Billeddiagnostik

This second edition is primarily dedicated to MR-Enterography, an imaging modality whose reliability for intestinal assessment in patients suffering from inflammatory bowel diseases has gained increasing consensus.The performance of this technique has been significantly enlarged over the last years, due to its undoubted advantages in terms of exhaustive evaluation of the abdominal cavity and safeness due to the lack of radiation exposure. The first part is focused on MR-Enterography standard protocol. Nevertheless, additional sequences, technical novelties and common pitfalls are reported and discussed.  In the second section, the typical intestinal and extra-intestinal findings related to Crohn's disease are described in detail. In this edition, more emphasis has been put on practical topics, useful in the daily clinical practice: anatomical changes after surgical procedures, structured reporting and emerging clinical applications over inflammatory bowel diseases.Another part is dedicated to Magnetic Resonance Imaging of the anal canal, including technical aspects and clinical implications.The text is largely complemented by diagnostic images. Nonetheless, at the end of the book 30 illustrated cases show different clinical scenarios evaluated with MR-Enterography and Magnetic Resonance Imaging of the anal canal.

The advent of X-ray Computed Tomography (CT) as a tool for the soil sciences almost 40 years ago has revolutionised the field. Soil is the fragile, thin layer of material that exists above earth's geological substrates upon which so much of life on earth depends. However a major limitation to our understanding of how soils behave and function is due to its complex, opaque structure that hinders our ability to assess its porous architecture without disturbance. X-ray imagery has facilitated the ability to truly observe soil as it exists in three dimensions and across contrasting spatial and temporal scales in the field in an undisturbed fashion. This book gives a comprehensive overview of the "e;state of the art"e; in a variety of application areas where this type of imaging is used, including soil water physics and hydrology, agronomic management of soils, and soil-plant-microbe interactions. It provides the necessary details for entry level readers in the crucial areas of sample preparation, scanner optimisation and image processing and analysis. Drawing on experts across the globe, from both academia and industry, the book covers the necessary "e;dos and don'ts"e;, but also offers insights into the future of both technology and science. The wider application of the book is provided by dedicated chapters on how the data from such imagery can be incorporated into models and how the technology can be interfaced with other relevant technical applications. The book ends with a future outlook from the four editors, each of whom has over 20 years of experience in the application of X-ray CT to soil science.

This book describes the roles magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) can play in deep brain stimulation (DBS). DBS therapeutically modulates aberrant neural circuits implicated in a broad range of neurological disorders. Following surgical insertion, an electrode placed into the desired brain target generates constant electricity, analogous to a cardiac pacemaker. Most commonly employed in movement disorders such as Parkinson's disease, dystonia, and tremor, DBS is also being investigated for use in psychiatric and cognitive disorders, including depression and Alzheimer's disease. It is estimated that more than 230,000 patients have undergone DBS surgery worldwide. Imaging techniques, specifically MRI, have played key roles in the preoperative and postoperative aspects of DBS.  This book focuses on the established as well as the innovative roles of MRI in DBS. MRI and DBS are first introduced from an historical perspective and a review of the clinical aspects of DBS is performed. Then, the preoperative and postoperative applications of MRI in DBS are covered. The crucial aspect of MRI safety in these patients is also discussed. Finally, possible upcoming MRI applications for patients with DBS are discussed in a future directions chapter. Chapters are written by experts from the University of Toronto, a world leader in the field of DBS, alongside international co-authors to ensure a thorough review of the topics. This is an ideal guide for both clinicians (neurosurgeons, neurologists, psychiatrists, and neuroradiologists) and researchers as well as trainees interested in neuroimaging for DBS.

This book addresses X-Ray Imaging Systems intended for biomedical engineering technology students and practitioners, and deals with the major technical components of x-ray imaging modalities. These modalities include film-based imaging, digital radiography, and computed tomography. Furthermore, principles and concepts essential to the understanding of how these modalities function will be described. These include fundamental radiation physics, imaging informatics, quality control, and radiation protection considerations.X-Ray Imaging Systems for Biomedical Engineering Technology: An Essential Guide is intended for biomedical engineering technologists, who provide technical advice and services relating to digital radiography and CT departments not only in hospitals but in private facilities as well. Students in radiological technology programs may also find this to be a useful resource.

Breast cancer remains the leading cause of cancer in women, which makes accurate diagnoses on core needle biopsy (CNB) specimens of vital importance in staging and guiding therapy decisions for patients. The first edition of this multi-authored text written by leaders in the field from major academic medical centers provided a comprehensive guide on diagnostic breast pathology in the core biopsy setting. In addition to in-depth coverage of benign and malignant entities encountered in breast core biopsies, the book provided additional resources to improve diagnostic accuracy such as pattern-based approaches to evaluation, mimickers of breast lesions arising in extra-mammary sites, and pitfalls specific to small tissue samples. In recent years, there have been several notable developments in the field of breast pathology including revisions in AJCC breast cancer staging, updated guidelines in the testing and reporting of ER, PR, and HER2, as well as implementation of immunotherapy and companion biomarker testing. In addition, several key updates were included in the most recent edition of the WHO Classification of Breast Tumours (2020). In addition to updates specific to individual breast entities, the second edition will detail updates regarding biomarker testing in the primary and metastatic setting, and incorporate newly defined entities and updated definitions of rare tumors in alignment with the WHO Classification of Breast Tumours (2020). Furthermore, this edition will address the role of CNB in companion biomarker testing for eligibility for immunotherapy in the context of advanced triple-negative breast carcinoma. Written by leaders in the field and edited by expert breast pathologists, The Second Edition of Comprehensive Guide to Core Needle Biopsies of the Breast is the definitive reference on breast core needle biopsies for practicing pathologists, pathology trainees, oncologists and clinicians of patients with breast disease.

The second edition of this essential text provides readers with a detailed guide to performing various percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) techniques for treating coronary chronic total occlusion (CTO). PCI continues to be an effective procedure to help patients with this pathology, with high success and low complications rates. Chapters feature a step-by-step approach to relevant techniques and describe their potential pitfalls, enabling the reader to develop a thorough understanding of how to perform those procedures successfully. Details of the latest methods for angiography analysis and the management of ostial CTOs, plus heavily revised chapters on topics such as contemporary device-based antegrade dissection and the retrograde approach through septal and non-septal collateral channels ensure that this Work remains the most up-to-date reference on the subject.Percutaneous Intervention for Coronary Chronic Total Occlusion: The Hybrid Approach represents a vital reference to assist practicing and trainee interventional cardiologist in learning these techniques. Various examples are provided, with a vast selection of still images and angiographic video loops to enable the reader become confident in applying these methodologies into their day-to day clinical practice.

Now in its 3rd edition with new and revised content! This book is the premier resource for interpretation of computed tomography (CT) for non-radiologists! This book provides a basic introduction to the interpretation of CT imaging for non-radiology medical professionals. The book covers the fundamentals of CT diagnosis, including the key findings to make diagnoses, relevant anatomy, pathology and current treatments. The authors also provide guidance on interpreting CT images, with chapters devoted to specific anatomical regions, such as the head, neck, chest, spine, abdomen, and pelvis. The book emphasizes the power of CT imaging to diagnose pathology which directs treatment planning. Overall, CT for the Non-Radiologist serves as the essential resource for medical professionals who may encounter CT images in their practice but do not have specialized training in radiology. This is the Essential CT Study Guide!

In this issue of MRI Clinics, guest editors Drs. Reza Forghani and Ashok Srinivasan bring their considerable expertise to the topic of Demyelinating and Inflammatory Lesions of the Brain and Spine. Top experts in the field provide multiple articles on multiple sclerosis, as well as articles on bacterial, fungal, and viral infections of the brain and spine.Contains 10 relevant, practice-oriented topics including demyelinating disease: NMO spectrum disorders and variants; toxic and drug-related white matter diseases of the brain and spine; bacterial and viral infectious diseases of the brain; bacterial and viral infectious diseases of the spine; multiple sclerosis: clinical update and clinically-oriented radiologic reporting; basic science of neuroinflammation and involvement of the inflammatory response in disorders of the nervous system; and more.Provides in-depth clinical reviews on demyelinating and inflammatory lesions of the brain and spine, offering actionable insights for clinical practice.Presents the latest information on this timely, focused topic under the leadership of experienced editors in the field. Authors synthesize and distill the latest research and practice guidelines to create clinically significant, topic-based reviews.

In this issue of Neuroimaging Clinics, guest editors Drs. Joseph Gemmete and Zachary Wilseck bring their considerable expertise to the topic of Advanced Imaging in Ischemic and Hemorrhagic Stroke. Top experts in the field discuss metabolic imaging such as PET, in vivo O17 MRS imaging, quantitative sodium MR imaging, pharmacological MRI (pHMRI), dual-energy CT, vessel wall imaging, and more.Contains 11 relevant, practice-oriented topics including CT/CTA/perfusion in acute ischemic stroke/vasospasm; MRI/MRA/perfusion in acute ischemic stroke and vasospasm; MR imaging of cerebral aneurysmal wall for rupture risk; dual-energy CT in imaging of acute ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke; metabolic imaging of acute ischemic stroke (PET, spectroscopy, O17 imaging, sodium imaging, PH imaging); and more.Provides in-depth clinical reviews on advanced imaging in ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke, offering actionable insights for clinical practice.Presents the latest information on this timely, focused topic under the leadership of experienced editors in the field. Authors synthesize and distill the latest research and practice guidelines to create clinically significant, topic-based reviews.

In this issue of Radiologic Clinics, guest editors Drs. Sandeep Hedgire and Prashant Nagpal bring their considerable expertise to the topic of Advances and Innovations in Cardiovascular Imaging. Top experts in the field provide a complete review of cardiovascular CT imaging, covering principles and practice, the heart, the aorta, upper and lower extremities, and visceral vessels, as well as the role of artificial intelligence in cardiac imaging.Contains 15 relevant, practice-oriented topics including CT imaging of cardiac valves; pre- and post-transcatheter valve planning CT (TAVR, TMVR, TTVR, TPVR); the role of AI in cardiac imaging; CTA after transcatheter and surgical aortic interventions; coronary artery disease: the role of CT and recent advances; and more.Provides in-depth clinical reviews on advances and innovations in cardiovascular imaging, offering actionable insights for clinical practice.Presents the latest information on this timely, focused topic under the leadership of experienced editors in the field. Authors synthesize and distill the latest research and practice guidelines to create clinically significant, topic-based reviews.

This book presents an in-depth guide to transcatheter arterialization of the deep veins (TADV). TADV or deep venous arterialization (DVA) is an emerging technological and clinical solution for patients with peripheral artery disease who have no options for limb salvage based on conventional vascular techniques. It serves to salvage limbs in patients who would otherwise be amputated. For TADV to be successful in preventing amputation patient selection, pre-procedure imaging, technical expertise, and post-operative wound management must be optimized. The book takes a step-by-step approach to TADV to guide the clinical team through the patient journey from meeting a potential candidate for TADV through to saving the leg. Chapters provide a reference for patient selection, procedural steps, and post-operative wound care management. This is an ideal guide for vascular surgeons, interventional radiologists, interventional cardiologists, trainees, and all medical professionals caring for patients with severe peripheral artery disease potentially facing amputation.

The second edition of this atlas focuses on imaging methods and techniques, new diagnostic concepts and therapeutic approaches in management of pancreatic neoplasms. Although interest in pancreatic pathology is very high in the radiological and gastroenterological communities, less is known about it than about, for example, liver pathology. Diagnosis depends on the structure of the pancreatic lesion, which can be directly visualized in US, CT or MR images.The book's focus is very much on the imaging and pathological appearances, with most of the text concentrated at the beginning of the book followed by images gallery. A comprehensive overview is provided of typical and atypical presentations and diverse aspects of common and rare pancreatic tumors, including ductal adenocarcinomas with dedicated chapter to ductal adenocarcinoma downstaging, neuroendocrine neoplasms, cystic pancreatic neoplasms and intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms. The Verona "e;Pancreas Centre,"e; the first institute of its kind in Italy and one of very few in the world, pursues an interdisciplinary approach to treating the problems of this organ, focusing on the patient, on research, and on teaching. A dedicated center that can look back on 40 years of tradition, many of its respected specialists have made essential contributions in surgery, gastroenterology, oncology, pathology, and radiology. Given its scope, this atlas will be an invaluable asset, helping radiologists understand the underlying pathology and helping pancreatic pathologists understand the imaging translation.

This book comprehensively reviews LM revascularization, one of themost technically challenging and prognostically relevant topics forcardiologists. LM carries blood to 70-80% of the normal heart, anddiseases affecting this coronary segment are a common cardiac condition.Beginning in the sixties, management was exclusively within thedomain of cardiac surgeons, and recent dramatic changes in percutaneoustechniques have led to huge improvements but have alsobrought significant surgical challenges. In the book, top cardiac surgeonsdescribe current and future operative techniques, while leadinginterventional cardiologists discuss new bifurcation techniques. This bookalso investigates the recently released European Society of CardiologyGuidelines in detail.Featuring the latest scientific studies with long-term follow up, anddetailed descriptions of the techniques used, this book provides comprehensiveguidance for any clinician, and is a valuable resource forcardiologists, interventional cardiologists, cardiac surgeons andinternists.This is an open access book.

This comprehensive book is divided into 6 parts that cover all topics related to cerebrospinal fluid (CSF ) rhinorrea. It provides in-depth theoretical and practical knowledge, and includes teaching material as well as evidence-based scientific content.The introductory part presents the skull base anatomy, CSF physiology, pathophysiology of skull base defects as well as the role of imaging in this condition. The second and third parts provide details of different diagnostic features and conservative management. The fourth and central part thoroughly illustrates surgical approaches for this clinical condition and follows a similar structure, describing each surgical procedure step-by-step.  The fifth part sheds light on the postoperative management and the long-term follow up, while the last part addresses miscellaneous topics, such as quality of life, outcome measures, and medico-legal issues. The book is enriched by a wealth of high-quality figures and online videos that illustrate real-world clinical cases, and each chapter features a summary box, key points and a conclusion. The contributors are leading experts in the field and include authorities and inventors of skull base surgical approaches and reconstruction techniques. The multidisciplinary panel of authors - from 6 continents - consists of neurosurgeons, radiologists and anesthesiologists. The book is intended for medical, surgical and paramedic professionals, and is a valuable resource for all levels - from medical students to consultants.

This book focuses on biomedical applications of polarized light, covering instrumentation and modeling specific to the field. This will be the first book, written by leading researchers in the field, to tackle this important topic. Readers will learn the fundamentals of polarized light transport and how to develop instrumentation for clinical and preclinical studies. They will also become familiar with the latest advancement in data analysis and image processing for a variety of medical applications. The book is dedicated specifically to the biomedical community, including scientists, engineers, and physicians working on the development of instrumentation for clinical and preclinical use.Emphasizes biomedical imaging and sensing;Describes new computational approaches with examples;Provides detailed descriptions of novel instrumentation.

Tuberculosis is among the top 10 causes of death worldwide.The WHO clearly proposed that drug-resistant tuberculosis is one of the three major challenge in tuberculosis prevention and control .The book consists of detection of drug-resistant TB and its epidemics, laboratory examination for drug-resistant tubercle bacillus, pathogenic mechanism of drug-resistant TB and its diagnosis, differential diagnosis, treatment, prevention and prognosis of drug-resistant pulmonary TB. This book also focuses on the information of classic cases of drug-resistant TB, including mono-drug-resistant (including Rifampicin resistance, etc.), multidrug-resistant, poly-drug-resistant, extensive-drug-resistant (pre-extensive-drug-resistant), drug-resistant bronchial TB, and pediatric drug-resistant, as well as AIDS complicated with drug-resistant TB, and diagnosis and treatment of drug-resistant cervical TB lymphadenitis. The book also provided a comprehensive description and in-depth analysis for each selected case and a systematic explanation for latest cutting-edge issues, such as dynamic changes in images during the treatment of drug-resistant TB as well as the research and application of artificial intelligence in diagnosing drug-resistant TB, to further inspire our readers. This is a useful book to refer to for respiratory physicians, radiologists, and clinicians in preventive medicine, as well as government officials working in health policies.

This superbly illustrated book provides a thorough, up-to-date overview of diagnostic breast imaging and therapy. Drs. Elizabeth Morris, Michael Fuchsjager, and Thomas Helbich, three experts in the field, have collaborated with colleagues from their institutions and selected medical centers to share their expertise. The coverage ranges from basic information on imaging technologies and interventional equipment and how to use them optimally to the application of advanced high-end techniques for screening and assessment in any given professional environment. Readers will find clear instruction on the various breast interventional procedures guided by stereotaxis, ultrasound, and magnetic resonance imaging in wide clinical use. The management of patients with ductal carcinoma in situ and high-risk breast cancer is considered separately. Furthermore, the role of minimally invasive therapy is examined, and advice is provided on post-therapy evaluation, including breast implants. A comprehensive diagnostic atlas with hundreds of images completes this volume and addresses the spectrum of various clinical situations.

This book covers the latest developments in tissue electrical conductivity and current density imaging, increasingly popular as well as challenging applications of MRI. These applications are enabled by the acquisition of high-quality MR phase images. This book provides a practical description of the MRI physics needed to understand and acquire phase images in MRI and the key details required to reconstruct them into conductivity, current density or electric field distributions. Comprehensive details are provided about the electrical properties of biological tissues, computational modeling considerations, experimental methods, construction of non-biological and biological phantoms and MRI pulse sequences. An inclusive review of image reconstruction algorithms, and their potential applications is provided for applications directed at determining current density or electric fields, such as in transcranial DC or AC stimulation techniques; as well as electrical conductivity reconstructions that may be of use in quantitative MRI applications used to detect cancer or other pathologies. This is an excellent book for undergraduate and graduate students beginning to explore phase, current density, and conductivity imaging in MRI, and will also be of great use to researchers interested in the area of MR-based electrical property imaging.

This book offers detailed information on a variety of teaching techniques for radiology. Generational differences in communication and adult learning theory have led to changes in educational content delivery. Traditional didactic teaching methods are no longer embraced by students, requiring educators to learn and adopt new techniques. Radiologists currently in practice have little or no experience with these newer techniques, some thrust upon them abruptly by the COVID pandemic. In addition to practicing radiologists, the next generation of educators are currently in training and often do not receive instruction on educational theory and teaching techniques. It is incumbent upon members of the educational sphere to provide resources for these individuals. This work intends to provide just such a resource.The objectives of the book include:Explaining adult learning theory and brain-friendly teachingDescribing teaching techniques to leverage brain-friendly teachingReinforcing key points with links to online video-based lectures as an accompaniment to the textTopics covered across chapters include helping non-teaching faculty to teach, writing high quality MCQ questions, and teaching quality, safety, and professionalism. Each chapter will have one "e;key takeaway"e; chart at the conclusion of the chapter with high-yield key points highlighted in a bulleted format.This is an ideal guide for practicing radiologists, including those not currently working in academic centers. Faculty in non-academic centers can specifically benefit from chapters related to medical student, clinician and patient education. Future academic radiologists (i.e., fellows and residents) can benefit from the text as a foundation for careers in teaching hospitals and academic medical centers.

**Selected for Doody’s Core Titles® 2024 in Radiologic Technology**A sure grasp of cross-sectional anatomy is essential for accurate radiologic interpretation, and Sectional Anatomy by MRI and CT, 5th Edition, provides exactly the information needed in a highly illustrated, quick-reference format. New coverage of the cervical spine, brain, and thumb, as well as new on/off labels in the eBook version make this title an essential diagnostic tool for both residents and practicing radiologists.Features color-coded labels for nerves, vessels, muscles, bone tendons, and ligaments that facilitate accurate identification of key anatomic structures.Provides new on/off labels in the accompanying eBook, as well as scroll and zoom capabilities on photos for convenient access during interpretation sessions and real-time resident education.Presents carefully labeled MRIs for all body parts, as well as schematic diagrams and concise statements, to clarify correlations between bones and tissues.Includes CT scans for selected body parts to enhance anatomic visualization.Features 1165 state-of-the-art images that can be viewed in three standard planes: axial, coronal, and sagittal.An eBook version is included with purchase. The eBook allows you to access all of the text, figures, and references, with the ability to search, customize your content, make notes and highlights, and have content read aloud. Any additional digital ancillary content may publish up to 6 weeks following the publication date.

This book presents artificial intelligence applications that may help in detecting disease, defining tissue characterization (benign vs malignant), staging and correlation with molecular biomarkers. Originally positioned as a means for noninvasive molecular phenotyping and quantification in the 1970s, PET's technological improvements in the 2000s generated renewed interest in quantification, which has grown over the last five years. This progress is parallel with the development of Artificial intelligence (AI) systems for Oncology which aim at providing the best possible treatment to patients suffering from lung, breast, brain, prostate, liver and other types of cancer.The chapters provide an overview of the use of AI in PET/CT imaging for various types of cancer, and it will be an invaluable tool especially for nuclear medicine physicians and oncologists.

In this issue of PET Clinics, guest editor Dr. Rathan M. Subramaniam brings his considerable expertise to the topic of Clinical PET/CT: Quarter-Century Transformation of Oncology. The first PET-CT prototype for clinical evaluation was installed at the University of Pittsburgh Medical Center in 1998, and combined PET/CT scanners perform almost all PET scans today. These combined scans help pinpoint abnormal metabolic activity and may provide more accurate diagnoses than the two scans performed separately. In this issue, top experts discuss specific cancers where PET/CT is used and how it has transformed diagnosis in that area.Contains 14 relevant, practice-oriented topics on PET/CT transformation of oncology, including breast cancer, hepatobiliary and pancreatic cancer, gastric and colonic cancers, multiple myeloma, prostate cancer, and more.Provides in-depth clinical reviews on how PET/CT has transformed oncology over the last 25 years, offering actionable insights for clinical practice. Presents the latest information on this timely, focused topic under the leadership of experienced editors in the field. Authors synthesize and distill the latest research and practice guidelines to create clinically significant, topic-based reviews.

This book, the seventh in a series of proceedings volumes that began in 1995, reviews the latest developments in the diagnosis and management of cirrhosis and portal hypertension. It addresses a broad range of topics, including: risk stratification, HVPG, non-invasive surrogates for cACLD, CSPH, varices, progression and regression of cirrhosis, impact of etiological therapy on cirrhosis, impact of non-etiological novel therapies on cirrhosis, prevention of first/further decompensation, acute variceal hemorrhage, and Vascular Liver Disorders in Cirrhosis (VALDIG).The book is a compilation of lectures and important consensus statements from the Seventh Baveno International Consensus Workshop on Portal Hypertension, the latest in a series of workshops held every five years for hepatologists with an interest in the field. Portal Hypertension VII offers a valuable reference guide for clinical and research fellows in Gastroenterology and Hepatology and will inspire new research projects in the promising areas identified by the experts of the Baveno VII Faculty.

This book covers topical subjects within the field of death investigation, where changes in practice have recently occurred. The topics embrace the multi-disciplinary approach required for death investigation, and address advances in the fields of forensic fractography in relation to road traffic death investigations, pathology, MicroCt and 3D printing as applied to forensics. Chapters are written in a uniform easy-to-follow format to ensure they are accessible to both specialists and non-specialists in the field. Essentials of Autopsy Practice - Updates and Reviews to Aid Practice is a practical focused resource covering the latest advances in autopsy practice, making it an ideal resource for trainees, consultants, generalists and specialists, along with multi-disciplinary teams working in this field.

Comparing Nuclear Propulsion Technologies for Crewed Missions to MarsCurrent chemical propulsion systems are limited in their ability to support crewed missions to Mars due to their low propellant efficiency and long mission times. Nuclear propulsion technologies offer a potential solution to these challenges, as they are capable of producing higher thrust and propellant efficiency than chemical rockets.This paper compares three nuclear propulsion technologies for crewed missions to Mars: nuclear electric propulsion (NEP), nuclear thermal propulsion (NTP), and nuclear fusion propulsion (NFP). Each technology has its own advantages and disadvantages, and the best choice for a crewed Mars mission will depend on a number of factors, including mission requirements, cost, and risk.NEP systems are the most mature of the three technologies, and they have already been used successfully in a number of space missions. NEP systems use a nuclear reactor to generate electricity, which is then used to power an electric thruster. NEP systems are very efficient, but they produce relatively low thrust. As a result, NEP systems require longer mission times than other nuclear propulsion technologies.NTP systems are less mature than NEP systems, but they offer the potential for higher thrust and shorter mission times. NTP systems use a nuclear reactor to heat a propellant gas, which is then expelled through a nozzle to produce thrust. NTP systems are more efficient than chemical rockets, but they are also more complex and expensive to develop.NFP systems are the most advanced of the three technologies, but they are also the most speculative. NFP systems would use the fusion of atomic nuclei to generate energy, which could then be used to power a variety of propulsion systems. NFP systems have the potential to offer even higher thrust and shorter mission times than NTP systems, but they are still in the early stages of development.

This book equips readers with detailed knowledge on the current status of image-guided radiotherapy with photons and particles and highlights issues that need to be addressed in order to further improve treatment outcomes. The opening chapters cover clinical and technical aspects of target volume definition using anatomic (computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging; MRI) as well as functional (MRI and positron emission tomography) imaging. Up-to-date information is then provided on the full range of image-guided high-precision radiotherapy techniques, including IMRT/VMAT, stereotactic body radiation therapy, MR-guided linear accelerators, MR-guided brachytherapy, and particle therapy. The role of ultrasonography in image-guided radiotherapy is discussed, as are the available means for target volume demarcation and stabilization and adaptive radiation therapy. Finally, outcome evaluation is explored in depth, with a particular focus on the role of multimodality imaging in predicting tumor control and normal tissue toxicity. The authors are experts in different specialties and the book will be of high value for radiation oncologists, medical physicists, radiologists, nuclear medicine physicians, and radiation technicians.