Kulturgeografi

This book deals with foodscapes, which are still a relatively young field of research in the social sciences and were first addressed in the context of questions of spatial inequality in the mid-1990s. In addition to an introduction to various landscape concepts as well as a brief historical outline on the geographical study of food, the volume focuses on the multidimensionality of foodscapes and illustrates this with two case studies.

Dieses Open Access Buch erarbeitet konkrete Ansatzpunkte, wie die kommunale Praxis in Politik und Verwaltung Beiträge zur Ernährungswende Richtung Nachhaltigkeit leisten kann. Dabei wird u.a. aufgezeigt, dass die Aufgaben von Städten und Gemeinden, beispielsweise bei der öffentlichen Beschaffung, in Planungsfragen oder bei der Wirtschaftsförderung, bereits weit in ernährungsrelevante Bereiche hineinreichen und somit wichtige Hebelpunkte für nachhaltige Praktiken bestehen.

This open access short reader investigates how migration has become an increasingly important issue in international relations since the turn of the 21st century. It investigates specific aspects of this migration diplomacy such as double citizenship or bilateral agreements on border controls which can become important tools for bargain or pressure. This short reader also discusses the intersections between migration and international relations concerning issues of global governance such as conflicts and refugees, development and mobility, or environmental migration. The book thereby shows the extent of bargaining involved in migration and international relations, the so called ¿soft diplomacy of migrations¿ as seen in the EU/Turkish agreement on borders in 2016, or the EU negotiations with Maghreb or Sub-Saharan countries on read missions against development programs and visas. As such this reader provides a must read to students, academics, researchers and policymakers and everyone who wants to learn more about the international relations aspects of migration governance.

Angesichts einer fortschreitenden Urbanisierung und der ungeheuren Erfolgsgeschichte der Siedlungsform "Stadt" wird selten die paradoxe Kehrseite dieser Geschichte in den Blick genommen. Seit 5000 Jahren steht der Entstehung von Städten ihr Untergang gegenüber. Verlassene Städte sind ein geradezu allgegenwärtiges Phänomen aller Zeiten und Regionen. Die in den Band versammelten Aufsätze unterschiedlicher Disziplinen beschreiben, wie von der Antike bis in die aktuelle Zeitgeschichte Stadtruinen wahrgenommen wurden. Ihre Interpretation, Instrumentalisierung und symbolische wie inhaltliche Aufladung verrät sehr viel über die Kulturen, in denen diese Prozesse zu beobachten sind. In einem faszinierenden Spektrum, das vom antiken Nahen Osten, Kleinasien und Italien über das präkolumbianische Nordamerika und Europa des 19. Jahrhunderts bis in den heutigen Oman, Palästina, die Mongolei, die USA oder nach Osteuropa reicht, wird die vielfältige Deutung von Ruinen und ihre Rolle in politischen, kulturellen und sozialen Verständigungen und Kontroversen thematisiert. Verlassene Städte erweisen sich auf diese Weise als ein zentrales und äußerst fruchtbares Thema der Kultur-, Kunst- und politischen Geschichte.

This book offers insight into the relationship between prehistoric and protohistoric human populations and the world around them. It reconstructs key aspects of the palaeoenvironment ¿ from large-scale drivers of environmental conditions, such as climate, to more regional variables such as vegetation cover and faunal communities. The volume underscores how computational archaeology is leading the way in the study of past human-environment interactions across spatial and chronological scales. With the increased availability of high-resolution climate models, agent-based modelling, palaeoecological proxies and the mature use of Geographic Information System in ecological modelling, archaeologists working in interdisciplinary settings are well-positioned to explore the intersection of human systems and environmental affordances and constraints. These methodological advancements provide a better understanding of the role humans played in past ecosystems ¿ both in terms of their impact upon the environment and, in return, the impact of environmental conditions on human systems. They may also allow us to infer past ecological knowledge and land-use patterns that are historically contingent, rather than environmentally determined. This volume gathers contributions that combine reconstructions of past environments and archeological data with a view to exploring their complex interactions at different scales and invites scholars from varying disciplines and backgrounds to present and compare different modelling approaches.

Despite the significance of urban justice in planning research and practice, how just societies and cities can be organised and achieved remains contested. Spatial justice provides an integrative and unifying theory concerning place, policies, people and their interplay, but ambiguities about its practical bases have undermined its application in planning. Through creating and substantiating a new conceptual framework comprising a morphological study, policy analysis and embodiment research, this book crystallises the spatiality of (in)justice and (in)justice of spatiality in the context of social housing redevelopment.Like many countries around the world, social housing in Aotearoa New Zealand is an area of contention, especially at the building and redevelopment stages. Protecting community character and human rights has been used by social housing tenants to resist changes, but the primary focus on material outcomes neglects broadening access toplanning processes. Compact, mixed tenure and sustainable (re)developments are regarded as the just built environment, as they enable equal accessibility to all. But there are contradictions between the planned spatiality of justice and individuals¿ socialised sensory space. Reconciliation of morphological differentiations in built forms and social cohesion remains a challenging task. This book focuses on the re-examination, integration and transferability of spatial justice. It makes a new contribution to urban justice theory by strengthening spatial justice and planning. Social housing areas are expected to adapt to changing social and economic demands while retaining much-valued established community character. This book also provides practical strategies for tackling complex planning problems in social housing redevelopment.

This book is about the social protection of lower-skilled migrants from Sri Lanka. It reasons out the importance of protecting Sri Lankan migrant workers considering the significant economic contribution of lower-skilled migrant workers and their higher level of exposure to risks at all stages of international migration: pre-departure, on the job, and after returnee reintegration.The book explores social protection programmes for low-skilled immigrants from three perspectives: legal aspects, national policies, and programmes. The chapter on legal background for protecting migrant workers focuses on declarations and on labour laws on the national and international level. Policies and programmes identify national level labour policies and other related policies that apply to migrant workers, as well as available social protection programmes for Sri Lankan migrant workers. In turn, the solutions for minimizing the related risks faced by Sri Lankan migrant workers. Highlighting the economic contribution of migrant workers and their vulnerability at all stages of migration, this book offers a timely and important contribution for policy makers and practitioners as well as scholars of migration studies, public policy and related fields.

This book aims to view and to understand Alexander von Humboldt from different perspectives and in varying disciplinary contexts. His contributions addressed numerous topics in the earth but also life sciences-spanning from geo-botany, climatology, paleontology, oceanography, mineralogy, resources, and hydrogeology to links between the environmental impact of humans, erosion, and climate change. From the very beginning, he paved the way for a modern, integrated earth system science approach to decipher, characterize, and model the different forcing factors and their feedback mechanisms. It becomes obvious that Humboldt's holistic approach is far beyond simple description and empiric data collection. As documented and analyzed in the different texts of this volume, he combines observation and analysis with emotions and subjective perceptions in a very affectionate way. However, this publication does not intend to add another encyclopedic text compilation but to observe and critically analyze this unique personality's relevance in a modern context, particularly in discussing environmental and social key issues in the twenty-first century.

This book is about the relationship between art and work in the cultural economy. It is an exploration of the experiences of people working in cultural and creative industries, and of the importance of place, identity, and culture in postindustrial society. Drawing on fieldwork exploring the conditions of cultural work, identity, and postindustrial cities in Newcastle upon Tyne, UK and Hamburg, Germany, the book argues that the conditions of work in the cultural economy are the result of a contradictory tension between art and economy, which manifests in various ways in artists¿ conditions of work, their identities, and their relationship to the changing landscapes of postindustrial cities. This is explored through a series of stories from people working in cultural and creative industries, in which they highlight significant contradictions, obstacles, and opportunities in negotiating the cultural economy, casting light on the importance of art and culture in postindustrial society.

Big Data Analytics for Smart Urban Systems aims to introduce Big data solutions for urban sustainability smart applications, particularly for smart urban systems. It focuses on intelligent big data which takes the benefits of machine learning to analyse large and rapidly changing datasets in smart urban systems. The state-of-the-art Big data analytics applications are presented and discussed to highlight the feasibility of big data and machine learning solutions to enhance smart urban systems, smart operations, urban management, and urban governance. The key benefits of this book are, (1) to introduce the principles of machine learning-enabled big data analysis in smart urban systems, (2) to present the state-of-the-art data analysis solutions in smart management and operations, and (3) to understand the principles of big data analytics for smart cities and communities. Endorsements¿Over the many years of collaboration between academia and industry, we noticed the common language is ¿big datä; with that, we have developed novel ideas to bridge the gaps and help promote innovation, technologies, and science¿.- Tian Tang, Independent Researcher, China ¿Big Data Analytics is a fascinating research area, particularly for cities and city transformations. This book is valuable to those who think vigorously and aim to act ahead¿.- Li Xie, Independent Researcher, China¿For urban critiques, knowledge trains aspiring opportunities toward outstanding manifestations. Smartness has evolved or/ advanced rambunctious & embracing realities along (with) novel directions and nurturing integrated city knowledge¿.- Aaron Golden, SELECT Consultants, UK

Si récentes qu'elles soient sur la terre, les créatures pensantes aspirent à connaître les origines de la grande nature qui les a précédées et les environne. Les philosophes ont longuement discuté sur le développement des êtres. Il est utile qu'à leur tour les paléontologistes apportent leur avis ; car les philosophes n'ont présenté que des vues de leur esprit ; ils n'ont pas eu de bases objectives. Pour saisir l'histoire du monde animé, il faut interroger les êtres fossiles...

The U.S. city is undergoing constant change. In the East and Midwest, most cities were founded as trading posts on waterways. They boomed during the industrial era and reached their population peak in the mid-20th century, before suburbanization and deindustrialization caused them to decline in importance. Traces of decay were everywhere, and the prognosis for the future was conceivably poor. As Barbara Hahn shows in her book, this trend now seems to have been broken: Things are looking up again for the US city. Some of the former industrial cities have succeeded in structural change. In the south and west of the country, cities have developed into new growth centers. However, not all cities are benefiting from this positive development, and many continue to shrink at an alarming rate. As the author points out, similar processes such as neoliberalisation, deregulation, privatisation and gentrification can be observed in all cities, regardless of their location and levelof development.Due to the large number of didactically prepared graphics, the book is suitable as a study read for students and scholars. The characteristics of the U.S. city, which are elaborated on the basis of current examples, as well as the illustrative photos also illustrate the change of the U.S. city to the interested reader.

This book offers in-depth ethnographic analyses of key informants¿ interviews on the ecological urbanism and ecosystem services (ES) of selected green infrastructure (GI) in Yoruba cities of Ile-Ife, Ibadan, Osogbo, Lagos, Abeokuta, Akure, Ondo, among others in Southwest Nigeria. It examines the Indigenous Knowledge System (IKS) demonstrated for wellbeing through home gardens by this largest ethno-linguistic group in Nigeria. This is in addition to the ES of Osun Grove UNESCO World Heritage Site, Osogbo; Biological Garden and Park, Akure; Lekki Conservation Centre, Lagos; Adekunle Fajuyi Park, Ado-Ekiti; Muri Okunola Park, Lagos; and some institutional GI including University of Ibadan Botanical Gardens, Ibadan; Federal University of Agriculture Abeokuta Botanical Garden, Abeokuta; and University of Lagos Lagoon Front Resort, Lagos, Nigeria. The study draws on theoretical praxis of Western biophilic ideologies, spirit ontologies of the Global South, and largely, Millennium Ecosystem Assessment (2005) to examine eco-cultural green spaces, home gardens, and English-types of parks and gardens as archetypes of GI in Yoruba traditional urbanism, colonial and post-colonial city planning. The book provides methods of achieving a form of modernized traditionalism as means of translating the IKS into design strategies for eco-cultural cities. The strategies are framework, model, and ethnographic design algorithms that are syntheses of the lived experiences of the key informants.

The use of small unoccupied aerial systems (sUAS) for acquiring close-range remotely sensed data has substantially increased in the past 5 years. A primary focus of early research was on physical systems and photogrammetric techniques. However, as sUAS technology continues to improve and more sophisticated payloads are utilized, such as lidar and multispectral cameras, applications have expanded to nearly all subdisciplines within Geography. This edited volume is intended to showcase the various ways in which sUAS are used in geographic research, including geomorphology, environmental and hazard monitoring, biogeography, and urban and sociocultural geography.

This volume focuses on the fourth Sustainable Development Goal (SDG), education, to look at sustainability from various angles with the purpose of challenging preconceptions about what sustainable education might entail and how it should be conducted. To this end, the book assembles scholars from various research fields and disciplines, who are willing to be at the cutting edge regarding sustainability and education on all levels with students in the ages of 6-15. Through this approach, the text points towards a "e;wild pedagogy"e; in line with post-sustainable thinking. This involves agency and the role of nature itself as a co-educator, and promotes cultural changes, and explorative processes of finding "e;the wild"e; - the unknown, and complexity in nature - and thus of challenging the human need for control. This approach is also, in line with the 2030 Agenda, an attempt to move from advocating predetermined behavioural change to embracing a pluralistic perspective on sustainability, based on holistic views on education. Such views include curiosity, wonderment, compassion and agency as guiding lights.  The book is structured into three sections, based on three interrelated strands. These strands are, in various ways, dependent on one another and further engaged with bringing education theory and practice together. These strands are 1) Belonging and sensing, 2) Critical thinking, social justice and action competence, and 3) Creating hope in a vanishing world. These strands aim to increase our access to and understanding of the ways in which sustainability can be integrated into education and why. The purpose of the text is to encourage educators of all kinds and levels, as well as scholars in different fields, to explore new perspectives on education for sustainable development. The book examines probes in diverse academic fields and focuses on how to combine different approaches and content, and therefore everyone interested in interdisciplinary and cross-curricular teaching and learning should find this work enlightening.   

The concept of smart cities holds environmental promises: that digital technologies will reduce carbon emissions, air pollution and waste, and help address climate change. Drawing on academic scholarship and two case studies from Manchester and Helsinki, this timely and accessible book examines what happens when these promises are broken, as they prioritise technological innovation rather than environmental care. The book reveals that smart cities' vision of sustainable digital future obfuscates the environmental harms and social injustices that digitisation inflicts. The framework of "broken promises", coined by the authors, centres environmental questions in analysing imaginaries and practices of smart cities. This is a must read for anyone interested in the connections between digital technologies and environment justice.

In the 21st century, global demographics are rapidly changing, with a higher population of middle-aged people than ever before. As the 'sandwich' generation, people in midlife often experience significant work and intergenerational caring responsibilities, yet they are the subject of relatively little research. This short, accessible book redresses the balance in offering a geographical approach to how people embody and claim space in midlife while analysing the influences of gender, class and location. The author considers midlife in varying sociocultural and geographical contexts, viewed through the lens of the global neoliberal shift.

Understanding justice, for many, begins with questions of injustice. This volume pushes us to consider the extent to which our scholarly and everyday practices are, or can become, socially just. In this edited collection, international contributors reflect on what the practice of 'justice' means to them, and discuss how it animates and shapes their research across diverse fields from international relations to food systems, political economy, migration studies and criminology. Giving insights into real life research practices for scholars at all levels, this book aids our understanding of how to employ and live justice through our work and daily lives.

Providing a much-needed perspective on exclusion and discrimination, this book offers a distinct spatial approach to the topic of hate studies. Of interest to academics and students of human geography, criminology, sociology and beyond, the book highlights enduring, diverse and uneven experiences of hate in contemporary society. The collection explores the intersecting experiences of those targeted on the basis of assumed and historically marginalized identities. It illustrates the role of specific spaces and places in shaping hate, why space matters for how hate is encountered and the importance of space in challenging cultures of hate. This analysis of who is able to use or abuse space offers a novel insight into discourses of hate and lived experiences of victimization.

This book evaluates local conservation successes of global south in the climate milieu, as an empirical evidence of 'Bio-rights' of commons at community-ecosystem interface for sustainable intensification of nature's goods and services. Bio-rights is a right-based neo-economic conservation paradigm that compensates the opportunity costs incurred in conservation efforts by the marginal communities, living near globally important ecosystems and dependent on it for their livelihood, through payments from environment services. The book would bring forth the true value of circular economic interventions in socio-ecological conservation, shaped through sustainable human interactions with nature. This multilevel study of conservation science serves an interdisciplinary academia, consistent with conventions on climate change, bio-diversity and sustainable development, to establish links between conservation priorities and development objectives. Herein, Bio-rights is introduced as a 'design approach' for production linked sustainable development, supplemented with case studies from the east.

This book addresses LGBTQ issues in relation to among others law and policy, mobility and migration, children and family, social well-being and identity, visible and invisible landscapes, teaching and instruction, parades, arts and cartography and mapping. A variety of research methods are used to explore identities, communities, networks and landscapes, all which can be used in subsequent research and classroom instruction and disciplinary and interdisciplinary levels. This extensive book stimulates future pioneering research ventures in rural and urban settings about existing and proposed LGBTQ policies, individual and group mapping, visible and invisible spaces, and the construction of public and private spaces. Through the methodologies and rich bibliographies, this book provides a rich source for future comparative research of scholars working in social work, NGOs and public policy, and community networking and development.

This book investigates domestic migration and migration intentions in China from the individual, city, and provincial levels. Since the 1990s, accompanying the rapid urbanization, an important feature of China's social transition is its large-scale interregional migration, which has reshaped China's economic geography and population distribution and greatly affected the socio-economic development. The floating population, migrants working and living in the destination cities without local hukou, have aroused wide public concern in the past decades. Based on China's national population census data and China Migrants Dynamic Survey data, this book comprehensively employs statistical analysis, spatial analysis, network analysis, econometric and spatial econometric methods to analyze the spatial pattern and influencing mechanism of internal migration and migration intentions of floating population from different levels and different perspectives. The research results of this book have significant policy implications for the urban governance on the floating population. The novelty of this book is that it comprehensively investigates domestic migration and migration intentions from the individual, city and provincial levels, combining their spatial patterns and network structures. It not only provides a wealth of case studies for domestic migration research in China, but also broadens the research scope of spatial demography by employing new methods of spatial econometrics (such as MGWR and ESF). This book is suitable for undergraduates and graduates majoring in Human Geography, Regional Economics, Urban Planning and Urban Governance, as well as related researchers and practitioners. 

This book details an innovative multi-scalar framework to examine the intersection of spatial levels in shaping social justice issues in education. Including an examination of key dimensions such as geographic divisions (between and within countries), school design, online learning, home-schooling, and student mobility, the framework is applied to analyse the interrelation between space, identity, and education. The authors reveal how this novel integration of scales is essential for a more comprehensive and probing understanding of educational inequalities. As an example of theoretical interdisciplinarity mobilised to tackle the urgent issues of our time, the twin dimensions of space and identity, discussed at multi-scalar levels, provides an invaluable theoretical resource for scholars and students of education, sociology and geography.

Modern "sub-urbs" as a place of vibrancy, conflict and resistance

This volume discusses a broad range of human welfare problems associated with and stemming from social issues, natural resource deficiencies, environmental hazards, vulnerability to climate change, and sustainability challenges. The chapters form a framework centered around the concept of social morphology, i.e. the role of humans in shaping society, and associated human-nature interactions which inform the ability to achieve sustainable welfare and well-being. The book is divided in six sections. Section I contains the introductory chapters where the book explores shifting interfaces between environment, society, and sustainability outcomes. Section II discusses contemporary issues of social welfare, and covers sustainable approaches in geo-heritage and ecotourism. Section III addresses the roots of various social conflicts and inequalities in relation to overpopulation, poverty, illiteracy, employment concerns, and human migration. Section IV highlights social security and areas of social deprivation, including urban affordability, gender equality, and women's health. Section V covers social issues resulting from natural hazards and disasters. Section VI concludes the book with a discussion of the way forward for social sustainability. The book will be of interest to students, researchers, policy makers, environmentalists, NGOs, and social scientists.

This book provides a comprehensive overview of the energy policies in the European Union and Japan in terms of electricity markets and climate action, including energy efficiency, renewable energy sources, and the reduction of emissions. The book evaluates and compares the regulatory frameworks for achieving energy transitions by answering a number of questions focused on the essence and range of the regulatory models used by leading global economies which herald carbon neutrality by 2050. The book provides a useful framework that systematises Japanese and European energy policies and legislation including electricity-related policies, plans, and programmes. Discussing these issues in relation to the European and Japanese 2050 energy transition the author delves into the four pillars of the transition: market reform, reduction of emissions, promotion of renewables, and enhancing energy efficiency. Each chapter demonstrates the timing of the actions undertaken both in Europe and Japan; analyses the character of the conducted actions, evaluates the stakeholders of the realised agenda; and presents the technologies involved in the energy transition.