Elektronisk udstyr og materialer

This book shows the steps from data sheets of sensors to the extraction of model parameters for the program PSPICE in order to realize circuit analyses. Physical ENTITIES as temperature, humidity, light, pressure and sound are included by equations. The simulation concerns temperature displays, characteristics of humidity-sensors, light-to-voltage Converters, strain gauges, reed relays and Piezol-electric-sounders US-Converters and SAW Components

This book comprises a detailed overview on the role of photocatalysts for environmental remediation, hydrogen production and carbon dioxide reduction. Effective ways to enhance the photocatalytic activity of the material via doping, hybrid material, laser light and nanocomposites have been discussed in this book. The book also further elaborates the role of metal nanoparticles, rare earth doping, sensitizers, surface oxygen vacancy, interface engineering and band gap engineering for enhancing the photocatalytic activity. An approach to recover the photocatalytic material via immobilization is also presented. This book brings to light much of the recent research in the development of such semiconductor photocatalytic systems. The book will thus be of relevance to researchers in the field of: material science, environmental science & technology, photocatalytic applications, newer methods of energy generation & conversion and industrial applications. 

This book systematically analyzes the applicability of big data analytics and Industry 4.0 from the perspective of semiconductor manufacturing management. It reports in real examples and presents case studies as supporting evidence. In recent years, technologies of big data analytics and Industry 4.0 have been frequently applied to the management of semiconductor manufacturing. However, related research results are mostly scattered in various journal issues or conference proceedings, and there is an urgent need for a systematic integration of these results. In addition, many related discussions have placed too much emphasis on the theoretical framework of information systems rather than on the needs of semiconductor manufacturing management. This book addresses these issues.

This book describes the basic physical principles of techniques to generate and ultrashort pulse lasers and applications to ultrafast spectroscopy of various materials covering chemical molecular compounds, solid-state materials, exotic novel materials including topological materials, biological molecules and bio- and synthetic polymers. It introduces non-linear optics which provides the basics of generation and measurement of pulses and application examples of ultrafast spectroscopy to solid state physics. Also it provide not only material properties but also material processing procedures. The book describes also details of the world shortest visible laser and DUV lasers developed by the author's group. It is composed of the following 12 Sections: The special features of this book is that it is written by a single author with a few collaborators in a systematic way. Hence it provides a comprehensive and systematic description of the research field of ultrashort pulse lasers and ultrafast spectroscopy.Generation of ultrashort pulses in deep ultraviolet to near infraredGeneration of ultrashort pulses in terahertzCarrier envelope phase (CEP)Simple NLO processes with a few colorsMulti-color involved NLO processesMulti-color ultrashort pulse generationNLO materialsNLO processes in time-resolved spectroscopyLow dimension materialsConductors and superconductorsChemical reactions and material processingPhotobiological reactions

This book highlights the fabrication of orientation-controlled colloidal quantum well (nanoplatelet) thin films using liquid interface self-assembly. The book details methods for orientation-controlled deposition of CdSe core nanoplatelets for characterization of directional energy transfer in nanoplatelets and layer-by-layer construction of CdSe/CdZnS core/shell nanoplatelets to create optically active waveguides with precisely tunable thickness and excellent uniformity across device scale. It also provides a future outlook for construction of large-scale two- and three-dimensional nanoplatelet superstructures and their incorporation into device fabrication.

The autobiography of the designer of the World's First Microprocessor, the device that started the digital revolution. A military project, it was a secret until 1998.A story of opportunity and excellence.2nd Version, 2022. All rights reserved.

Durch die Fähigkeit, nahezu jedes Gerät oder Produkt mit Sensoren oder Funketiketten zu verbinden, können Unternehmen intelligente Netzwerke betreiben. Daneben darf die Bedeutung der klassischen Märkte für die Möglichkeit der Umsetzung ¿ wie schnelle Server, energiesparende Clouds usw. ¿ nicht übersehen werden. Fast ein Fünftel des gesamten digitalen Energieverbrauchs benötigen Rechenzentren, genauso viel wie alle internetfähigen Geräte selbst. Höchstintegrierte, schnelle und energiesparende Chips werden zur Schlüsseltechnologie insbesondere für den Zukunftsmarkt Smart Mobility. Dieses Buch gibt einen umfassenden Überblick über die Möglichkeiten, Eigenschaften und Fertigungstechnologien solcher Halbleiterbauelemente.

This book describes in detail the construction and working principle of a variety of commercially available hysteresis machines. The last part of the book is devoted to a comprehensive study of an experimental hysteresis machine.

This reference text presents a thorough discussion of the interface between quantum mechanics and real-world device simulation with an emphasis on the use of particles in the simulation.

The book describes the origin, principle of operation, development, advantages and disadvantages, applications, and frontiers of research for new-technology flowmeters: Coriolis, magnetic, ultrasonic, vortex, and thermal. It focuses on the newer, faster growing flowmeter markets, while placing them in the context of more traditional meters.

Polymer Electrolytes and their Composites for Energy Storage/Conversion Devices presents a state-of-the-art overview of the research and development in the use of polymers as electrolyte materials for various applications. It covers types of polymer electrolytes, ion dynamics, and the role of dielectric parameters and a review of applications. Divided into two parts, the first part of the book focuses on the types of polymer electrolytes, ion dynamics, and the role of dielectric parameters, while the second part provides a critical review of applications based on polymer electrolytes and their composites. This book:Presents the fundamentals of polymer composites for energy storage/conversion devicesExplores the ion dynamics and dielectric properties role in polymer electrolytesProvides detailed preparation methods and important characterization techniques to evaluate the electrolyte potentialReviews analysis of current updates in polymer electrolytesIncludes various applications in supercapacitor, battery, fuel cell, and electrochromic windowsThe book is aimed at researchers and graduate students in physics, materials science, chemistry, materials engineering, energy storage, engineering physics, and industry.

Driven by continuing pursuits in device miniaturization and performance improvement, emergent micro- and nanomaterials hold the keys to enabling next-generation technologies in optical, infrared, and terahertz applications, owing to their unique properties and strong responses in these frequency bands. Development of these fascinating materials has triggered a number of opportunities in the applied sciences, and some have even made their impact in the market. Emergent Micro- and Nanomaterials for Optical, Infrared, and Terahertz Applications reviews state-of-the-art developments in various emergent materials and their implementation in applications such as sensors, waveplates, communications, and light sources, among others. The book discusses the similarities, advantages, and limitations and offers a comparative of each material. This volume:Covers all emergent materials (natural and artificial) that are promising for optical, infrared, and terahertz applicationsComparatively analyzes these materials, elucidating their unique advantages, limitations, and application scopesProvides an up-to-date record on achievements and progress in cutting-edge optical, infrared, and terahertz applicationsOffers a comprehensive overview to connect multidisciplinary fields, such as materials, physics, and optics, to serve as a basis for future progressThis book is a valuable reference for engineers, researchers, and students in the areas of materials and optics, as well as physics, and will benefit both junior- and senior-level researchers.

With millions of new users and several new models, the Raspberry Pi ecosystem continues to expandalong with a lot of new questions about the Pis capabilities. The second edition of this popular cookbook provides more than 240 hands-on recipes for running this tiny low-cost computer with Linux, programming it with Python, and hooking up sensors, motors, and other hardwareincluding Arduino and the Internet of Things.Prolific hacker and author Simon Monk also teaches basic principles to help you use new technologies with Raspberry Pi as its ecosystem continues to develop. This cookbook is ideal for programmers and hobbyists familiar with the Pi through resources, including Getting Started with Raspberry Pi (OReilly). Python and other code examples from the book are available on GitHub.Set up your Raspberry Pi and connect to a networkWork with its Linux-based operating systemProgram Raspberry Pi with PythonGive your Pi "e;eyes"e; with computer visionControl hardware through the GPIO connectorUse Raspberry Pi to run different types of motorsWork with switches, keypads, and other digital inputsUse sensors to measure temperature, light, and distanceConnect to IoT devices in various waysCreate dynamic projects with Arduino

This research and reference text provides up-to-date coverage of the latest research on hot carriers in semiconductors, with a focus on the background, theoretical approaches, measurements and physical understanding required to engage with the field. Pitched at an introductory level, it equips researchers transitioning from optics to fully understand the role of hot carriers in semiconductors, and is a core text for graduate courses in hot carrier phenomena.

Microelectronics is a challenging course to many undergraduate students and is often described as very messy. Before taking this course, all the students have learned circuit analysis, where basically all the problems can be solved by applying Kirchhoff's

This book outlines the principles of thermoelectric generation and refrigeration from the discovery of the Seebeck and Peltier effects in the nineteenth century through the introduction of semiconductor thermoelements in the mid-twentieth century to the more recent development of nanostructured materials. It is shown that the efficiency of a thermoelectric generator and the coefficient of performance of a thermoelectric refrigerator can be related to a quantity known as the figure of merit. The figure of merit depends on the Seebeck coefficient and the ratio of the electrical to thermal conductivity. It is shown that expressions for these parameters can be derived from the band theory of solids. The conditions for favourable electronic properties are discussed. The methods for selecting materials with a low lattice thermal conductivity are outlined and the ways in which the scattering of phonons can be enhanced are described. The application of these principles is demonstrated for specific materials including the bismuth telluride alloys, bismuth antimony, alloys based on lead telluride, silicon-germanium and materials described as phonon-glass electron-crystals. It is shown that there can be advantages in using the less familiar transverse thermoelectric effects and the transverse thermomagnetic effects. Finally, practical aspects of thermoelectric generation and refrigeration are discussed. The book is aimed at readers who do not have a specialised knowledge of solid state physics.

FPGAs have almost entirely replaced the traditional Application Specific Standard Parts (ASSP) such as the 74xx logic chip families because of their superior size, versatility, and speed. For example, FPGAs provide over a million fold increase in gates compared to ASSP parts. The traditional approach for hands-on exercises has relied on ASSP parts, primarily because of their simplicity and ease of use for the novice. Not only is this approach technically outdated, but it also severely limits the complexity of the designs that can be implemented. By introducing the readers to FPGAs, they are being familiarized with current digital technology and the skills to implement complex, sophisticated designs. However, working with FGPAs comes at a cost of increased complexity, notably the mastering of an HDL language, such as Verilog. Therefore, this book accomplishes the following: first, it teaches basic digital design concepts and then applies them through exercises; second, it implements these digital designs by teaching the user the syntax of the Verilog language while implementing the exercises. Finally, it employs contemporary digital hardware, such as the FPGA, to build a simple calculator, a basic music player, a frequency and period counter and it ends with a microprocessor being embedded in the fabric of the FGPA to communicate with the PC. In the process, readers learn about digital mathematics and digital-to-analog converter concepts through pulse width modulation.

This is an overview of different models and mechanisms developed to describe the capture and relaxation of carriers in quantum-dot systems. Despite their undisputed importance, the mechanisms leading to population and energy exchanges between a quantum dot and its environment are not yet fully understood. The authors develop a first-order approach to such effects, using elementary quantum mechanics and an introduction to the physics of semiconductors. The book results from a series of lectures given by the authors at the Master's level.

While field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs) are certainly not new, their time to take the market by force did not fully arrive until 2016, at least for a new wave of applications in research, enterprise, and machine learning. With key acquisitions, highly publicized use cases of FPGAs at scale for real-world applications, and momentum to make programming these devices easier, FPGAs found the limelight-and that story is just beginning. Tracing the progression of FPGA use cases, technology developments, and market trends via the compute infrastructure analysis publication, The Next Platform, authors Nicole Hemsoth and Timothy Prickett Morgan pull together the last year in FPGA developments and offer a synthesized, holistic view of where the industry is heading-and where the new application areas will emerge. From the use of these devices in deep learning and machine learning, high performance computing (HPC), and enterprise applications, the range of FPGA acceleration is growing. In this 2017 edition of the book, readers will see the big picture for FPGAs in terms of past, present, and future and be armed with a sense of direction for new applications and innovations on the device and software sides.

When the Controller Area Network (CAN) was designed, security was not a requirement. The primary usage of CAN was considered closed; possible intruders or attackers would simply not get physical or remote access to the network. However, today it is more and more common that devices connected to a CAN system also have connections to other networks, including the Internet. Recent car hacks have shown that attackers may get access to CAN systems. Without strong security features, an attacker automatically gains full access to everything connected, allowing active control commands to be recorded and replayed. In this book we examine which options developers of CAN based systems realistically can use to provide adequate security features. What can we do - without using heavy-weight security features? What can we do - to detect possibly injected messages? What can we do - without any hardware change? What can we do - with minimal software change? The CANcrypt protocol and software is introduced as a scalable security solution for the Controller Area Network. Free demo examples including C source code can be downloaded from ESAcademy's web pages. www.esacademy.com/cancrypt