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Water Treatment Using Engineered Carbon Nanotubes provides complete and detailed information on carbon nanotubes for wastewater treatment, covering preparation, properties, and application. The book begins by introducing the cross-disciplinary fundamentals of pollutants, water treatment, and carbon-based nanomaterials. This is followed by chapters focusing on adsorption mechanisms, properties, modeling, and preparation techniques for carbon nanotube-based materials in the context of wastewater treatment. The subsequent sections of the book focus on specific applications of carbon nanotubes in removal of pollutants and as catalysts of co-catalysts for water treatment. Finally, other novel applications, key challenges, and research trends are discussed. This is a valuable resource for researchers and advanced students across nanotechnology, materials science, environmental science, chemical engineering, chemistry, biotechnology, sustainability, and engineering, as well as scientists, engineers, and R&D professionals with an interest in advanced nanomaterials for water treatment and environmental protection

This book focuses on advanced optical spectroscopy techniques for the characterization of cutting-edge semiconductor materials. It covers a wide range of techniques such as Raman, infrared, photoluminescence, and cathodoluminescence (CL) spectroscopy, including an introduction to their physical fundamentals and best operating principles. Aimed at professionals working in the research and development of semiconductors and semiconductor materials, this book looks at a broad class of materials such as silicon and silicon dioxide, nano-diamond thin films, quantum dots, and gallium oxide. In addition to the spectroscopic techniques covered, this book features a chapter devoted to the use of a scanning electron transmission microscope as an excitation source for CL spectroscopy. Written by a practicing industry expert in the field, this book is an ideal source of reference and best-practices guide for physicists, as well as materials scientists and engineers involved in the area of spectroscopy of semiconductor materials. Further, this book introduces the cutting-edge spectroscopy such as optical photothermal IR and Raman spectroscopy or terahertz time-domain spectroscopy (THz-TDS) etc.

The exact nature of electricity was a mystery that tantalized scientists for centuries. As its power was revealed, it excited a succession of brilliant inventors from Nikola Tesla to Robert Noyce.Their discoveries revolutionized the world.In unflinching detail, Camenzind describes their personal ambitions, conflicts, betrayals, and successes, creating a masterful synthesis of human interest and lucid technical description, unlike any other book on this subject.Who was Hans Camenzind?He was an engineer in the early days of Silicon Valley who single-handedly developed the most successful integrated circuit chip in history--the 555 timer.Thus, he was uniquely situated to write this brilliant historical document.

This book explains the theory and application of the technologies used in sensors for the measurement of linear and angular/rotary position, providing information important to sensor design, and how they function. A chapter on sensor outputs and communication protocols is included and is applicable to all types of industrial sensors.

This book covers significant aspects in measurements with lasers and photonic instruments with widespread applications. The book offers coverage of the most proven instruments, with a balanced treatment of the optical and electronic aspects involved.

Highly luminescent quantum dots combined with magnetic nanoparticles or ions form an exciting class of new materials for bioimaging. The book explores leading research in the fabrication, characterization, properties, and application of magnetic quantum dots in bioimaging.

This book highlights the application of active array antennas in high-resolution microwave imaging radar systems. It introduces the basic principles, analytical methods, and performance parameters of active array antennas to achieve low profile, high efficiency, and lightweight. The book systematically elaborates the architecture, analysis, and engineering practice to achieve wideband, multi-band, multi-polarization, and common aperture in active array antennas. It explores hotspot technologies of digital array antennas, microwave photonic array antennas, and active packaging antennas. By presenting over 300 illustrations and diagrams, including schematic diagrams, block diagrams, relation diagrams, and breakdown drawings, the book enables a thorough understanding of the antenna array microsystem as the advanced phase of active array antennas and the direction of future R&D. The book is a good reference source for researchers and engineers interested in the engineering and implementation of microwave imaging radar systems and antenna technology.

This book opens the eyes of readers to the clear relationship between the molecular-sized structures and the macroscopic functions of organic devices. The discovery of novel phenomena and the mechanism of multiplied photocurrent generation in organic semiconductors, which can be applicable to amplification-type photosensors, are concisely summarized. The motivation for writing this book is to let readers know how the novel phenomena were discovered and how the novel concepts were created. The main features here include the discovery of photocurrent multiplication, the tunneling mechanism, the structural trap model, novel phenomena related to photocurrent multiplication, avalanche multiplication, and ideas for the future. This book is of interest to new and experienced scientists as well as graduate students. The author strongly hopes that the young scientists of the next generation will be enthusiastically inspired by this book and will develop the field of organic semiconductors even further.

This book provides a deep insight into recent achievements in synthesis, investigation, and applications of the low-dimensional chalcohalide nanomaterials. The large number of interesting phenomena occur in these compounds, including ferroelectric, piezoelectric, pyroelectric, electrocaloric, Seebeck, photovoltaic, and ferroelectric-photovoltaic effects. Furthermore, the outstanding photoelectrochemical, photocatalytic, and piezocatalytic properties of the chalcohalide nanomaterials have been revealed. Since many chalcohalide semiconductors possess both photoactive and ferroelectric properties, they are recognized as photoferroelectrics. It presents an overview of fabrication of chalcohalide nanomaterials using different methods: mechanical milling of bulk crystals, liquid-phase exfoliation, vapor phase growth, hydro/solvothermal methods, synthesis under ultrasonic irradiation, microwave synthesis, laser/heat-induced crystallization, electrospinning, successive ionic layer adsorption and reaction. The strategies of the chalcohalide nanomaterials processing for construction of functional devices are presented.The book describes solution processing for thin films preparation, spin-coating deposition of polymer composites, solution casting, films deposition via drop-casting, high pressure compression of nanowires into the bulk samples, pressure assisted sintering, and electric field assisted alignment of nanowires. The applications of the chalcohalide nanomaterials for mechanical/thermal energy harvesting and energy storage are presented. Major challenges and emerging trends in fabrication, characterization, and future applications of low-dimensional chalcohalide nanomaterials are discussed. A wealth of information for scholars, graduate students, and engineers involved in research of nanomaterials.

This book showcases the state of the art in the field of electronics, as presented by researchers and engineers at the 53rd Annual Meeting of the Italian Electronics Society (SIE), held in Rende (CS), Italy, on September 5-7, 2022. It covers a broad range of aspects, including: integrated circuits and systems, micro- and nano-electronic devices, microwave electronics, sensors and microsystems, optoelectronics and photonics, power electronics, electronic systems and applications.

This is a printed copy of the Raspberry Pi Pico C/C++ SDK for people that like to use printed manuals. The information in this manual is available for free in PDF format directly from Raspberry Pi. This manual is printed in accordance with the CC BY-ND license. This is a third party printing of their manual.The SDK (Software Development Kit) provides the headers, libraries and build system necessary to write programs for RP2040-based devices such as Raspberry Pi Pico in C, C++ or Arm assembly language. The SDK is designed to provide an API and programming environment that is familiar both to non-embedded C developers and embedded C developers alike. A single program runs on the device at a time with a conventional main() method. Standard C/C++ libraries are supported along with APIs for accessing RP2040's hardware, including DMA, IRQs, and the wide variety fixed function peripherals and PIO (Programmable IO). Additionally the SDK provides higher level libraries for dealing with timers, USB, synchronization and multi-coreprogramming, along with additional high level functionality built using PIO such as audio. These libraries should be comprehensive enough that your application code rarely, if at all, needs to access hardware registers directly. However, if you do need or prefer to access the raw hardware, you will also find complete and fully-commented register definition headers in the SDK. There's no need to look up addresses in the datasheet.The SDK can be used to build anything from simple applications, full fledged runtime environments such asMicroPython, to low level software such as RP2040's on-chip bootrom itself.

This book covers evolution, concept and applications of modern semiconductor devices such as tunnel field effect transistors (TFETs), vertical super-thin body MOSFETs, ion sensing FETs (ISFETs), non-conventional solar cells, opto-electro mechanical devices and thin film transistors (TFTs). Comprising of theory, experimentation and applications of devices, the chapters describe state-of-art methods and techniques which shall be highly assistive in having an overall perspective on emerging technologies and working on a research area. The book is aimed at the scholars, enthusiasts and researchers who are currently working on devices in the contemporary era of semiconductor devices. Additionally, the chapters are lucid and descriptive and carry the potential of serving as a reference book for scholars in their undergraduate studies, who are looking ahead for a prospective career in semiconductor devices.

Computer Architecture: A Minimalist Perspective Exercise Solutions Manual provides answers and solutions to the seventy exercise problem questions in the original text. The book includes an index for the diagrams, equations, examples, and tables used in the solutions to the exercise problems. Over four-hundred references are available for the exercise solutions.The book website https://www.caamp.info provides further information about the original text that the exercise solutions manual provides solutions.

Nanotechnology for Oil-Water Separation: From Fundamentals to Industrial Applications explores how nanotechnologically engineered solutions (modified meshes, carbon nanotubes, functionalized fabrics, textile or hybrid elements for bio-membranes, nanofibrous materials, and many more) can be used to remediate current damage to the environment for a better tomorrow. Design and fabrication of low-cost, effective and environmentally friendly micro/nanomaterials exhibiting strong wettability properties and mechanical and chemical stability are examined, along with current research developments and possible future directions, making this book an essential read for researchers, advanced students, and industry professionals with an interest in nanotechnology and sustainable (bio)technologies. The increasing amounts of industrial substances released by petrochemical, steel or gas-generating plants and food-processing factories into water poses an ever more serious environmental threat. Due to the significant adverse impact on the natural ecosystem, aquatic organisms and human health, the scientific community has made its priority to find sustainable methods to separate oil-water mixtures.

This thesis presents the first successful realization of a compact, low-noise, and few-cycle light source in the mid-infrared wavelength region. By developing the technology of pumping femtosecond chromium-doped II-VI laser oscillators directly with the emission of broad-stripe single-emitter laser diodes, coherent light was generated with exceptionally low amplitude noise ¿ crucial for numerous applications including spectroscopy at high sensitivities. Other key parameters of the oscillator's output, such as pulse duration and output power, matched and even surpassed previous state-of-the-art systems. As a demonstration of its unique capabilities, the oscillator's powerful output was used to drive ¿ without further amplification ¿ the nonlinear generation of coherent mid-infrared light spanning multiple octaves. The resulting table-top system uniquely combines high brilliance and ultrabroad spectral bandwidth in the important mid-infrared spectral range.The rapid development of this technology is comprehensively and lucidly documented in this PhD thesis. Together with a thorough review of literature and applications, and an extensive analysis of the theoretical foundations behind ultrafast laser oscillators, the thesis will serve as a valuable reference for the construction of a new generation of mid-infrared light sources.

Novel Nanostructured Materials for Electrochemical Bio-sensing Applications presents a detailed overview into the fabrication of electrochemical bio-sensing devices. The book addresses the challenges and opportunities relating to sustainable and biocompatible sensors from food, water and wearable applications to the various nanostructured biocompatible materials required for sensor fabrication. In addition, it explores the connection between nanomaterials and sensors and takes into consideration different and novel approaches such as toxic materials monitoring and health issues correlated with the use of nanomaterials. Users will find exciting insight into innovations in nanostructured electrochemical biosensing. By providing its audience with fundamentals, limitations, challenges, future perspectives and practical sustainability, this book will serve as a reference source researchers and engineers within analytical chemistry and electrochemistry.

The book introduces basic programming of ARM Cortex-M cores in assembly and C at the register level, and the fundamentals of embedded system design. It presents basic concepts such as data representations (integer, fixed-point, floating-point), assembly instructions, stack, and implementing basic controls and functions of C language at the assembly level. It covers advanced topics such as interrupts, mixing C and assembly, direct memory access (DMA), system timers (SysTick), multi-tasking, SIMD instructions for digital signal processing (DSP), and instruction encoding/decoding. The book also gives detailed examples of interfacing peripherals, such as general purpose I/O (GPIO), LCD driver, keypad interaction, stepper motor control, PWM output, timer input capture, DAC, ADC, real-time clock (RTC), and serial communication (USART, I2C, SPI, and USB).

The book opens a magic miniature world of electronics to the reader. The book addresses what small means in terms of electronics and what clean means in terms of modern electronic technology. Consequently, the reader understands why the most advanced civilization of the ancient world ¿ the Egyptians ¿ was not capable to do electronics. The book also discusses functionalities of the low-voltage electronic components with the aim to implement them in electronic circuit design. At the same time, it also opens the space of electronic component design to the readers be it discrete or integrated. The book has an introduction section, 11 chapters, an appendix, index, and list of literature. Appendix A discusses a set of solved problems, Appendix B presents SPICE simulation examples, and Appendix C presents component numbering in marketing environment.