Nanoteknologi

Frontmatter -- Vorwort -- Verzeichnis der Mitarbeiter an Band III -- INHALTSÜBERSICHT -- A. DAMPFKESSEL -- I. Brennstoffe -- II. Wärmeerzeugung -- III. Feuerungsanlagen -- IV. Wärmeübertragung -- V. Arbeitsvorgang im Kessel -- VI. Materialien und Materialprüfung -- VII. Kesselbau -- VIII. Kesselsysteme -- IX. Kesselarmatur -- X. Kesselaufstellung -- XI. Speisevorrichtungen -- XII. Dampfüberhitzer -- XIII. Wartung der Dampfkessel -- XIV. Kesselexplosion -- XV. Untersuchung von Dampfkesselanlagen -- XVI. Dampfrohrleitnng -- B. DAMPFMASCHINEN -- XVII. Theorie der Dampfmaschine -- XVIII. Dampfmaschinenteile -- XIX. Kondensator -- XX. Maschinentypen -- XXI. Anfstellung der Maschine -- XXII. Maschinenbetrieb -- C. DAMPFTURBINEN -- XXIII. Theorie der Dampfturbine -- XXIV. Dampftnrbinenteile -- XXV. Tnrbinenanlagen -- Alphabetisch geordnetes Wortregister -- a) deutsch, englisch, französisch, italienisch, spanisch in einem Alphabet -- b) russisch

Physics of Nanostructured Solid State Devices introduces readers to theories and concepts such as semi-classical and quantum mechanical descriptions of electron transport, methods for calculations of band structures in solids with applications in calculation of optical constants, and other advanced concepts. The information presented here will equip readers with the necessary tools to carry out cutting edge research in modern solid state nanodevices.

Robust Nano-Computing focuses on various issues of robust nano-computing, defect-tolerance design for nano-technology at different design abstraction levels. It addresses both redundancy- and configuration-based methods as well as fault detecting techniques through the development of accurate computation models and tools. The contents present an insightful view of the ongoing researches on nano-electronic devices, circuits, architectures, and design methods, as well as provide promising directions for future research.

This Brief presents a historical overview of the Förster-type nonradiative energy transfer and a compilation of important progress in FRET research, starting from Förster until today, along with a summary of the current state-of-the-art. Here the objective is to provide the reader with a complete account of important milestones in FRET studies and FRET applications as well as a picture of the current status.

This book discusses the basics of nanotoxicity and gives a detailed account of methods used for toxicity evaluation of nanomaterials. It also gives indepth coverage of the effect of different types of nanomaterials, including organic and inorganic, on various aquatic animals, microorganisms and plants, and outlines recent challenges, regulatory frameworks and advances in nanotoxicity testing.

Nanotechnology is a promising technique that can facilitate sustainability across a wide range of areas. By fabricating materials into nanometre-scale, nanotechnology has facilitated an efficient, economically, and environmentally acceptable solution for waste treatment and energy production. This book illustrates how green nanotechnology is being used to promote sustainability, including applications in environmental remediation and energy optimization. First, a comprehensive discussion of the latest advances to address the global challenges in water purification, CO2 management, plastics issue, food waste valorisation, toxic chemical pollutes, and energy efficiency will be provided. This is followed by the new opportunities that have been created in the production of alternative renewable energy under the premise of low natural resource consumption and minuscule toxicity production. Offering an important reference for the research community to understand more about green nanotechnology and its applications in sustainable development and circular economy.  The book will be of interest to graduate students and researchers in nanotechnology, materials science, sustainability, environmental science, and energy.

Natural polysaccharides, such as cellulose and chitin, possess unique hierarchical nanoarchitectures that can never be artificially reconstructed, and their nano-organized structures are involved in the hidden materials functions with great potential. Pioneering the emerging functions of nano-organized polysaccharides will break through to achieve the Sustainable Development Goals.

This research and reference text will present the latest research on carbon dots and their applications in the biomedical field, including therapeutics, bio-imaging and diagnosis. It will be the first book dedicated to the biomedical applications of carbon dots.The key topics covered will include the use of carbon dots in therapeutic applications, applications in drug and gene delivery, uses in bio-imaging and uses in the fabrication of biosensors and nanobiosensors. The coverage of therapeutics will include the varied role of carbon dots in anti-inflammation, delivery of drugs and genes, anti-pathogenicity, tissue engineering and cancer therapies.

Research and literature on nanomaterials has exploded in volume in recent years. Nanotubes (both of carbon and inorganic materials) can be made in a variety of ways, and they demonstrate a wide range of interesting properties. Many of these properties, such as high mechanical strength and interesting electronic properties relate directly to potential applications. Nanowires have been made from a vast array of inorganic materials and provide great scope for further research into their properties and possible applications. This book provides a comprehensive and up-to-date survey of the research areas of carbon nanotubes, inorganic nanotubes and nanowires including: synthesis; characterisation; properties; applications Nanotubes and Nanowires includes an extensive list of references and is ideal both for graduates needing an introduction to the field of nanomaterials as well as for professionals and researchers in academia and industry.

This book comprehensively explores the basic concepts and applications of biomaterials in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. The book is divided into four sections; the first section deals with the basic concepts and different types of biomaterials used in tissue engineering. The second section discusses the functional requirements and types of materials that are used in developing state-of-the-art of scaffolds for tissue engineering applications. The third section presents the applications of biomaterials for hard and soft tissue engineering, as well as for specialized tissue engineering. The last section addresses the future prospects of nanobiomaterials, intelligent biomaterials, and 3D bioprinting biomaterials in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. It also discusses various in vitro disease models for tissue bioengineering and regenerative medicine. As such, it offers a valuable resource for students, researchers, scientists, entrepreneurs, and medical/healthcare professionals.

Es ist das erklärte Ziel des Transhumanismus, dass sich der ,neue' Mensch aus seiner Abhängigkeit von der Natur befreie und sich ganz selbst bestimme. Tatsächlich scheint die Substitution einer natürlichen darwinischen durch eine künstliche technologische Evolution nicht mehr ganz abwegig. In den vergangenen drei Jahrzehnten gab es tiefgreifende Entwicklungen in den Bio-, Lebens- und Neurowissenschaften, der Informationstechnologie sowie der molekularen Nanotechnologie. Künstliche Intelligenzen, die auf neuronalen und rekursiven Netzwerken aufbauen, sind in der Lage, eigenständig zu lernen und sich an ihre Umwelt anzupassen. Selbstfahrende Autos oder Humanoide Roboter sind in einer fortgeschrittenen Entwicklungsphase. Neue molekularbiologische Verfahren des ,Genome Editings' erlauben gezielte Modifikationen des menschlichen Erbguts. Insbesondere durch die Kombination von KI-Hardware und biologischer ,Wetware' ergeben sich ungeahnte Möglichkeiten zu einer qualitativen Veränderung des homo sapiens. CRISPR/Cas9 oder Chipimplantate werden nicht allein zu Heilzwecken eingesetzt werden, sondern zur Optimierung und ,Enhancement' des ,alten' Menschen. Die Beiträge dieses Bandes können sowohl dem Transhumanismus, dem kritischen Posthumanismus als auch einem Technik- oder Biopragmatismus zugeordnet werden. Die Bandbreite der fachlichen Orientierung spiegelt die Vielfalt der Aspekte und Dimensionen wider, die mit den Themen Biotechnologie, Leistungsoptimierung und Künstliche Intelligenz verknüpft sind. Es werden moralische, technische und rechtliche Konsequenzen beschrieben, es wird aber auch auf Wege hingewiesen, auf denen - mit den neuen Technologien - ein gelingendes und gutes Leben rechtlich und moralisch beschritten werden kann.

This book presents novel applications of nanotechnology for the preservation of artistic and historical artifacts. It explains the scientific principles behind numerous nanomaterials and discusses their applications to different types of common movable and fixed artistic substrates. It starts with an overview of the nano-tools developed over the last three decades, such as dispersions of nanoparticles, micellar solutions, microemulsions and gels. Compared to traditional methods, these new tools have the benefit of considerably less impact on both the operators and the environment. Each chapter is dedicated to a specific type of cultural heritage material (wall and easel paintings, stone, paper, canvas and wood) starting with the main degradation paths and discussing protocols for the application of innovative nanomaterials-based tools for cleaning, consolidation, or deacidification, which represent the majority of the case studies encountered in restoration facilities, workshops and ateliers. The book provides step-by-step descriptions that are meant to support conservators in the application of these novel materials and methods. The aim of the book is to equip end-users and conservators with essential information and knowledge on the availability and applicability of different nano-materials and dispersed systems. While the book's focus is on the practical aspects, interested readers will also find references to the relevant advanced colloid and material science literature.Main audience: Expert conservators, restorers and technical staff at conservation institutes and museums, students at conservation and restoration schools, and scientists who are new to the field of conservation of artistic and historical artifacts.

About the Series:Fundamental Biomedical Technologies features titles in multidisciplinary, technology-driven areas, providing the foundations for breakthrough advances in medicine and biology. The term technology refers, in a vigorously unrestrictive sense, to a broad array of engineering disciplines, the sciences of computation and informatics, mathematical models exploiting and advancing methods of mathematical physics, and the development of novel, experimental discovery devices. Titles in this series are designed and selected to provide high-level visionary input for specialists, while presenting overviews of emerging fields for those in related areas. Volumes in this series aim to provide technologists with the material to gain competent entry into biomedical research and biomedical researchers to understand and embrace novel technological foundations and tools. About the Series Editor:Mauro Ferrari is a professor in the Brown Institute of Molecular Medicine, a professor of internal medicine in the division of cardiology, and the chairman of the department of biomedical engineering at the University of Texas Health Science Center in Houston, Texas. He holds concurrent professor appointments at the M.D. Anderson Cancer Center as professor of experimental therapeutics, and at Rice University in bioengineering. Dr. Ferrari is the current President of the Alliance for NanoHealth and he has spearheaded the development of the National Cancer Institute's nanotechnology programs. Dr. Ferrari is also the founder and Editor-in-Chief of Springer's archival journal Biomedical Microdevices. Nanobiotechnology of Biomimetic MembranesDonald Martin, EditorNanobiotechnology of Biomimetic Membranes focuses on biomimetic membranes, one of the fundamental building blocks ofnanobiotechnology. The application of nanotechnology principles and methodology to problems in biotechnology provides an exciting new discipline that will generate a revolution of novel applications, across many disciplines. This valuable new title offers an international perspective on the development of biotechnology applications. Key topics:The Significance of Biomimetic Membrane Nanobiotechnology to Biomedical ApplicationsLangmuir-Blodgett technique for Synthesis of Biomimetic Lipid MembranesLiposome techniques for Synthesis of Biomimetic Lipid MembranesCharacterization and Analysis of Biomimetic Lipid MembranesBiomimetic Membranes in Biosensor ApplicationsNanobiotechnology of Biomimetic Membranes will serve as a useful resource on the fundamental science of membranes in their interactions with macromolecules, providing a research platform for producing novel nanobiotechnology applications. About the Editor: Donald Martin is currently an Associate Professor at the University of Technology, Sydney. He was the first Australian recipient of the Bausch & Lomb International Travel Award.

This is the first monograph devoted to investigation of the most complex physical processes of soft systems, including a wide class of solutions. It blends modern theoretical understanding and experimental results, proposing new methods and models for the description of several soft systems.

The book titled "Progress and Prospects in Nanoscience Today" is an extensive collection of learned materials and new results focusing on advances in nanoscience and nanomaterials for their applications by the contributing authors who are experts working in the fields of nanoscience, material science, energy, agricultural, computer science and engineering, atmospheric nanoscience, medicine, and nanobiotechnology. The book begins with a chapter on "Science of Nanomaterials". The formulation of this chapter serves as a foundation and is done in such a fashion that readers from a variety of disciplines with different background and willing to start research in interdisciplinary branch of science and make a career in nanotechnology. The second chapter presents basic concepts and methods of nanoscience, which are needed for human welfare. The first part addresses the function of imaging by scanning probe microscopy. This tool is operating with unprecedented sensitivity and resolution which promotes new views into structures and processes from the molecular to the sub-atomic level. They contribute to fabricate new nano-sized systems and to open up new fields of application that range from novel quantum materials to biosystems and living matter. The third chapter reports the synthesis and physiochemical characteristics of silver nanoparticles. The next thirteen chapters report different properties of nanomaterials for their number of applications. These include: polymer composites in aerospace applications, photoluminescence properties, atmospheric nanoscience, agriculture, supercapacitors, hyperthermia therapy, wound dressing, antimicrobial applications, anti-biofilm-applications, tuberculosis diagnosis etc. The book will be a precious piece and basic knowledge material for those looking for new opportunities in the field of progress and prospects of nanoscience for technology development in different walks of industries. Each chapter is an icon of frontier level high quality research that has been undertaken in synthesis, characterization and application of variety of nanomaterials.