbeit setzt sich umfassend mit den verschiedenen, derzeit auf dem Markt befindlichen Angeboten auseinander. Sie beschränkt sich dabei nicht auf eine Untersuchung der Zulässigkeit de lege lata, sondern bewertet auch den bestehenden Rechtsrahmen und unterbreitet Vorschläge für Regelungen de lege ferenda.

Markus Beil untersucht in diesem Buch die Zulässigkeit digitaler Versammlungen auf verschiedenen Ebenen. Einen Schwerpunkt bildet die Untersuchung, ob Parteitage sowie Aufstellungsversammlungen für Wahlbewerber digital durchgeführt werden könnten. Ebenfalls wird die Möglichkeit digitaler Bundestagssitzungen untersucht sowie die Zulässigkeit digitaler Sitzungen von kommunalen Vertretungsorganen. Zuletzt wird auf die Möglichkeit digitaler Gesellschafterversammlungen und die jüngst ergangenen Gesetzesänderungen eingegangen.

Der Band versammelt die um Anmerkungen ergänzten Vorträge zu verfassungs- und medienrechtlichen Fragen, die am 8. Februar 2020 an der Universität Passau im Rahmen des Symposiums aus Anlass des 80. Geburtstages von Herbert Bethge zu Ehren des Jubilars und in Würdigung seines rechtswissenschaftlichen Lebenswerks gehalten worden sind.

This book gathers contributions from a broad range of jurisdictions, written by practitioners and academics alike, and offers an unparalleled comparative view of key issues in competition law, intellectual property and unfair competition law, with a specific focus on the use of personal data. The first part focuses on the role of competition law in shaping the digital economy. It discusses the use of personal data, the market power of platforms, the assessment of free services, and more broadly the responsibility of dominant companies in the smooth functioning of the digital economy. In turn, the second part sheds light on how the conduct of influencers, native advertising and the use of AI for marketing purposes can be controlled by the law, focusing on the use of personal data and the impact of behavioral advertising on consumers. In this regard, the book brings together the current legal responses across a number of European and other countries, all summarized and elaborated on in the form of two international reports.The LIDC is a long-standing international association that focuses on the interface between competition law and intellectual property law, including unfair competition issues.

This book provides a comprehensive analysis of the regulatory challenges and legal barriers surrounding the MaaS concept in the EU. By evaluating MaaS against existing EU legal frameworks on data sharing, competition, transport law and beyond, this research seeks to shed light on the regulatory implications of the MaaS concept. It employs a problem-based approach and qualitative doctrinal legal research methodology to assess the potential of MaaS in enhancing the efficiency, accessibility, sustainability, digitalization, multimodality, competitiveness, and convenience of the EU passenger transport sector, while identifying shortcomings in current EU regulatory frameworks that may impede its growth and analysing potential harms that rise of MaaS might cause to competition and users. The book concludes by providing recommendations aimed at enhancing the EU legal frameworks, with the goal of establishing a unified and harmonized framework that promotes an open, competitive, and multimodal MaaS market. In summary, producing a book on the regulatory challenges of MaaS in the EU now can contribute to the ongoing discourse, provide valuable insights, and offer guidance for policymakers, regulators, industry stakeholders, and researchers involved in shaping the future of mobility.

With the growing capabilities of artificial intelligence, governments are integrating AI technologies into administrative and even judicial decision-making, aiding and in some cases even replacing human decision-makers. Predictive policing, automated benefits administration, and automated risk assessment in criminal sentencing are but a few prominent examples of a general trend. While the turn towards governmental automated decision-making promises to reduce the impact of human biases and produce efficiency gains, reducing the human element in governmental decision-making also entails significant risks. This book analyses these risks through a comparative constitutional law and human rights lens, examining US law, German law, and international human rights law. It also highlights the structural challenges that automation poses for legal systems built on the assumption of exclusively human decision-making. Special attention is paid to the question whether existing law can adequately address the lack of transparency in governmental automated decision-making, its discriminatory processes and outcomes, as well as its fundamental challenge to human agency. Building on that analysis, it proposes a path towards securing the values of human dignity and agency at the heart of democratic societies and the rule of law in an increasingly automated world. This book will be of interest to researchers and scholars focusing on the evolving relationship of law and technology as well as human rights scholars. Further, it represents a valuable contribution to the debate on the regulation of artificial intelligence and the role human rights can play in that process.

Combining philosophical and historical perspectives, this book focuses on the rise of a legal institution that has dominated the economy of knowledge ever since it burst onto the scene at the dawn of modernity in the heartlands of Europe. From the age of print to the age of networks and disruptive technologies, this book explores the place of copyright amid the various conceptual transformations it has undergone over time. Uniquely, it presents an in-depth philosophical treatment of the cultural history of copyright from its beginnings to the present.Although copyright is a central topic, the content is by no means limited to it. The main question the author seeks to answer is: how do legal institutions emerge and how do they evolve over time? Though copyright is a wonderful example for tackling this question, a selection of other institutions, such as the social practice of promising in eighteenth-century Britain, are also addressed at considerable length. What the author has managed to show in this book is that the transformations which modern law has undergone since the eighteenth century are inextricably linked to those which have shaped the modern subject to the core. Law forms part of those great schemes of intelligibility that allow us to understand ourselves better. We need to delve deep into the multiple layers of culture if we want to fully understand how the morphology and cultural archaeology of our legal institutions intertwine.

The standard forms of intellectual property protection, namely, copyright, patents, trademarks and trade secrets, have a long history and are well regulated in the legislative systems of most jurisdictions. However, there are specific kinds of subject matter that, due to their characteristics, cannot be adequately protected by these standard forms of intellectual property instruments. At the same time, these categories of subject matter require legal protection in order to ensure the balance between the public's access to these creations and the creators' rights. For these reasons, many jurisdictions introduce a special form of intellectual property protection, namely, sui generis regime, i.e., intellectual property legal regime ¿of its own kind¿, designed to serve the specific needs of a particular subject matter. This book analyzes the intellectual property protection regimes in the EU and the U.S. available for three categories of subject matter that are often considered as requiring sui generis protection, namely, databases, designs and plant varieties. One of the main objectives is to evaluate whether the chosen subject matter in fact requires sui generis intellectual property protection and whether the introduced sui generis regimes have proved to be successful over time. The final chapter of this book analyses the perspectives of sui generis intellectual property protection for works generated by AI systems. This volume offers a comprehensive analysis of sui generis intellectual property rights and will be a key source for both scholars and practitioners with an interest in intellectual property law.

This book provides an analysis of the various challenges and opportunities facing the Japanese broadcasting industry. It is the first book in English that explores how Japanese broadcasting, especially commercial broadcasting, fulfills its social mission under the threat of the increased popularity of Internet-based media services as it reexamines the role and nature of broadcasting. During a series of disasters and the spread of the new coronavirus in Japan, while varied media connected people and supported socio-economic activities, broadcasting continued to be the most trusted. However, as Internet media attract increasing attention, the trend in broadcast viewership is downward. Commercial broadcasting, in particular, will be strongly affected by that trend and the impact of the shrinking population. Recognizing that such dramatic technological and environmental changes are under way, in addition to the eleven researchers participating in the visiting researcher committee at the Research Institute of the Japan Commercial Broadcasters Association (JBA), four research collaborators and the secretariat (director of the JBA) have contributed to this book. They have taken up issues related to challenges and opportunities for the broadcasting industry based on their respective areas of awareness of the problems, including policies for broadcasting, fake news, disaster responses, viewer trust in television programs, competition with Internet-based services, and the business model for broadcasting.

This open access book examines regulating an environment that has no jurisdiction, is fully anonymous and infinitely vast? Welcome to the Metaverse, an online virtual reality that is expected to add billions to the global economy. The Metaverse offers a new type of virtual economy with practically endless business opportunities. The question is how to prevent these opportunities from being abused to commit money laundering and finance terrorism (MLFT).This book explores the current European Union legislation designed to prevent MLFT in connection with the Metaverse. It analyses the legislation in relation to the three traditional stages of MLFT: placement, layering and integration. Furthermore, some additional risks specific to the Metaverse are discussed, such as Non-Fungible Tokens (NFTs) and the high level of anonymity. The book concludes that the current legislation is not suitable for facing the new challenges of the Metaverse. In turn, the book putsforward a novel approach to regulating and enforcing MLFT legislation: using a system of smart assets equipped with AI to prevent and detect MLFT. In addition, it makes recommendations on how to improve the legal framework with regard to the new challenges arising from the Metaverse. Particular attention is given to creating a legal framework that incorporates the use of smart assets and the Internet of Things, in order to provide a safe environment for potential users and society.With a solid background in financial law and technology, the author successfully creates a novel system of regulation and enforcement that is based on the use of automatic enforcement, whilst keeping sufficient legal safeguards in place for potential Metaverse users.This book will be of interest to anyone interested in the Metaverse. Whether you want to regulate it or open your own virtual business, it¿s a must-read!

The book starts with an analysis of what is new in the Digital Services Act. The aim is to see whether this new Regulation is appropriate both for not halting technological innovation and for addressing the risks that technological innovation poses to society and to the people who use digital services. The focal point is the risk of discrimination as people are often helpless in the face of the potential discriminations in the digital services sector. In particular, the book analyses how the Digital Services Act can make a concrete contribution to the protection against discrimination. To this end, it focuses on the responsibility of digital service providers and the fact that discrimination may also depend on the way in which algorithms and artificial intelligence systems are used. Therefore, a comparison is made between the Digital Services Act and the proposed Artificial Intelligence Act. The comparison discloses that the risk-based approach is the common thread followed by the EU in regulating the digital market. The book elaborates also on the practical implications of the risk-based approach. Highlighting advantages and limitations leading the author to conclude that the risk-based approach is the way forward only if the differences between risk and danger, the limits of law, and the limits of the tendency to humanise artificial intelligence systems are considered. With specific reference to the risk of discrimination, the need for a systemic and multi-level approach is highlighted, which reinforces the contribution that can be made not only by the Digital Services Act, but also by more general and cross-cutting legislation as those on data protection and unfair commercial practices.

This book analyses gender-based offences on the Internet from the perspective of international human rights law, interwoven with rights theories and feminist legal theories. It investigates whether international human rights law is applicable in regulating harmful online conduct and speech, with a focus on sexual violence, various forms of harassment, sexist hate speech and harmful pornography. This involves assessing whether gender-based online offences are considered violations of international human rights law and - if they are recognised as such explicitly or by way of interpretation - the extent of state obligations. The book reviews a range of international law sources, such as selected international human rights law treaties, case law, soft-law documents and academic scholarship. The application of general human rights law provisions to the online sphere is evaluated by considering the online/offline coherence of provisions as well as potential gaps, inconsistencies and disadvantages that exist in the regulation of online gender-based offences. The makeup, aim and effect of social spheres, areas of law and legal principles are thus assessed in relation to gender and the Internet. Aspects discussed include the architecture of the Internet, the structure of public international law, the harm principle as employed in domestic law and international human rights law, and the scope of particular rights, mainly involving the freedom of expression and the right to privacy. Working from the premise that the transposition of international human rights law to the Internet must ensure the former's functionality and effectiveness, the book argues that a contextual application of rights is called for. This requires assessing what is harmful online - including the effects of online speech and conduct - and what are effective means of regulating liability on the Internet. In turn, such assessments require a gender-sensitive approach.