Energi, elproduktion, eldistribution og energilagring

This book, drawing on fresh scholarship, investigates electrification in new places and across different time periods. While much of our understanding of electrification as a historical process is based on the seminal work done by Thomas P. Hughes in Networks of Power (1983), the scholars in this volume expand and revise Hughes¿ systems approach to suggest that electrification is a heterogeneous and contingent process. Moreover, the contributors suggest that the conquest of the world by electricity remains incomplete despite more than a century elapsing. Above all, though, this book provides context for thinking about what lies ahead as humans continue their conquest of the earth through electricity. As we become increasingly dependent on electricity to power our lights, heat and cool our homes, turn the wheels of industry, and keep our information systems humming, so we are ever more vulnerable when the grid runs into trouble.Chapter "Surveying the Landscape: The Oil Industry and Alternative Energy in the 1970s" is available open access under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License via link.springer.com.

This Green Book provides the design engineer with an understanding of the electrical parameters and methods required in designing compact AC and DC lines. Compact AC and DC lines are becoming increasingly necessary due to the limitation of right of way access and the need to upgrade power transfer in existing, narrower line corridors. Another requirement for compact AC lines is the lower impedance permitting increased power flow.For DC power lines, increased power flow can only be realised by increasing the current through the conductors and/or increasing line voltage. In AC it can also be achieved by bundle expansion and phase compaction due to the variation of impedance. The effect of compaction on AC and DC lines is not identical as with the constraints. The Green Book covers the theory relating to the constraints such as corona, audible noise, insulation coordination, electric and magnetic fields and others for both AC and DC lines.In addition to the theory, the Green Book includes actual calculations of electric parameters for different pole (DC) and phase (AC) configurations. Standards applied by various countries are tabulated for easy comparison of practices internationally. Case studies on line compaction designs for both AC and DC are described with relation to pole compaction, pole rearrangement and phase configuration. Voltage upgrading is also treated in this book, and some case studies for both AC and DC are considered.

Chand Pasha's book "Bidirectional ECU Voltage Control Loop Based Energy Management" is a ground-breaking work into the field of energy management systems with a particular emphasis on the novel idea of Bidirectional Electronic Control Unit (ECU) Voltage Control Loop. Written by a leading authority in the industry, this ground-breaking book provides a thorough and in-depth grasp of sophisticated energy control systems.For readers who are not aware with the nuances of ECUs, Pasha starts by deciphering the complexity of bidirectional energy flow within electronic systems. The book then gets right to the point, presenting the revolutionary idea of a voltage control loop inside ECUs-a cutting-edge strategy that might completely transform energy management across a range of applications.Pasha's skill at fusing theoretical ideas with real-world applications will be valued by readers. The book offers insights into the design, implementation, and optimization of bidirectional voltage control loops while guiding readers through their complexities. Both seasoned professionals and those new to the sector can easily understand the practical consequences of this revolutionary approach to energy management through the use of real-world case studies and examples.It is impossible to overestimate the importance of bidirectional energy control, particularly in this day and age when sustainability and energy efficiency are leading the way in technological innovation. For engineers, researchers, and students looking to keep up with the quickly changing field of electronic control systems and energy management, Pasha's book is an invaluable resource."Bidirectional ECU Voltage Control Loop Based Energy Management" offers a thorough manual for comprehending, putting into practice, and optimizing bidirectional energy flow in electronic control units, whether you're a researcher delving into the cutting edge of electronic systems or a professional in the industry looking to implement the newest energy control strategies. The work of Chand Pasha is evidence of the revolutionary power of creative energy management strategies in influencing the development of electronic systems in the future.

This book contains selected proceedings of EPREC-2021 with a focus on power systems. The book includes original research and case studies that present recent developments in power systems, principally renewable energy conversion systems, distributed generations, microgrids, smart grid, HVDC & FACTS, power quality, power system protection, etc. The book will be a valuable reference guide for beginners, researchers, and professionals interested in advancements in power systems.

"Get up-to-speed with the fundamentals of how electricity markets are structured and operated with this comprehensive textbook, requiring no prior experience in power systems or energy economics. An ideal introduction for senior undergraduate and graduate students in electrical engineering, economics, and operations research"--

Fluid Thunder: Niagara's Power is a hypnotizing exhibition that unfurls at the notable Niagara Falls, a characteristic miracle that has enamored the minds of millions for a really long time. This dazzling showcase of fluid power isn't just a demonstration of the crude power of nature yet in addition an image of the potential outfit by humankind to create power. At the core of Fluid Thunder is the strong Niagara Stream, whose strong stream meets into a stunning crescendo as it drops over the cliff of the falls. The sheer volume and speed of the water make an ensemble of sound, procuring the falls the able moniker of "Fluid Thunder." The thunder of the flowing water resounds through the air, a discernible sign of the monstrous energy held inside this regular scene. The three particular falls - Horseshoe Falls, American Falls, and Wedding Cloak Falls - team up to deliver an amazing visual gala. Horseshoe Falls, the biggest of the triplet, is a horseshoe-molded overflow that traverses the worldwide line among Canada and the US. The persistent plunge of water over the bended incline makes an interminable fog that encompasses the survey region, adding an ethereal quality to the experience. Be that as it may, the meaning of Niagara's power reaches out past its sheer visual and hear-able effect. Perceiving the possibility to saddle this regular power, specialists and visionaries have changed the falls into a force to be reckoned with of power age. The coming of hydroelectric power plants along the Niagara Stream bears witness to mankind's capacity to use nature's abundance in a feasible way. Hydroelectric offices, for example, the Sir Adam Beck Producing Stations and the Robert Moses Niagara Power Plant stand as mechanical wonders, flawlessly incorporating with the regular scene while changing over the motor energy of falling water into electrical power. The collaboration among nature and advancement is discernible, featuring the amicable conjunction of progress and ecological stewardship. Guests to Fluid Thunder not just observer the grand excellence of Niagara Falls yet additionally gain a significant appreciation for the double job it plays - both as a stunning normal miracle and as a fundamental wellspring of environmentally friendly power. The tale of Fluid Thunder is a story of transformation and resourcefulness, where the crude force of nature unites with human development to make a maintainable energy inheritance. Basically, Fluid Thunder is a living demonstration of the agreeable crossing point of nature's loftiness and humankind's journey for progress - an exhibition that keeps on motivating stunningness and love for the unique powers that shape our reality.

This book is about solar ponds for energy storage from various perspectives, including fundamentals, efficiencies, system designs, local applications and details about what have been done in the world in the field of solar ponds for generating energy and storage it for useful purposes.

This book entitled ¿Recent Advances in Power Electronics and Drives - Select Proceedings of EPREC-2023 provides rigorous discussions, case studies, and recent developments in the emerging areas of power electronics, especially in power inverters and converters, electrical drives, regulated power supplies, electric vehicle and its charging infrastructure, etc. The readers would benefit from enhancing their knowledge and skills in the domain areas. Also, this book may help the readers in developing new and innovative ideas. The book can be a valuable reference for beginners, researchers, and professionals interested in advancements in power electronics and drives.

The Fast Track to Determining Transfer Functions of Linear Circuits is a condensed student guide teaching readers about first-, second- and third-order linear transfer functions commonly encountered in the design of electronic systems.Fast Analytical Circuits Techniques (FACTs) reduce mathematical overhead and often eliminate the use of complex equations for circuit analysis. If a circuit is too complicated, it is split into simpler subcircuits that can be evaluated individually. The intermediate results are then assembled to form a desired final result. FACTs work on RLC networks, but also on active circuits featuring operational amplifiers (op-amps) or transistors.Chapters List:Transfer FunctionsFast Analytical Circuits TechniquesZeroes of a Transfer FunctionGeneralized Transfer Functions.First-Order Transfer FunctionsSecond-Order Transfer FunctionsThird-Order Transfer FunctionsAppendix: Illustrating the Process of Determining Poles and ZeroesThe goal of this book is to be practical and lead the reader to solve problems by applying step-by-step approaches. In many cases, the only required accessories are a sheet of paper and a pen. Chapters one to four are a crash course on the FACTs. The following chapters detail how to determine transfer functions of classical networks from the first to third order. After going through the proposed examples at your own pace, the reader will master the techniques for analyzing RLC networks in the frequency domain.The book is an ideal companion for students who want to understand and master linear circuit behavior. BSEE, MSEE and Ph.D students will find many useful descriptions and methods which can be applied to linear circuit design and further study.

This book is a collection of peer-reviewed best-selected research papers presented at the National Conference on Energy Materials and Devices (E-MAD 2022), organized by the Indian Institute of Technology Jodhpur, India, during 16¿18 December 2022. The book focusses on the current state-of-the-art research and development in the field of lithium and beyond lithium-ion batteries as electrochemical energy storage devices for sustainable development to meet the energy storage needs. This includes the materials¿ design using computational approaches together with experimental advances targeting the next-generation energy storage materials and devices such as photo rechargeable batteries. In addition, the proceedings also focus simultaneously on green hydrogen energy generation, storage, and integration in fuel cells. It includes the catalytically active nanoengineered materials for hydrogen generation, functionalized hydrides and their composites for enhanced hydrogen storage together withtheir possible integration in fuel cells for their direct energy generation applications.

This book includes original, peer-reviewed research papers from the 8th PURPLE MOUNTAIN FORUM on Smart Grid Protection and Control¿PMF2023), held in Nanjing, China, on August 11-13, 2023. The accepted papers cover the following topics: 1. Advanced power transmission technology2. AC/DC hybrid power grid technology3. Power Internet of Things Technology and Application4. Operation, control and protection of smart grid5. Active distribution network technology6. Power electronic technology and application7. New technology of substation automation8. Energy storage technology and application9. Application of new technologies such as artificial intelligence, blockchain, and big data10. Application of Information and Communication Technology11. Low-carbon energy planning and security12. Low-carbon operation of the power system13. Low-carbonenergy comprehensive utilization technology14. Carbon trading and power market15. Carbon emission stream and carbon capture technology16. Energy saving and smart energy technology17. Analysis and evaluation of low-carbon efficiency of power system18. Carbon flow modelling in power system operationThe papers included in this proceeding share the latest research results and practical application examples on the methodologies and algorithms in these areas, which makes the book a valuable reference for researchers, engineers, and university students.

This book gives you theory and design of PV/T systems. Are you interested in solar energy? If you are, you must have read about solar panels, or photovoltaics (PV). If you have installed a photovoltaic system, you must have noticed it not to generate the amount of power mentioned in its datasheet. A major issue that PV suffers from is its temperature, which causes a drop in its power. Among the solutions to this issue is to use active cooling methods, such as the hybrid photovoltaic thermal (PV/T) system. These systems can produce electrical and thermal energy simultaneously and within same area. The thermal collector serves to cool down the PV surface temperature, which negatively affects the PV efficiency, to reclaim the efficiency or bring it back close to standard testing conditions value. Moreover, the thermal collector will convey this heat using a working fluid and extract it as thermal energy. On the other hand, the electrical power generated from the PV can be utilized in standalone or grid-connected configuration. Moreover, the book presents a novel PV/T collector which can utilize nanofluids and nano-Phase Change Material (PCM) to enhance its performance in tropical climate conditions. The methods used to develop the heat transfer and energy balance equations are presented as well. PV/T collector numerical simulation using MATLAB and computational fluid dynamic (CFD) was also presented. Finally, the approach of life cycle cost analysis (LCCA) is presented to evaluate PV/T with nanofluid and nano-PCM, economically.

The book is composed of 15 chapters in total. All chapters presented by the authors (co-authors) are published in the author¿s edition and aim to present an issue on how to achieve more sustainable and more environmentally safe development of modern transport and energy sector. The chapters are grouped into 3 parts. The first part ¿Decisions for alternative energy sources use in modern transport¿ represents novel solutions in alternative energy sources development and implementation in different spheres of the modern transport sector. The second part ¿Solutions for reducing negative impact of energy and transport on environment¿ is devoted to advances in technologies aimed on reducing impact of energy and transport sectors on environment and utilization of waste. The third part of the book ¿Advance in alternative motor fuels technology¿ represents recent developments in chemical technology of alternative fuels production and aspects of modern fuels quality control.

The core of the book is the presentation of a systematic, continuous and logical chain into the coupled total energy system (GES) of the future, which will lead to the fully sustainable use of renewable energies. Thus, unified models are proposed that are applicable to the subsystems/sectors throughout and allow the optimization of the entire GES. Appropriate algorithms and approaches are illustrated with numerous examples. This is embedded in the context of efforts to fully integrate energy generated from renewable sources into the GES. The overarching role of IT systems for secure operations has been emphasized in the book. The relevance of the correct mapping of technologies to use cases is elaborated and necessary steps derived from this are considered technically and organizationally (standardization). Special attention is paid to the didactic presentation of the material in order to present this new, difficult and complex problem "e;as simple as possible, but not simpler"e; [according to Einstein].

Enhancing Resilience in Distribution Systems presents practical guidance for readers on the challenges and potential solutions for resilience in modern power systems. The book begins by explaining the risks and problems for resilience presented by renewable-based power systems. It goes on to clarify the current state of research and propose several novel methodologies and technologies for analysis and improvement of power system resilience. These methods include deep learning, linear programming, and generative adversarial networks. Packed with practical steps and tools for implementing the latest technologies, this book provides researchers and industry professionals with guidance on the resilient systems of the future.

Vehicle Electrification in Modern Power Grids: Disruptive Perspectives on Power Electronics Technology and Control Challenges collects the newest advances in technology for electric vehicle integration into one practical volume for professionals and advanced researchers. The book not only summarizes and clarifies legislation and grid codes for the area, but also outlines the modeling and analytical techniques needed, including predicting power converter reliability and its remaining useful life. Specializing in microgrid clusters, the book provides advanced power electronics device technology from wide-band-gap (WBG) to DSP-based digital control platforms and new materials for passive filters. Blending cutting-edge research and practical technology, this book provides a centralized resource for advanced researchers and engineers looking to accelerate vehicle electrification in the power grid.

Applications of Deep Machine Learning in Future Energy Systems pushes the limits of current Artificial Intelligence techniques to present deep machine learning suitable for the complexity of sustainable energy systems. The first two chapters take the reader through the latest trends in power engineering and system design and operation before laying out current AI approaches and limitations. Later chapters provide in-depth accounts of specific challenges and the use of innovative third-generation machine learning, including neuromorphic computing, to resolve issues from security to power supply. An essential tool for the management, control, and modelling of future energy systems, this book maps a practical path towards AI capable of supporting sustainable energy.

Understanding lightning is of importance due to the increase in extreme weather events. The 2nd edition of this classic work has been thoroughly updated and revised, with new content on EM radiation at various wavelengths. Volume 1 treats electrodynamics, whilst volume 2 addresses effects and modelling.

This book covers the new field of straintronics, using strain switched nanomagnets for extremely energy-efficient computing, information processing, communication, and signal generation. Based on well-established CMOS technology, traditional electronics have two significant shortcomings: excessive energy dissipation and volatility, which is the inability to retain information after power has been switched off. Straintronics is more energy-efficient and non-volatile (but also more error-prone), allowing it to eclipse traditional electronics in niche areas that are increasingly attracting attention, such as image processing and probabilistic computing, computer vision, machine learning, neuromorphic networks, probabilistic computing, and belief networks. Magnetic Straintronics: An Energy-Efficient Hardware Paradigm for Digital and Analog Information Processing introduces straintronics and the technology's myriad applications for researchers, engineers, and scientists in electrical engineering, physics, and computer engineering.

The book covers all the emerging paradigms of machine learning and bio-inspired algorithms and their synergies with communication networks which may prove to a core 5G and 6G enablers. It consists of 11 chapters with varied fields. The book introduces the fundamentals of broadband wireless networks and issues related to energy efficiency and optimization. Also, it discusses the efficient bio-inspired algorithms and their utility in wireless networks for 5G, B5G, and IoT. Different fitness functions for different bio-inspired and other artificial intelligence algorithms are described in the book. More importantly it also introduces the concept, implementation, and technological challenges of efficient wireless energy harvesting methods. The book discusses different methodologies for efficient antenna designs. It also covers real-time applications on the Internet of Medical Things (IOMT). The book helps the readers to understand the subject and solve many real-time issues. It proves a ready reference to the researchers working in RF, artificial intelligence, machine learning, and communication networks.

The book focuses on control and communication for demand response with thermostatically controlled loads. This is achieved by providing in-depth study on a number of major topics such as load control, optimization strategies, communication network model, resource allocation methods, system design, implementation, and performance evaluation. Two major cost modeling methods are established in detail, which are cost modeling based on Taguchi Loss Function and cost modeling based on regulation errors. The comprehensive and systematic treatment of issues in optimization strategies and resource allocation for demand response are one of the major features of the book, which is particularly suited for readers who are interested to learn solutions in control and communication. The book can benefit researchers, engineers, and graduate students in fields of control theory, automation, communication engineering and economics, etc.

This book collates important contributions from Engineering to Adapt (ETA2023). Eta, ¿, the 7th letter of the Greek alphabet, is scrupulously used to denote efficiency and this is what ETA2023 strives for. In context, efficiency, ¿, is about avoiding waste, may this be energy, time, money, or material, in accomplishing something useful. As such, ETA2023 aims at bringing experts and future leaders together to forge more efficient ways to engineer and live. In other words, ETA2023 strives to synergise and catalyse all stakeholders, enthusiasts, and experts from academia, industry, policy arenas, and the general public, to formulate novel ways to improve tomorrow.This symposium will disseminate recent progress and promote collaborations to maximize opportunities for innovative integrated solutions. Topics of interest include resource and energy efficiency, waste reduction, and eco-friendly agriculture, architecture, engineering, and living.

This book focuses on the key technology applied Internet of things and smart grid, which include some novel ICT technologies such as big data, edge computing, 5G, and wide area wireless communication technology. The mutual penetration, deep integration, and wide application of smart grid and IoT effectively integrate communication infrastructure resources and power system infrastructure resources, further realize energy conservation and emission reduction, improve the level of grid informatization, automation, and interaction, and improve grid operation capacity and quality of service. These key technologies are presented and studied in detail, which help readers deeply understand those key technologies to apply IoT and grid. The book benefits researchers, engineers, and graduate students in the fields of IoT and energy systems, etc.