Teknisk anvendelse af polymerer og kompositter

This book demonstrates fatigue crack growth under random loading graphically. This state-of-the-art monograph introduces an expert system for crack growth predictions, particularly based on crack closure. The system is developed after years of research by the authors by using the Math-type software consisting of 5 parts. This system is unique as it is fundamentally different from previous systems as it focuses on fatigue crack growth predictions based on fatigue crack closure. This book can be a useful guide for practicing engineers, researchers, and students in the fields of mechanical, aerospace, or civil engineering.

This book provides a comprehensive description of topological polymers, an emerging research area in polymer science and polymer materials engineering. The precision polymer topology designing is critical to realizing the unique polymer properties and functions leading to their eventual applications. The prominent contributors are led by Principal Editor Yasuyuki Tezuka and Co-Editor Tetsuo Deguchi. Important ongoing achievements and anticipated breakthroughs in topological polymers are presented with an emphasis on the spectacular diversification of polymer constructions. The book serves readers collectively to acquire comprehensive insights over exciting innovations ongoing in topological polymer chemistry, encompassing topological geometry analysis, classification, physical characterization by simulation and the eventual chemical syntheses, with the supplementary focus on the polymer folding, invoked with the ongoing breakthrough of the precision AI prediction of protein folding. The current revolutionary developments in synthetic approaches specifically for single cyclic (ring) polymers and the topology-directed properties/functions uncovered thereby are outlined as a showcase example. This book is especially beneficial to academic personnel in universities and to researchers working in relevant institutions and companies. Although the level of the book is advanced, it can serve as a good reference book for graduate students and postdocs as a source of valuable knowledge of cutting-edge topics and progress in polymer chemistry.

This book comprehensively summarizes the recent achievements and trends in encapsulation of micro- and nanocontainers for applications in smart materials. It covers the fundamentals of processing and techniques for encapsulation with emphasis on preparation, properties, application, and future prospects of encapsulation process for smart applications in pharmaceuticals, textiles, biomedical, food packaging, composites, friction/wear, phase change materials, and coatings. Academics, researchers, scientists, engineers, and students in the field of smart materials will benefit from this book.

Advanced Ceramic Coatings for Energy Applications covers recent developments in conducting electrodes, photovoltaics, solar cells, battery applications, fuel cells, electrocatalysts, photocatalysts, and supercapacitors. The book is one of four volumes that together provide a comprehensive resource in the field of Advanced Ceramic Coatings, also including titles covering: fundamentals, manufacturing, and classification; biomedical applications; and emerging applications. These books will be extremely useful for academic and industrial researchers and practicing engineers who need to find reliable and up-to-date information about recent progresses and new developments in the field of advanced ceramic coatings. Smart ceramic coatings contain multifunctional components are now finding application in transportation and automotive industries, in electronics, and energy, sectors, in aerospace and defense, and in industrial goods and healthcare. Their wide application and stability in harsh environments are only possible due to the stability of the inorganic components that are used in ceramic coatings.

Advanced Hybrid Composite Materials and Their Applications provides a basic understanding of the engineering of hybrid composite materials. The main topics covered include the fundamental principles of hybrid composite materials, their properties, chemistry, fabrication, and applications. New and modern ways of synthetic engineering are also discussed in detail. The book brings together two very important classes of engineering materials and explains their properties in an easy-to-understand manner. It also covers the latest research outcomes and new technologies from synthetic processes right though to recent applications in different industrial sectors. This book will benefit those with no previous background knowledge as well as the expert working in this field. It will serve as a single comprehensive information resource on various types of engineering materials.

Porous Coordination Polymers: From Fundamentals to Advanced Applications offers a comprehensive coverage the latest advances in porous coordination polymers for cutting-edge applications. Porous Coordination Polymers are gaining increasing interest due to their attractive properties, such as structural flexibility, large surface area, tailorable pore size, and functional tunability, in turn enabling a wide range of possible applications which this book aims to highlight and to elucidate. The book begins by introducing porous coordination polymers, highlighting their structure, chemistry, basic properties, and design approaches. This is followed by a chapter focusing on synthetic methods and mechanical properties. Subsequent chapters provide in-depth coverage of specific target applications, explaining the preparation of porous coordination polymers for areas including catalysis and photocatalysis, environmental remediation, gas storage and separation, energy storage and conversion, new generation magnets, nanocarriers in therapeutics, and biomedical imaging. Finally, current challenges and future developments are considered in detail.

The book Function-oriented bioengineered skin equivalents - continuous development towards complete skin replication aims to provide potential readers with a comprehensive summary of the available information on various in vitro skin models, from historical background to different modeling approaches and their applications. Particular emphasis is placed on presenting the current technological components available for the development of engineered skin equivalents by summarizing advances in cell cultivation, materials science, and bioengineering. Using examples of the current-state-of-art, we describe the advantages, limitations, and challenges of developing in vitro skin models for successful use in clinical applications and skin-related research.

Covering the most recent literature in the field, with special emphasis on the physical mechanisms behind their rheological behaviour, this book demonstrates the controllability of soft matter through an external (magnetic) stimulus.

This book highlights recent developments related to fabrication and utilization of nanoparticle-engineered metal matrices and their composites linked to the heavy industries, temperature fasteners, high-pressure vessels, and heavy turbines, etc. The mechanical properties of newly developed metallic composites are discussed in terms of tensile modulus, hardness, ductility, crack propagation, elongation, and chemical inertness. This book presents the design, development, and implementation of state-of-the-art methods linked to nanoparticle-reinforced metal nanocomposites for a wide variety of applications. Therefore, in a nutshell, this book provides a unique platform for researchers and professionals in the area of nanoparticle-reinforced metal nanocomposites.

Providing a neat overview of the current research for the biomaterials science community, this book is a one-stop resource for researchers and practitioners working on lignin-based biomaterials..

Polymeric Adsorbents: Characterization, Properties, Applications, and Modelling offers comprehensive information on the various types of polymeric adsorbents and uses, enabling the reader to understand, identify and prepare adsorbents with the required structure and properties for a range of key industrial applications. The book presents the various types of polymeric adsorbents and their characteristics, focuses on physicochemical properties, synthesis methods, functionalization, and composites and hybrid materials, and highlights key application areas, including gas adsorption, heavy metal removal, hazardous dye removal, and adsorption of antibiotics. Finally, the book provides detailed guidance on modeling of polymeric adsorbent behavior and molecular dynamic (MD) simulation. This is a valuable resource to researchers and advanced students across polymer science, chemistry, materials science, engineering, environmental science, and engineers, scientists, and R&D professionals with an interest in polymeric adsorbents for industrial applications.

Approx.720 pages

"Energy in Plastics Technology" provides, unlike any other book, the necessary fundamentals for dealing with thermotechnical issues in the processing of plastics, leading to efficient, robust, reliable, economical, and environmentally friendly processes for high-quality products. The following four areas are addressed: - Methodical application of the essential fundamentals to practical problems. The focus is on the formulation of energy balances.- Special emphasis is placed on the understanding of the first and second laws of thermodynamics, with their manifold implications.- Access to key advanced technical literature, which can be highly theoretical, and forms the basis for advanced simulation methods, is provided.- Analytical approaches for modeling processes (as opposed to numerical simulation methods) are covered, so that the influence of the essential process parameters can be better recognized, and correct results in terms of order of magnitude are obtained with reasonable effort. These simplified considerations provide a valuable support for the preparation of experiments and numerical simulations and their critical evaluation. The fundamentals provided are applied - in exemplary calculation examples - to problems relevant to practice in the most important processing and forming methods. The book is aimed at engineers and students working in plastics technology as well as technicians and plastics technologists. Contents:Part 1 - Introductory Fundamentals: Introduction, Material Behavior of Plastics, Thermodynamics, Fluid Mechanics I, Heat TransferPart 2 - Advanced Fundamentals: Steady-State Heat Conduction, Transient Heat Conduction, Thermodynamics of Air-Drying, Fluid Mechanics II, Recycling of PlasticsPart 3 - Practical Examples

Phase separation in polymer blends has achieved a tremendous techno-commercial importance. Most of the applications of polymer blends, such as tissue engineering, membrane technology, electromagnetic shielding, energy harvesting, structural materials, packaging, smart multiphase polymer coatings, depend on the morphologies developed during processing.This book outlines the fundamental aspects of polymer blend thermodynamics, the state-of-the-art processing techniques for specific polymer blend systems currently in use, and the design and fabrication of multiphasic polymeric materials, which will present a multiplicity of opportunities in the water remediation, packaging, and electronic industries, to mention a few. It emphasizes recent research developments, processing techniques, characterization methods, factors influencing phase separation temperature in phase-separated, including partially miscible, polymer blends, and key research challenges in the development of phase-separated polymers materials.With unique and systematic coverage of the journey from fundamentals to applications in polymer blends, this book is ideal for polymer scientists and engineers, material scientists, researchers, engineers, and under- and post-graduate students who are interested in this exciting field of research. It will help industrial researchers and R&D managers bring advanced phase-separated polymer materials/products to the market.

This book provides comprehensive description of polymeric membranes in water treatment and remediation. It describes both the sustainability challenges and new opportunities to use membranes for water decontamination. It also discusses the environmental-related issues, challenges and advantages of using membrane-based systems and provides comprehensive description of various polymeric membranes, nanomaterials, biomolecules and their integrated systems for wastewater treatment. Various topics covered in this book are direct pressure-driven and osmotic-driven membrane processes, hybrid membrane processes (such as membrane bioreactors and integrating membrane separation with other processes), and resource recovery-oriented membrane-based processes. The book will be useful for students, researchers and professionals working in the area of materials science and environmental chemistry.

This book covers theoretical and experimental findings at the interface between fluid mechanics, heat transfer and energy technologies. It reports on the development and improvement of numerical methods and intelligent technologies for a wide range of applications in mechanical, power and materials engineering. It reports on solutions to modern fluid mechanics and heat transfer problems, on strategies for studying and improving the dynamics and durability of power equipment, discussing important issues relating to energy saving and environmental safety. Gathering selected contributions to the XIV International Conference on Advanced Mechanical and Power Engineering (CAMPE 2021), held online on October 18-21, 2021, from Kharkiv, Ukraine, this book offers a timely update and extensive information for both researchers and professionals in the field of mechanical and power engineering.

Perovskite Metal Oxides: Synthesis, Properties and Applications provides an overview on the topic, including the synthesis of various types of perovskites, their properties, characterization and application. The book reviews the applications of this category of materials for photovoltaics, electronics, biomedical, fuel cell, photocatalyst, sensor, energy storage and catalysis, along with processing techniques of perovskite metal oxides with a focus on low-cost and high-efficiency methods, including various properties and probable applications in academia and industry. Other sections discuss strategies to improve the functionality of perovskite metal oxide materials, including chemical methods and controlling the size, shape and structure of the materials. Finally, applications of perovskite metal oxides in energy conversion and storage, sensing and electronics are covered.