Immunologi

This volume presents the latest collection of immunophenotypic techniques and applications used in research and clinical settings. Chapters in this book cover topics such as constructions of high dimensions fluorescence and mass cytometry panels; fluorescence barcoding; using dried or lyophilized reagents; and immunophenotypic examples of specific cell types. The book concludes with a discussion on the critical roles of quality control and immunophenotyping in the clinical environment. Written in the highly successful Methods in Molecular Biology series format, chapters include introductions to their respective topics, lists of the necessary materials and reagents, step-by-step, readily reproducible laboratory protocols, and tips on troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls.Cutting-edge and comprehensive, Immunophenotyping: Methods and Protocols is a valuable resource for any researchers, clinician, or scientist interested in learning more about this evolvingfield.

This extensively revised new edition provides a quick study and reference guide for physicians who treat patients with autoimmune bullous diseases (AIBDs), the most life-threatening inflammatory diseases of the skin. AIBDs are rare, comprising less than 1% of the dermatological patients and as such, they are often given little focus in general dermatology literature, despite being complicated and demanding diseases to manage. Chapters cover the latest developments in diagnostic assays and the use of pemphigoids. New contributions include how AIBD affects children and the care of wounds in instances of blistering disease from the perspective of a nurse practitioner.  Autoimmune Bullous Diseases: Text and Review is written in a direct and simple style with tables and figures to illustrate this difficult field practically. At the end of each chapter the reader is challenged to check the learned matter with multiple-choice questions, while it contains protocols and follows international guidelines, making it suitable study material for courses on autoimmune bullous diseases. Residents and researchers in dermatology and adjacent disciplines will find this book useful as a quick guide when dealing with these patients.

It's just a bad cold. That's what thirty-five-year-old Carrie Grimes believed. Then her hands and feet went numb. Still, doctors sent her home from the emergency room saying it was most likely just a side effect of the antibiotic. The next morning, she could not stand, and the paralysis was creeping up her limbs. Within five days, the vibrant young mom was unable to move and relying on a ventilator to help her breathe.Well beyond a bad cold, Carrie had Guillain-Barré Syndrome - a rare disease diagnosed in fewer than 6,000 people in the US each year. Bouncing Forward is the story of how she and an extensive tribe of family, friends, and health care professionals fought for every inch of hope and healing.

Over the generations the skin has been the site for immunization against smallpox. This method of immunization was described in a letter written by Lady Mary Montagu on April 1, 1717 in Adrianopole, Turkey: "e;The small-pox, so fatal, and so general amongst us, is here entirely harmless by the invention of ingrafting, which is the term they give it. . . The old woman comes with a nut-shell full of the matter of the best sort of small-pox . . . She immediately rips open (the skin) with a large needle . . . and puts into the vein as much venom as can lie upon the head of her needle, and after binds up the wound. There is no example of anyone that died of it; and you may believe that I am satisfied of the safety of this experiment since I intend to try it on my dear little son"e; (Letters from the right Honourable Lady Mary Montagu 1709-1762. Published by J. M. Dent and Co. London, 2nd edition, September, 1906, p. 124. ) The "e;variolation"e; method was, 80 years later, markedly improved by the use of cowpox virus, as reported by Edward Jenner in 1796. The successful method of intradermal immunization against smallpox and later against other virus diseases is in fact based on the presence of anitigen-presenting dendritic cells in the skin.

Since the discovery of chemokines and of chemokine receptors it has become evident that expression of chemokines at the site of inflammation may regulate the composition of cellular infiltrate, thereby directing the type of immune response. Recently, the molecular characterization of inherited disorders of immune system, (e.g., Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome, WHIM syndrome, leukocyte adhesion deficiency), which are characterized by cytoskeleton/adhesion defects or by altered response of chemokine receptors has contributed to clarifying the key players of immune response in normal physiology and in disease. This book, which deals with the description of the role of chemokines in immune response and underlines potential targets of therapeutical intervention, offers a series of contributions of the most challenging aspects of lymphocyte migration in homeostasis and in disease.

Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) represents a complex disease where the inheritable component has been estimated to be up to 60%. This PIR volume deals with the genetic basis and regulation of rheumatic diseases. The first part of the book describes genetic studies on rheumatic diseases. The second part deals with the shared heredity of rheumatic diseases, e.g., RA, lupus and ankylosing spondylitis. The third part of the volume describes tools for analysing genetic complexity, ranging from animal models to new molecular tools. The volume is essential reading for researchers and clinicians from rheumatology, inflammation research, immunology, and cell and molecular biology.

A rheumatologist and a psychologist offer an informative and compassionate perspective on coping with lupus for patients and their families. Lupus is a chronic autoimmune disease that is difficult to diagnose, and the symptoms-from achy joints to skin rashes-often mimic those of other diseases. Based on extensive research and clinical experience, Lupus Q&A answers the myriad questions of the more than 1.4 million lupus patients in this country. The book demystifies lupus by explaining diagnosis, symptoms, treatments, medication, and the psychological impact of the disease.

The incidence of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (100M) varies dramatically across racial groups and countries, with annual age-adjusted rates of approximately 40/100,000 per year in Finland, but only 0.51100,000 per year in China. Although reasons for these marked geographic differences are unknown, it is likely that genetic variations across populations play a m~or role. To determine the contribution of genetic factors to the global patterns of 100M incidence, international comparative studies are now being undertaken as part of the WHO Multinational Project for Childhood Oiabetes, known as the DIAMOND Project. It is, therefore, necessary to develop and implement epidemiologic standards for these investigations which can be applied across populations. This will ensure that comparable data are obtained in all countries, and that relevant scientific questions can be properly addressed. The development of standards for molecular epidemiologic studies of 100M is the of the NATO Advanced Research Workshop. During this meeting at the objective University of Pittsburgh, scientists from across the world convened to discuss issues relating to the standardization of: 1. the collection of family history data to assess the risk of 100M in first degree relatives, 2. case-control molecular epidemiology studies of 100M susceptibility, 3. HLA family studies, 4. laboratory methods and ONA technology transfer for genetic marker evaluations.

During the past fifty years, thousands of natural products have been isolated from plants, fungi, and bacteria. Apart from intense searches by pharmaceutical companies for medicinals and the concentrated effort mounted by the National Cancer Institute, many of these have not been tested in biological systems. The major reasons for this appear to be, at least, twofold. First, individual researchers looking for biologically active natural products will often isolate only small amounts of material sufficient to determine a structure and calculate the specific activity for their particular bioassay systems: insufficient funds preclude re-isolating the compound unless industrial potential is foreseen. Second, the difficulty with which original structures were proved prior to 1972. This required the isolation of relatively large quantities of a natural product and there followed extensive degradation, elemental analyses of the parent and its fragments, then synthesis, piece by piece, of the molecule. All this took time and energy. No wonder that when the structure was proved the chemist was enervated. And coupled to this was the fact that many chemists were not trained to test their materials in biological systems. In contrast, today a natural product can be isolated, its mass and molecular formula determined and, if there is some serendipity, crystals may be obtained for single crystal x-ray analysis. If conditions are near perfect, it is possible to isolate and identify a novel compound in a month.

Die Wissenschaftsredaktion im SWR entwickelte eine Fernsehreihe zum Thema Alternative Medizin im Test. Ziel war es, die Zuschauer moglichst umfassend uber die Qualitat der verschiedenen Heilmethoden zu informieren. Das Buch orientert sich am Aufbau dieser Fernsehreihe. Hierin sind 21 Methoden zusammengestellt, die das Eypertengremium der Sendereihe beurteilt und bewertet hat. Das Gremium besteht aus 6 Arzten, die auf dem Gebiet der Naturheilkunde forschen. Alle Verfahren werden beschrieben. Punkte vergaben die Experten in 4 Kategorien: fur das Erklarungsmodell, die wissenschaftlichen Nachweise, das Ausbildungsniveau und die Risiken, die mit der Methode verbunden sind. Auerdem enthalt das Buch einen ausfuhrlichen Adressenteil und Tips fur den Umgang mit der Krankenkasse.

In February 1985 a small international meeting of scientists took place at the recreation resort of the Polish Academy of Sci- ences in Mogilany, near Cracow, Poland. The initiative for holding the workshop came from a working meeting on mathematical immunology and related topics at the International Institute for Applied Sys- tems Analysis in Laxenburg, Austria, in November 1983. In addition to representatives of IIASA, delegates of the IIASA National Member Organizations (NMO) of Czechoslovakia, Italy, and the soviet Union took part in that working meeting. The participants came to the conclusion that IIASA could play an important role in facilitating the development of research in this field. The first step that they recommended to I IASA was to organize a workshop on mathematical immunology. The purpose of the workshop was to review the progress that has been made in applying mathematics to problems in immunology and to explore ways in which further progress might be achieved, especially by more efficient interactions between scientists working in mathematical and experimental immunology. Some National Member Organizations contributed to the success of the workshop by nominat- ing further participants working in this or related fields. For instance, thanks to a suggestion of the British NMO, the meeting also included analyses of the interactions between the immune state of a population and epidemiological phenomena. There were 33 participants at Mogilany from 11 countries, namely Canada, Czechoslovakia, Federal Republic of Germany, Hungary, Japan, Netherlands, Poland, Sweden, united Kingdom, USA, and USSR.

Wall Street Journal Bestseller2022 Genesis Prize LaureateThe exclusive, first-hand, behind-the-scenes story of how Pfizer raced to create the first Covid-19 vaccine, told by Pfizer's Chairman and CEO Dr. Albert Bourla.A riveting, fast-paced, inside look at one of the most incredible private sector achievements in history, Moonshot recounts the intensive nine months in 2020 when the scientists at Pfizer, under the visionary leadership of Dr. Albert Bourla, made ?the impossible possible??creating, testing, and manufacturing a safe and effective Covid-19 vaccine that previously would have taken years to develop. Dr. Bourla chronicles how the brilliant, dedicated minds at Pfizer, under the enormous strains of the global pandemic, overcame a series of crises that were compounded by social and political unrest, and reveals the doubts, decisions, obstacles, and failures they encountered. As Dr. Bourla makes clear, Pfizer's success wasn't due to luck; it was because of preparation driven by four simple values?Courage, Excellence, Equity, and Joy.Moonshot is a story of leadership under the most unprecedented circumstances?how Dr. Bourla, a Greek immigrant, a child of Holocaust survivors, and a veterinarian, became the head of one of the world's largest corporations and initiated a dramatic transformation of the organization just before a global health crisis would serve to test the organization, its scientists, and its leader, like never before. Moonshot describes best practices that can be used to address the multiple, unprecedented challenges our world faces, reveals Pfizer's implementation of scientific breakthroughs at a record-breaking pace, and offers leadership lessons that can help anyone successfully manage their own seemingly unsolvable problems. As Dr. Bourla explains, ?I am sharing the story of our moonshot?the challenges we faced, the lessons we learned, and the core values that allowed us to make it happen?in hopes that it might inspire and inform your own moonshot, whatever that may be.?

Comprehensive and readable, Whitcup and Nussenblatt's Uveitis, 5th Edition, covers every aspect of this complex subspecialty in a single convenient volume. This clinically relevant guide covers the medical, pharmacological, and surgical treatment of uveitis in a visually rich, full-color format, offering a complete overview for today's clinicians. New and updated case studies, key points boxes, and more than 400 images and graphics highlight major clinical points and provide insight into real situations that you can apply in practice

While first accounts of food allergy date back to antiquity, only in recent years has food allergy become recognized as one of the major allergic diseases. During the last decade the output of research papers on food allergy increased tremendously, and today, issues related to food allergies still attract a lot of attention among academics and the general public. Featuring contributions by world-renowned experts, this book presents the current concept, practice and recent advances in the field of food allergy. A comprehensive background section provides a historical retrospective and information on the immunological basis and epidemiology of food allergies. Main topics discussed include clinical aspects, diagnosis and management, allergen-based food allergies, and disease-based food allergies. Furthermore, nutritional aspects and diets, public policy and educational programs are covered as well as recent hot topics such as molecular-based allergen diagnosis, eosinophilic gastrointestinal food allergies and oral immunotherapy. Allergists, pediatricians, internists, dermatologists and general practitioners will find this publication an essential source of information as it provides in-depth insights into food allergies from childhood to adulthood.

Malaria remains an alarming emergency in developing countries. It is thus urgent to identify any parasite or host molecules that can serve as new affordable markers for early diagnosis of disease complications or as new targets for vector control. In this context, human and mosquito lysozymes are good candidate molecules, as their involvement in malaria has been recently reported by several independent groups. This book reviews the grounded knowledge on malaria etiology and physiopathology, as well as the current approaches for diagnosis, therapy, and vector control. In addition, the emerging evidence on the involvement of human and mosquito lysozymes in malaria from available experimental models and clinical studies is thoroughly discussed, as is the potential use of other antimicrobial peptides against malaria. Intriguingly, the contributors propose that old well-known molecules such as lysozymes might be used as new targets for cost-effective strategies to fight malaria.

Over the past ten years, a number of cytokines and growth factors have proven to be as effective therapeutics. While these products have certainly established recombinant biologics as a major pharmaceutical growth sector, the continued interest in this class of drugs arises from the fact that today we have a far better understanding of the human immune response, both at a cellular and molecular level. This has resulted in a more methodical characterisation of these factors which has given clinical researchers an opportunity to plan Phase 1 clinical trials that can provide substantial information on the activity of the cytokine in humans. Currently, a great deal of effort is also being channelled into identifying cytokines from the various DNA databases. Our major objective for this book is to profile cytokines that have been recently identified. The therapeutic potential of these cytokines based on their known properties will be discussed by the authors. The main aim of this book is to provide...

Regulatory B Cells: Methods and Protocols present the current experimental set-ups and methodologies useful for the identification and characterization of B cells with suppressive functions and for the study of their biological and immunological properties. Organized into four sections, this detailed volume covers the basic methods for the isolation and immunophenotypical characterization of specific B cell subsets from mouse and human tissues, methods for the investigation of the mechanisms of immune suppression operated by B cells, several experimental approaches for the ex vivo generation/expansion of IL-10-producing B cells, as well as procedures for the study of the immune suppressive function of B cells in specific pathological settings. Written in the highly successful Methods in Molecular Biology series format, chapters include introductions to their respective topics, lists of the necessary materials and reagents, step-by-step, readily reproducible laboratory protocols and tips on troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls.Practical and authoritative, Regulatory B Cells: Methods and Protocols serves as an ideal guide for immunologists as well as for cell and molecular biologists interested in the intricacies of B cell biology.

¿ In Cytotoxic T-Cells: Methods and Protocols, leading experts in the field provide a collection of state-of-the art methods and protocols encompassing a wide array of systems biology approaches for Cytotoxic T-Cell research. Dived into three main sections, the first part of the volume analyzes the isolation of T Cells along with their expansion and characterization according to different methods. The second part describes required techniques for intracellular signaling, monitoring of antigen T cell specific responses, CTL exosomes, and microscopy and in vivo imaging applied to CTL studies. The final section focuses on specialist applications of molecular methods into the study of CTL, including next generation sequencing of the Jack/stat pathway and CTL involvement in bone remodeling and transplantation. Written in the highly successful Methods in Molecular Biology series format, chapters include introductions to their respective topics, lists of the necessary materials and reagents, step-by-step, readily reproducible laboratory protocols, and key tips on troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls.Authoritative and practical, Cytotoxic T-Cells: Methods and Protocols seeks to aid scientists in the further study into concepts of laboratory methods using systems biology.

T-Helper Cells: Methods and Protocols presents a broad selection of cutting edge protocols that will enable the reader to capture the unique features of TH cells with tools developed for the isolation of TH cells from various tissues and subsequent analysis of their functional properties in vitro, ex vivo and in vivo. Chapters cover methods of isolating T cells from various tissues in mice, protocols for the analysis of T cell function and phenotype using various cutting edge technologies, methods allowing for the manipulation of T cell function in vitro and in vivo and in vivo models of diseases in which T cells play a central role in the pathogenesis. Written in the successful Methods in Molecular Biology series format, chapters include introductions to their respective topics, lists of the necessary materials and reagents, step-by-step, readily reproducible protocols, and notes on troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls.Authoritative and easily accessible, T-Helper Cells: Methods and Protocols seeks to serve both professionals and novices with its well-honed methodologies in an effort to further the study of this amazingly versatile and potent cell type.

In Basophils and Mast Cells: Methods and Protocols, experts in this challenging field explore techniques to research these cells from the most practical point of view. Given the tremendous influence of mast cells and blood-borne basophils over immune system function, this volume intends to aid the reader in the development of better tools for the isolation of these cells from primary tissues, peripheral blood, bone marrow, or cord blood. Also covered are protocols for the in vitro and in vivo study of their functions. Written in the highly successful Methods in Molecular Biology format, chapters in this book contain introductions to their respective topics, lists of the necessary materials and reagents, step-by-step, readily reproducible laboratory protocols, and tips on troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls straight from the researchers who use the methods most.Authoritative and easy to use, Basophils and Mast Cells: Methods and Protocols will provide the necessary tools for future research into mast cells and basophils with the goal of aiding in the quest to shed more light on these fascinating cell types.

From the perspective of the investigator, Graves' disease is a fascinating disorder with unique features and opportunities for study. The discovery in 1956 that Graves' disease was caused by a humoral factor, later shown to be an antibody to the TSH receptor, was a triumph for modern investigative medicine. Rapid progress is now being made in (i) understanding the molecular interaction between autoantibodies and the TSH receptor, (ii) identifying the genes that contribute to the predisposition to disease, (iii) developing an animal model of Graves' disease, and (iv) identifying the long-sought orbital antigen in ophthalmopathy. From the clinical standpoint, although Graves' disease is eminently treatable, there is no definitive cure. None of the therapeutic options are ideal. It is hoped that rapid progress in understanding the pathogenesis of the disease will lead to the ultimate goal of some form of immunotherapy that will make antithyroid drugs, radioiodine and thyroidectomy obsolete. The chapters in Graves' Disease: Pathogenesis and Treatment represent the viewpoints of many prominent clinicians and investigators working in the field. The editors are grateful for their contributions which cover an unusually comprehensive compendium of subjects relating to the disease.

-There is an acceleration in prion disease research because of the spread of mad cow disease.-This book covers in vitro, cellular, and animal models adapted for the study of TSEs.-Includes bio-saftey procedures.

For millions of Americans, hypothyroidism often goes untreated ... or is treated improperly. This book, thoroughly researched by the nation's top thyroid patient advocate—a hypothyroidism patient herself—provides you with answers to all your questions

Denne bog beskriver immunforsvarets daglige kamp modd bakterier, virus, parasitter og mikrosvampe og giver et overblik over immunologien.Forfatterne gennemgår mmunologiens hovedelementer ved at se på, hvordan vores immunforsvar bekæmper forsekllige typer infektioner og ikke mindst kræft. Desuden forklares, hvad der kan gå galt i immunforsvaret, og hvordan lægevidenskaben kan bruge immunforsvaret terapeutisk.Immunforsvar - kampen i kroppen er primært skrevet med sigte på bioanalytikeruddannelsen og andre sundhedsfaglige professionsuddannelser, meen kan benyttes som støtte i andre naturvidenskabelige uddannelser, på gymnasiets biofag og ikke mindst på laborantuddannelsen.

The Atlas of Allergic Diseases provides comprehensive visual coverage of all aspects of allergic diseases. Exceptional photographs, diagrams, charts and illustrations in full color help to illustrate the abstract elements of allergic diseases in vivid detail.

Lider du af astma eller allergi, så er det her måske den helt rigtige bog for dig.Bogen som hjælper dig til et bedre og nemmere liv så du fremadrettet bedre kan leve med astma, og allergier i fremtiden.Du får hjælp til at slå symptomerne på astma og allergier ned. Med sektioner om selvhjælp, komplementære terapier og ernæring, er denne informative bog nøglen til et allergi-frit liv.Mere end 60 opskrifter hjælper dig til sund kost, målrettet til at lindre astma og allergier, herunder høfeber.Du får samtidig tips, råd og vejledning til at identificere fødevarer, der udløser astma og allergier, ligesom en praktisk vejledning til at kontrollere symptomerne og gi dig indsigt og hjælp til hvordan du kan anvende både traditionel og alternativ behandling.Det er ingen naturlov, at sund mad og hensyn til allergi behøver være kedeligt! Bogen her er den perfekte gave, der med sikkerhed bringer lindring og madglæde til en ven eller familiemedlem, der lider under allergi eller døjer med astma.