Pædiatri

This book offers innovative constructs of knowledge and reasoning on autistic pathology according to the perspectives offered by functional neuroscience and neuroimaging data and considers new etiological perspectives and therapeutic strategies centered on the child and the family. Written by experts in the field, this book includes sixteen chapters organized into three sections on "Worldwide Epidemiology", "Neural Perspectives and Etiology", and "Therapeutic Strategies".

The book, in its second edition, is devoted to the neurosurgical management of spasticity and focal dystonia. Starting with a chapter on the anatomical and physiological bases of spasticity and a short history of its neurosurgical treatment, it describes the neurosurgical methods currently available. As management differs between adults and children, the book is also structured accordingly, including evaluation, decision-making, Intrathecal Baclofen therapy (ITB), Botulinum toxin therapy and Surgery. The large spectrum of scales for assessing hypertonia, spasticity, dystonia, contracture and joint/bone deformities, as well as the scoring systems for quantifying functional abilities are critically reviewed. Beyond ITB, the neurosurgical options covered include the microsurgical procedures focusing on the peripheral nerves, dorsal roots, Dorsal Root Entry Zone and spinal cord, and their intra-operative monitoring.In this second edition, the orthopedic surgical interventions available will take a large place, either as alternative solutions , or even better as important complements after spasticity be solved by the neurosurgical treatments.Based on surgical experience collected with more than a thousand and eight-hundred patients, the book gathers the most important aspects of our present understanding, presented using a practical, educational approach. It stresses the importance of a multidisciplinary approach, including neurologists, pediatricians and rehabilitation specialists. Close collaborations with other surgical disciplines like orthopedic surgery and neuro-urology are outlined.

"The fourth volume in Stahl's Case Studies series describing the approach, diagnosis, and treatment of children and adolescents with psychiatric disorders. Demonstrating core principles that allow clinicians to individualize treatment and engage families, creating the best outcomes. Essential reading for mental health professionals and students"--

This book provides a broad and multidisciplinary review of psychological aspects of sport participation that are important to consider in young athletes. It discusses the many psychosocial benefits of sports, describes common mental health and body image issues pediatric athletes may suffer from, explains the psychological effects of injury and surgery on young athletes and the importance of mind-body connection, and advocates for safe sport participation and a multidisciplinary approach to the care of young athletes. This is the first text to discuss the psychological implications of sport participation in young athletes ¿ a critical topic in today¿s sport landscape that is often underappreciated and understudied. Bringing together contributions from prominent sports psychologists, sports medicine physicians and surgeons, coaches, and pain management specialists, Psychological Considerations in the Young Athlete combines the mostup-to-date research, and serves as a valuable resource for clinicians, therapists, and athletic trainers who serve pediatric and adolescent athletes and sports teams.

Pediatric musculoskeletal infections are common globally and represent about 1-2% of all pediatric hospital admissions in the developed world and about 10-20% of admissions in the developing countries. If untreated or treated inadequately, pediatric bone and joint infections can cause significant mortality and morbidity. The functional and economic burden to the family and community at large also presents a significant public health problem.This book serves as an evidence-based, comprehensive review of the current concepts for the early diagnosis and management of pediatric musculoskeletal infections. Currently, there are no comprehensive, easily accessible books on this topic. This first of its kind book also uses a multidisciplinary and global approach by including contributions from editors and authors worldwide. The long-term goal of this text is to help improve the quality of care provided to children with musculoskeletal infections improve patient safety, reduce the cost of care, and add value to the care provided to these children and thus reduce the economic burden.Broken up into five sections, the first part of this text covers the epidemiology, microbiology, pathological consequences, antibiotic therapies, systemic effects, and imaging modalities of pediatric musculoskeletal infections. Section two takes a detailed look at acute pediatric musculoskeletal infections.  Infections discussed in this section include acute hematogenous osteomyelitis, septic arthritis, pyomyositis, complex musculoskeletal infections, musculoskeletal infections in the neonate and acute surgical site infection after pediatric orthopedic surgery. Section three focuses on chronic osteomyelitis and its sequelae. Section four examines anatomic region-specific considerations in musculoskeletal infections. The topics that are expanded upon are epiphyseal osteomyelitis, Pediatric hand and foot infections, tuberculosis of the axial and the appendicular skeleton, and non-tuberculous infections of the spine. Finally, the fifth section includes an overview of less common musculoskeletal conditions such as, fungal infections, brucellosis, hydatid disease, gas gangrene, viral musculoskeletal infection and meningococcal infections.Written by experts in the field, Pediatric Musculoskeletal Infections: Principles and Practice serves as an easily accessible resource for a global audience of healthcare providers from multiple disciplines to aid them in making informed decisions while managing pediatric bone and joint infections. Paediatricians, orthopedic surgeons, infectious disease physicians, radiologists, pathologists, family physicians and any other healthcare providers involved in the care of children with musculoskeletal infections will find immense value in this reference as will medical students, residents and fellows.

This book brings together lessons learned in the clinical use of anorectal endosonography and manometry in paediatrics. In contrast to adult medicine, where they are virtually indispensable for specialists dealing with colo-proctology, in paediatrics endoanal ultrasound and anorectal manometry are still the prerogative of very few international centres. This book collects the results of a Workshop organised at the Paediatric Surgery Unit of Bologna, entitled "e;International Seminar on Endosonography and Anorectal Manometry in Paediatrics"e;, and presents contributions from leading European experts.Focusing on the paediatric age group, this volume fills a gap in the paediatric gastroenterology literature, and will benefit all specialists wishing to use these methods in the management and treatment of common clinical problems, e.g. chronic constipation.

Sensitive periods occur when unique experiences permanently influence brain development either by their presence or absence. This volume covers underlying brain systems and behaviors that are sculpted by the environment in humans and animals in a search for commonalities. The mechanisms involved, the importance of timing in the process, and factors that can change the brain are discussed in this exciting book. Different chapters examine how experience guides the development of cells, circuits, and function using vision, cortical circuits, and cognition as frameworks. Scientific evidence for effective preventative intervention approaches, including diet, exercise, and music, are included to find ways to maximize child and adolescent development. The adverse effects of early brain injury are also included. As sensitive periods are gaining importance in their application in the real-world, novel statistical approaches for human studies are presented and the importance of sensitive periods are covered by examining the juvenile justice system. The book has interdisciplinary appeal and scholars with an interest in brain resiliency or vulnerability will find it of particular interest.

Fundamentals of Pediatric Neuro-Ophthalmology is the first case-based textbook dedicated to pediatric neuro-ophthalmology. Fundamentals is a must-have resource for ophthalmologists, neurologists, emergency medicine physicians, and pediatricians who are seeking a practical guide for the diagnosis and management of pediatric neuro-ophthalmologic disease. With contributions from experts in the Consortium of Pediatric Neuro-ophthalmologists, the text is an important educational reference for trainees and established physicians alike. Key Features· Fifty-two real-world clinical cases that examine presenting symptoms and signs, differential diagnosis, approach to evaluation, treatment considerations, visual outcomes, and novel insights into disease management· Broad coverage of important topics in pediatric neuro-ophthalmology including Congenital optic nerve anomaliesOptic disc edemaOptic nerve tumorsOptic atrophyStrabismusDisorders of the extraocular musclesNystagmusOther abnormal eye movementsPupillary disordersNeuro-ophthalmologic manifestations in neurologic and systemic diseasesHigher order visual processing disorders · Video library of important clinical signs of neuro-ophthalmologic disease· Discussion of decision making and interpretation of ancillary testing by experts in the field of pediatric neuro-ophthalmology Easy to follow format that will serve as a concise, practical guide with clinical pearls and references for further reading

COVID19 pandemics has had profound consequences on public health and has represented a challenge for several medical specialties. Despite this was underestimated at the beginning of the outbreak, COVID19 is actually impacting on women and children health, as well. The consequences in this field are multifaceted and complex as they span from the occurrence of COVID19 in pregnant patients, to the possibility of SARS-CoV-2 mother-to-child transmission, the occurrence of neonatal COVID and pediatric sequelae. COVID19 and the related public health measures may also have important consequences on psychological well-being and organization of perinatal care as well as they raise relevant ethical issues. All these aspects were at risk to be forgotten within the many others highlighted by the pandemics but are important both for individual care and also from a political point of view and the organization of care. There is a large demand of high-quality education, information and training in thisfield and we answered that by organising the COVID19 in Pregnancy and Childhood Days: this book represents the hard legacy of this event with the contribution of key opinion leaders in all the aforementioned specialties. The book is answering a clear need and is directed to: 1) obstetricians, 2) neonatologists, 3) pediatricians, 3) public health specialists, 4) adult critical care physicians, 5) infectious disease specialists, 5) psychologists. Last but not least, the informations resumed in the book are going to be useful for healthcare authorities to program perinatal care and improve it. The book will also serve as textbook for post-graduate courses and academic review resuming the state-of-the art knowledge on this area. Thus, it will be cited and used by researchers in the field: this is not a secondary characteristics as it may be quite difficult to find relevant informations, in this infodemic era, using the usual channels and databases.

This book aims to teach the reader about all aspects of maxillary cleft reconstruction, with emphasis on management of the patient born with a congenital anomaly, cleft lip and palate, which will usually have been managed by several different providers during earlier childhood. Clinical anatomy, clinical and imaging assessment (including the role of CBCT), orthodontic considerations, surgical repair techniques, the approach in special situations, and outcome evaluation are all thoroughly described. While the focus is especially on the patient with mixed dentition, due attention is paid to prior influences on that stage, as well as to the changes that will occur subsequently.Maxillary cleft reconstruction is a uniquely multidisciplinary component in reconstruction of cleft lip and palate. It is one of the most complex phases of rehabilitation, wherein orthodontics, dentistry, and surgery are immediately involved but presentation and eventual outcomes are heavily influenced byoperations during the first year of life and by growth that is unpredictable and iatrogenically altered. This book will be of high educational and practical value to all who have an interest in the management of patients with cleft lip and palate.

A celebration of the history and growth of the Adolescent Medicine program - Department of Pediatrics, University of Rochester (New York) Medical Center.

A guide to physical examination for Nurse Practitioners and other primary care providers. It helps you develop the range of skills required to assess children of all ages.

This book offers an update on several basic and clinical problems in neurosurgery compiled by internationally recognized experts.  This multi-thematic volume  will touch on a variety of topics: from  the role of women neurosurgeons in the last hundred year of the specialty history, to the pathogenesis of spinal dysraphism, to the convection-enhanced delivery of intracerebral antineoplastic drugs in children, through a review of methods and applications. The intraoperative cerebral blood flow monitoring in neurosurgery will be also discussed, offering again a comprehensive review of contemporary technologies and emerging perspectives.  As for the  technical standards, the book will describe the multimodality approach to cerebral gliomas, the management of thalamic tumors, the intracavitary treatment of craniopharyngiomas, the long term results of spasticity treatments,  the surgical treatment of  spinal vascular malformations, the management of idiopathic and refractory syringomyelia, offering at the same time an update of peripheral nerve surgery. All the chapters have to be considered an advance in the relative fields,  in cerebral pathophysiology and in clinical management.   Approaching the issue of technical standards  in the everyday clinical practice of neurosurgery,  this book is of great interest for neurosurgeons, neurologists and orthopaedists.

Many fields of medicine have looked at the issue of transitioning care from pediatrics to adults. This book focuses on that transition within the field of sleep medicine. This book gathers and presents in volume information that will assist practitioners to transition the care of their pediatric patients suffering from sleep disorders. The book will discuss anatomical, physiological and psychological aspects as children grow into adulthood. Specifically, changes in brain function and anatomy, cardiorespiratory function and anatomy, and changes in facial structure are explored. Also discussed are the tools that are used for assessing sleep and how it may apply differently to children and adults. Chapters cover each group of sleep disorders with focus on how the diagnosis, prognosis, and management may change with the transition from childhood through adolescence to adulthood. In addition, gaps in needs and research are discussed.

This book provides a concise overview of neonatal imaging. After a short clinical introduction on the crucial role of imaging in diagnosing and treating neonatal conditions, it discusses the various methods (ultrasound, digital radiography, fluoroscopy, CT, and MRI) available and explains in detail how they have to be adapted for neonatal applications. Chapters feature imaging findings and differential diagnoses for the most common neonatal conditions. Additionally, some relevant aspects of foetal imaging are presented. Written by an interdisciplinary team, Imaging in Neonates is a practical resource for daily use in the ward for all medical professionals involved in treating neonates.

This book is a reference source containing all the relevant information about Developmental Dysplasia of the Hip (DDH), for people who practice or utilize hip sonography for the early detection and treatment of DDH. It aims at improving the population screening for DDH, thus contributing to the elimination of the disorder and its devastating consequences.What makes this book different from existing literature is the fact that, apart from the (updated) information about the disorder (including development, pathophysiology, etiology, pathogenesis, risk factors etc.) and a short technical guidance, the reader will find all relevant knowledge to organize training and set up screening.  This includes analysis of the rationale behind universal sonographic screening, a comparative presentation of the sonographic techniques, teaching course structure / management and setting up a screening service, including audit, quality control of the scans etc.Special chapters about radiological diagnosis, imaging the consequences of non-diagnosis or maltreatment of the disorder, clinical management of DDH cases and shaping the future of hip sonography, are also provided.The book will be of interest to any medical doctor, but in particular to those working in the fields of radiology, pediatrics, orthopedics or general medicine, sonographers performing hip scans, or specialist nurses dealing with DDH.

Dermatology is one of the most challenging branches of medicine, as diagnosis mostly relies on the morphology of the lesions. In this regard, relevant differences based on the patient¿s phototype exist, and recognizing this variability increases diagnostic accuracy. This richly illustrated atlas with over 900 original illustrations, gathers the pioneering experience of international experts, and provides a detailed insight into the clinical and dermoscopic presentation of inflammatory, infiltrative and infectious dermatoses as well as hair and nail disorders for both fair and dark skin, pointing out any relevant differences according to the skin tone. This handy volume, which also includes still unpublished details and less common dermatological conditions, is intended to support the clinical practice of physicians primarily dealing with either light or dark skin and will be of help in a multiethnic context, growingly common in our globalized world. Written for dermatologists, dermato-pathologists, residents and anyone performing dermoscopy, this atlas will be a valued companion for the effective diagnosis of various skin, hair and nail disorders across the wide skin color spectrum.)

This comprehensive handbook explores the many issues affecting children¿s physical and mental health. Its coverage spans a broad range of topics, exploring the history and foundations of clinical child psychology as well as the discipline¿s theories, research base, ethical and legal implications, and diagnostic systems, including the NIMH¿s Research Domain Criteria (RDoC). The handbook examines family risk factors for children (e.g., parental stress, divorce, and depression) and provides leading-edge reviews of cognitive variables (e.g., theories of memory, executive function, theories of intelligence, theory of mind and cognitive tempo). In addition, it describes methods of assessment, including checklists, interviews, and methods of treatment (e.g., cognitive behavior therapy, mindfulness, and family therapy). Chapters focus on assessment of specific diagnostic categories, such as depression, anxiety, selective mutism, ADHD, and pediatric topics, including chronic pain, childhood cancer, childhood obesity, and toilet training. Finally, the book addresses such emerging issues as gender diversity, social justice, cyberbullying, internet gaming disorder and the impact of COVID-19.Key areas of coverage include:Foundations of clinical child psychology.Cognition and clinical child psychology.Testing, assessment, and treatment methods in child psychology.Neurodevelopmental and pediatric disorders in childhood.Assessment and treatments for challenging behaviors in children.Assessment and treatments for psychopathologies in children. The Handbook of Clinical Child Psychology is a must-have resource for researchers, professors, graduate students, clinicians, therapists, and professionals in clinical child and school psychology, child and adolescent psychiatry, social work, public health, pediatrics as well as special education, developmental psychology, nursing, and all interrelated disciplines.

This excellently illustrated book, now in a revised and extended second edition, not only describes the radiological findings which can be found in child abuse cases but also places them in a forensic perspective ¿ a crucial aspect often underrepresented in radiological books. The aim is to enable physicians involved in non-accidental trauma cases to interpret radiological findings in light of the forensic circumstances under which these findings have arisen. Accordingly, the book will assist in determining whether a fracture is accidental or the result of abuse. Fractures are addressed not only by anatomical location but also by trauma mechanism, with careful attention to evidence regarding the reported mechanism and the clinical outcome. Drawing on the latest literature, the authors explain whether a particular form of trauma can cause a particular injury and identify where the reader can find the supporting evidence. The book will be essential reading and a superb reference for all who are involved in the diagnosis of child abuse, including pediatricians, emergency room physicians, and radiologists. It will also be a valuable resource for legal medicine physicians, lawyers, and judges.

In this issue of Psychiatric Clinics, guest editors Drs. Paula Riggs, Jesse D. Hinckley, and J. Megan Ross bring their considerable expertise to the topic of Adolescent Cannabis Use. Marijuana use has been an ongoing problem for teens and adolescents, but with the legalization of marijuana in many parts of the U.S., accessibility is becoming greater than ever before. Marijuana use in teens can have negative physical, social, and psychological impacts, and this issue is designed to help practicing clinicians address marijuana use and abuse in their patients.· Contains 13 practice-oriented topics including the impact of cannabis legalization on adolescent cannabis use; cannabis use disorder; the impact of adolescent cannabis use on neurocognitive and brain development; prevention; screening, brief, intervention, and referral to treatment; brief interventions for cannabis use disorder; and more. · Provides in-depth clinical reviews on adolescent cannabis use, offering actionable insights for clinical practice. · Presents the latest information on this timely, focused topic under the leadership of experienced editors in the field. Authors synthesize and distill the latest research and practice guidelines to create clinically significant, topic-based reviews.

In this issue of Clinics in Perinatology, guest editors Drs. Ravi Mangal Patel and Amy Keir bring their considerable expertise to the topic of Neonatal Transfusion Medicine. Transfusions to neonates convey both benefits and risks, and evidence-based data for possible adverse effects, preterm morbidities, mortality, and neuro-developmental problems associated with transfusions is needed to make decisions for proper care. This issue fills the gap of evidence-based knowledge in order to improve outcomes in patients. Contains 9 practice-oriented topics including potential mechanisms mediating harm from platelet transfusions in neonates; plasma transfusion in the neonate; neonatal blood banking practices; transfusion in neonatal ECMO; allogenic cord blood transfusion in infants; and more.  Provides in-depth clinical reviews on neonatal transfusion medicine, offering actionable insights for clinical practice.  Presents the latest information on this timely, focused topic under the leadership of experienced editors in the field. Authors synthesize and distill the latest research and practice guidelines to create clinically significant, topic-based reviews.

In this issue of Pediatric Clinics of North America, guest editor Dr. Margaret R. Moon brings her considerable expertise to the topic of Everyday Ethics in the Clinical Practice of Pediatrics and Young Adult Medicine. Conflicting moral obligations abound in pediatric medicine; competence in identifying and managing ethical concerns is integral to competence in pediatrics. Because most of pediatric care occurs in the outpatient setting, ethical issues arise often in routine clinical practice. This first-ever issue is devoted to medical ethics for the pediatrician, keeping in mind the rights and obligations of the physician, patient, and parent, as well as an understanding of widely accepted principles of medical ethics. Contains 11 practice-oriented topics including practical ethics for pediatricians; shared decision making in pediatrics; pediatrician as advocate and protector: balancing interests of children vs parents; collaborating with families on goals of care in a setting of medical complexity; and more. Provides in-depth clinical reviews on everyday ethics in the clinical practice of pediatrics and young adult medicine, offering actionable insights for clinical practice. Presents the latest information on this timely, focused topic under the leadership of experienced editors in the field. Authors synthesize and distill the latest research and practice guidelines to create clinically significant, topic-based reviews.

This book discusses all aspects infectious CNS pathology, including different bacterial, viral, fungal, mycoplasma and protozoan pathogens, accompanied by illustrations that show macro- and histopathological changes. It also presents microbiological, epidemiological and clinical data, with a particular focus on meningitis and encephalitis of different bacterial and viral aetiologies, influenza, COVID-19  and other viral and bacterial generalized infections. Further, the book explores the importance of mixed infections, including those in the late stages of HIV infection, as well as pathological changes in different age groups including newborns. A special chapter is devoted to the probable role of biological pathogens in noninfectious brain pathology.

This is a practical guide to pediatric vascular access. It covers how to use ultrasound appropriately, how to prevent and manage early and late complications, and how to correctly place the catheter tip using ECG or radiology. It includes all the most modern approaches and devices. In particular, the best approach for some specific populations is covered, including neonates and infants, complex patients, and children with cancer or renal failure requiring long term treatments. A guide on how to establish a vascular access team in a pediatric hospital is included, including the costs and benefits of having this hospital-based team.Vascular Access in Neonates and Children is aimed at pediatric anesthesists and surgeons, and radiologists, pediatricians and other specialities may also find it of interest.

Dr. Richard Polin's Neonatology Questions and Controversies series highlights the toughest challenges facing physicians and care providers in clinical practice, offering trustworthy guidance on up-to-date diagnostic and treatment options in the field. In each volume, renowned experts address the clinical problems of greatest concern to today's practitioners, helping you handle difficult practice issues and provide optimal, evidence-based care to every patient.The thoroughly updated, full-color, 4th Edition of Gastroenterology and Nutrition: Provides in-depth clinical overviews of both common and rare neonatal GI and nutritional disorders, offering guidance based on the most up-to-date understanding of underlying pathophysiology. Places emphasis on controversial areas that can entail different approaches. Features the most current clinical information throughout, including the dynamic composition of human milk for precision nutrition, how the developmental biology of the GI tract relates to optimizing nutrition for the most vulnerable infants, interactions of the gut with the brain and other organs, associations between the GI tract and nutritional health and disease with individual nutrients, microbes, and metabolites, and more. Covers rapidly emerging technologies such as artificial intelligence and multiomics for predictive analytics, as well as in augmenting our understanding of mechanisms of pathophysiology. Discusses how diagnoses such as sepsis, bronchopulmonary dysplasia, and central nervous system disorders relate to a breakdown of homeostasis in the intestinal tract. Utilizes a consistent chapter organization to help you find information quickly and easily, and contains numerous charts, graphs, radiographic images, and photographs throughout. Offers the most authoritative advice available from world-class neonatologists who share their knowledge of new trends and developments in neonatal care. An eBook version is included with purchase. The eBook allows you to access all of the text, figures and references, with the ability to search, customize your content, make notes and highlights, and have content read aloud. Additional digital ancillary content may publish up to 6 weeks following the publication date. Purchase each volume individually, or get the entire 7-volume Neonatology Questions and Controversies set, which includes online access that allows you to search across all titles! Gastroenterology and Nutrition Hematology and Transfusion Medicine Neonatal Hemodynamics Infectious Disease, Immunology, and Pharmacology Renal, Fluid, and Electrolyte Disorders Neurology The Newborn Lung

Around 1 in 6 of the world¿s children live in a conflict zone, and of these 357 million children, 165 million are affected by high intensity conflicts. Pediatric war injuries pose a huge challenge to health professionals treating such patients. The evidence base on the quality and scale of this challenge is scarce, and the majority of clinicians treating these patients are either not sufficiently experienced in the treatment of war injuries, are not pediatric surgeons, or both. The majority of the evidence in the literature comes from a small subset of children who were managed in well-resourced military facilities that differ drastically from the conditions in which the majority of war wounded children are treated.This book - the first of its kind - is a comprehensive and state-of-the art guide for both local and humanitarian non-pediatric specialists who are often forced to operate on and treat children with war injuries with little or no previous experience or training. It provides healthcare workers in conflict settings with knowledge and practical advice on the entire continuum of care, from point of injury, to treatment and reconstruction, to rehabilitation and mental health support. It is comprised of concise yet comprehensive overviews of the current status of the pediatric war casualty patient treatment and will help guide patient management based on evidence from the literature, clinical and surgical experience and ongoing research and will stimulate investigative efforts in this dynamic and active field of war medicine. The book draws on the knowledge and long experience of clinicians at the American University of Beirut Medical Center, one of the largest tertiary care and referral centers in the Middle East, which has been the foremost civilian academic hospital treating war injuries, both adult and pediatric, initially from the Lebanese war and then the Iraqi and Syrian wars.

Dieser neue Band aus der bewährten Springer-Reihe Fragen und Antworten präsentiert über 2000 Fakten aus der Pädiatrie. Mit dem Buch können Prüflinge über klassische MC-Fragen die wichtigsten Symptome, Krankheitsbilder und diagnostischen Techniken aus der Kinder- und Jugendmedizin wiederholen, die für die Prüfung und den Alltag relevant sind. Ideal zur Vorbereitung auf die Facharztprüfung und als Wissenstest.