Miljøvidenskab, miljøteknik og miljøteknologi

The book provides a comprehensive review of the rapidly expanding and includes in-depth discussions on salinity resilience, sustainable production under climate change, how do plants resilience saline conditions?, Beside Genetic Diversity and inheritance of resistance to Salinity. Furthermore, covers a vast array of special topics and applications illustrating the wide use recent approach of techniques and measurements of assessing genotypes for salinity resilienceThis book has been prepared and supported by recent references and statistics with tables and colourful figures to deliver recent advances to the audience of lower and upper undergraduate, and professional/Practitioner researchers at universities and research centers in the fields of crop breeding and production, physiology, genetics, molecular biology and biotechnology, and allied fields such as agro ecology, sustainable agriculture, climate-resilient agriculture.

The global environment has been rapidly deteriorating because of global warming, and a large population is facing severe water and food shortages. In addition to global warming, soil and groundwater contamination by heavy metals such as lead, arsenic, and chromium due to industrial development and excessive use of pesticides is also rapidly increasing. Remediation is necessary for replenishing drinking water and food, and remediation using microorganisms (bioremediation) and plants (phytoremediation) is one of the most feasible and economical methods. This book deals with strategies for efficient bioremediation and phytoremediation procedures. The authors discuss effective remediation technology, thus providing important information and new ideas for fighting the deterioration of our global environment.

This book provides a detailed study and assessment of water resources management andpollution control in different BRICS countries. The regions involved areBrazil, Russia, India, China and South Africa. This book gives importantinsight into how future sustainability depends on the development of effectivewater governance mechanisms at the level of countries. According to theregional characteristics from different aspects it cuts into the waterenvironment problems and studies in different ways, which is multifaceted andtargeted. Using case studies that include environmentally integrated basinexperiments (eibex) of Brazil, groundwater overflow zone of India, semi-aridriver basin of South Africa and so on, this volume provides criticalinformation for researchers and policymakers.

Microbial bioremediation and biodegradation in environmental monitoring offers an environmentally friendly approach for the monitoring and effective removal of contaminants. Various aspects of microbial-mediated bioremediation take advantage of the microorganisms' ability to transform noxious compounds into utilizable intermediates and value-added products. Different microbial metabolites such as enzymes, biosurfactants, emulsifiers, organic acids, and solvents play significant roles in the decontamination of radioactive and heavy metals, chemical pesticides, and organic contaminants such as dyes and hydrocarbons in environmentally safe manners. Recent advancements in biochemical engineering, OMICS and genetic modification, and synthetic-biology pave ways for identifying indicator microbial strains, mechanisms of remediation, and the development of tailor-made microbe-metabolites for future applications. Microbial biotechnology in environmental monitoring and bioremediation thus represent a new way to rehabilitate and reconstruct "e;damaged"e; ecosystems.This work summarizes the latest research in the field of environmental bioremediation and offers fascinating insights on the behaviours of these unique microorganisms. It also presents exciting, new perspectives for the application of microbes in environmental protection. It is suitable for students, scholars, researchers and organizations involved in environmental protection.

Agricultural waste can be a source of energy, fertilizer, and other inputs at farm and industrial levels. Handling and managing agricultural waste are challenging tasks worldwide, especially in the context of environmental pollution control and sustainable agriculture. Thus, efficient management in terms of reuse, recycling, and reduction of agricultural waste is principally needed not only for the green economy but also for farmers¿ profitability. Agricultural Waste ¿ New Insights provides an understanding of agricultural waste production and management, discussing crop residue, biodegradables, biomass, composting and vermiculture, agricultural waste economics, air pollution, environmental safety, waste management and handling, on-farm waste reuse, and agricultural waste value addition. It provides key aspects of emerging technologies and their applications in the domain of agriculture waste management.

To monitor multi-hazards, Remote Sensing and GIS-based multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) techniques have been extensively used in recent years worldwide. Since natural hazards cannot be eliminated, only quantification of these events and reliable forecasting can alleviate their detrimental effects, through which we can build more resilient and safe societies. Moreover, cultivating the proper knowledge of the multi-hazards and their monitoring and management can fill the gap between science, policy, and the community concerned. In an endeavor to understand and characterize the various hazards, Monitoring and Managing Multi-hazards: A Multidisciplinary approach presents a synthesis of what cross-disciplinary researchers know about these hazards and indigenous adaptation strategies.The book therefore focuses on the use of precision techniques, Remote Sensing, and GIS technologies to quantify various natural, environmental and social hazards along with the capacity building and sustainable mitigation strategies towards resilient societies. It encompasses both thematic and regional case studies to highlight the dynamicity of climate change, change of natural resources, landscape, water, river, agricultural, and social ecosystems at various spatio-temporal scales, including theoretical and applied aspects. The book gives readers an overview and analysis of traditional and advanced geospatial technologies on atmospheric, lithospheric, hydrosphere, biospheric and socio-economic contexts, on all spatial and temporal scales regarding hazards and disasters and sustainable development and management for the future.

Ein Erdbeben erschüttert Haiti und ein Hurrikan wütet in Texas. Wir hören, dass die Natur wütet und versucht, uns durch diese "Naturkatastrophen" zu zerstören. Die Wissenschaft erzählt eine andere Geschichte: die unbequeme Wahrheit, dass Katastrophen nicht die Folge von natürlichen Ursachen sind, sondern die meisten "Naturkatastrophen" durch menschliche Entscheidungen verursacht werden.¿In diesem Buch erfahren Sie, wie Katastrophen vermieden werden können und sollten. Menschen mit politischer Macht, Geld und Möglichkeiten, allen zu helfen, vermeiden aktiv, Katastrophen zu verhindern, wenn die Natur ihre Kräfte und Energien entfesselt. Sie werden von Beispielen für schreckliche Katastrophen wie Erdbeben und Hurrikane in Haiti lesen, neben inspirierenden Erfolgen im Umgang mit Waldbränden in Colorado und Überschwemmungen in Toronto und Bangladesch. Die Geschichten nehmen Sie mit auf eine Reise um die Welt und in die Vergangenheit, um die komplexen Faktoren zu erkunden, die Katastrophen verursachen. Die Politik diktiert, wo und was wir bauen, während sie Armut, Marginalisierung und Diskriminierung schafft und aufrechterhält. Wir sollten die Menschen, die diese Entscheidungen treffen, für Katastrophen verantwortlich machen. Doch stattdessen konzentrieren wir uns auf Umweltfaktoren oder Gottheiten, die Todesfälle, Schäden und Störungen "verursachen".Die Politik diktiert, wo und was wir bauen, während sie Armut, Marginalisierung und Diskriminierung schafft und aufrechterhält und wir konzentrieren uns auf Umweltfaktoren oder Gottheiten, die Todesfälle oder Schäden "verursachen". Dieses Buch handelt von der Unfähigkeit der Menschheit, mit der Umwelt und mit uns selbst, kollektiv und individuell, umzugehen. Es wird Sie dabei unterstützen, bessere Entscheidungen zu treffen, um zukünftig dazu beizutragen Katastrophen zu verhindern.

Blue Economy: Oceans as the Economic Frontier in Industry 4.0 examines the emerging concepts related to blue economy and climate change, along with their effects on oceans. The book provides a detailed review of the current literature and includes unique case studies analyzed by experts in the field, thus offering graduate students and researchers a thorough guide with practical applications.

This book and its 2 sister books (Volumes 2 and 3) of the Handbook of Environmental Engineering (HEE) series have been designed to serve as a mini-series covering agricultural and green biotechnologies. It is expected to be of value to advanced undergraduate and graduate students, to designers of sustainable biological resources systems, and to scientists and researchers. The aim of these books is to provide information on treatment and management of agricultural, pharmaceutical and food wastes and to serve as a basis for advanced study or specialized investigation of the theory and analysis of various integrated environmental control and waste recycle systems. Volume 1 covers topics on: treatment and management of livestock wastes; waste treatment in the pharmaceutical biotechnology industry using green environmental technologies; vermicomposting process for treating agricultural and food wastes; the impacts of climate change on agricultural, food, and public utility industries; innovative PACT activated sludge, CAPTOR activated sludge, activated bio-filter, vertical loop reactor, and PHOSTRIP processes; agricultural waste treatment by water hyacinth aquaculture, wetland aquaculture, evapotranspiration, rapid rate land treatment , slow rate land treatment, and subsurface infiltration; production and applications of crude polyhydroxyalkanoate-containing bioplastic from agricultural and food-processing wastes; optimization processes of biodiesel production from pig and neem seeds blend oil using alternative catalysts from waste biomass; making castor oil a promising source for the production of flavor and fragrance through lipase mediated biotransformation; and waste treatment and minimization in baker's yeast industry.

This is the 9th edition of the International Conference on Energy and Environment Research, ICEER 2022, took place in the middle of September, ISEP, Porto, Portugal (Hybrid). This book includes all the well-presented papers in ICEER 2022.The maturity of this conference series has now been reached, with a large number of participants from academia, as well as a few coming from the professional field. Linking together energy and environment research is not an easy task. However, it is now understood that these fields are interconnected and that the answer to the challenge of a sustainable future depends enormously on the willingness and capability of problem thinking in an integrated manner. This book presents the participants in ICEER 2022 contribution toward sustainability, through energy and environment research, thanks for all.

This textbook presents the principles and methods for the measurement of radioactivity in the environment. In this regard, specific low-level radiation counting and spectrometry or mass spectrometry techniques are discussed, including sources, distribution, levels and dynamics of radioactivity in nature. The author gives an accurate description of the fundamental concepts and laws of radioactivity as well as the different types of detectors and mass spectrometers needed for detection. Special attention is paid to scintillators, semiconductor detectors, and gas ionization detectors. In order to explain radiochemistry, some concepts about chemical separations are introduced as well. The book is meant for graduate and advanced undergraduate students in physics, chemistry or engineering oriented to environmental sciences, and to other disciplines where monitoring of the environment and its management is of great interest.

This proceedings book presents a discussion by leading scientists and specialists of the latest scientific results, developed methods, technologies and technical means of research and pilot work in the field of geosciences and environmental management. An important task is to familiarize young specialists, teachers, graduate students and students with the current state and the latest world achievements in this field of knowledge. Currently, there is a rapid and significant climate change, which manifests itself not only in global warming, but also in noticeable changes in other atmospheric and climatic characteristics among others.

China announced the national goal of achieving carbon peaking before 2030 and carbon neutrality before 2060. The great cause of achieving carbon peaking and carbon neutrality requires relentless efforts of the whole society. 100 Q&As on Carbon Peaking and Carbon Neutrality explains in simple language some core and key issues about achieving carbon peaking and carbon neutrality in the form of Q&As. This book will enhance the recognition and awareness of achieving carbon peaking and carbon neutrality among officials at all levels, enterprise personnel, and the general public.

The Mekong Delta Environmental Research Guidebook, Volume Four comprehensively covers the Mekong Delta and presents new evidence on unsolved environmental issues. Key experts from around the world offer suggestions for the implementation of more effective mitigation and adaptation measures, especially in the context of climate change and upstream hydropower dam development. This book will help guide students and scientists, both juniors and seniors in their journey of the Mekong Delta Environmental Research, by presenting them with all the necessary information and detailed case studies for a more in-depth understanding of each issue so they can make informed decisions.

Circular economy can serve as a key building block for the sustainability targets of manufacturing companies. Although the term itself has long been established, we see that proper implementation of a circular economy model across entire manufacturing value chains is still lacking and remains a challenge. However, there are clearly visible and good examples of circular economy standards which have already been applied and are generating value among multiple layers. Circular Economy and Manufacturing presents these and more, providing a roadmap of optimized, flexible, efficient, effective, and competitive green production strategies for the manufacturing industry and its multiple stakeholders. The volume proves to be an excellent springboard for further discussion and research into new frameworks of best practices in view of achieving more socially responsible and sustainable organizations in a not-so-distant future.

Biorefinery of Industrial Effluents for a Sustainable Circular Economy provides a combined approach on environmental engineering, which involves the improvement of the natural environment or remediation of polluted sites. In addition, it discusses bioprocess engineering involving the development of processes for the manufacture of products from biological materials to produce a valuable bioproduct. It covers sources, impacts, and applications of industrial effluents that could potentially be used as feedstock for the IEB with examples of applied research that demonstrates the relationship between the effluents, biorefinery, treatment and bioproduct recovery. Materials that can be produced from IEB and the treatment processes for such are considered.

Environmental Remediation in Agri-Food Industry Using Nanotechnology and Sustainable Strategies presents remediation practices to remove environmental pollutants caused by food manufacturing processes. The book explores AOPs, BiOX photocatalysts, perovskite materials, Zirconium oxide-based nanocomposites, and heterostructured semiconductor nanomaterials. It looks at environmental pollutants from the meat industry, fish production, horticulture, grains and other food manufacturing, and explores remediation of soil, water, and air. Contributors represent expertise from backgrounds in materials chemistry, nanotechnology, environmental chemistry, green technologies, analytical and physical chemistry, and agricultural and food science, providing a multidisciplinary approach for use in industry and public policy toward solving food security and environmental issues.

Application of Artificial Intelligence in Hybrid Electric Vehicle Energy Management presents the state of the art in hybrid electric vehicle system modeling and management. With a focus on learning-based energy management strategies, this book provides detailed methods, mathematical models, and strategies designed to optimize the energy management of the energy supply module of a hybrid vehicle.This book first addresses the underlying problems in Hybrid Electric Vehicle (HEV) modeling, and then introduces several artificial intelligence-based energy management strategies of HEV systems, including those based on fuzzy control with driving pattern recognition, multiobjective optimization, fuzzy Q-learning and Deep Deterministic Policy Gradient (DDPG) algorithms. To help readers apply these management strategies, this book also introduces State of Charge and State of Health prediction methods and real-time driving pattern recognition. For each application, the detailed experimental process, program code, experimental results, and algorithm performance evaluation are provided.Application of Artificial Intelligence in Hybrid Electric Vehicle Energy Management is a valuable reference for anyone involved in the modeling and management of hybrid electric vehicles, and will be of interest to graduate students, researchers, and professionals working on HEVs in the fields of energy, electrical, and automotive engineering.

Rhizomicrobiome in Sustainable Agriculture and Environment explores the important potential of biocontrol agents in the reduction of overexploitation of synthetic pesticides, enhancing crop production, and maintaining the natural texture and health of agricultural soils. As concerns about sustainable production challenge current practices, this book presents opportunities for utilizing biological systems as part of the solution. Written by a team of global experts, sections explore the full range of rhizomicrobiome topics, including sustainable agriculture, food security, and environmental management. This will be a valuable resource for researchers, academics, and advanced students. Rhizomicrobiome is a significant part of plant biological system which impacts the plant growth and survival in different physiological conditions. Its composition includes different microbial networks whose presence is mainly impacted by the root exudates. Archaea, bacteria, protozoa, fungi, oomycetes, nematodes, microarthropods etc. are the significant parts of the rhizomicrobiome. Rhizomicrobiome could be that novel ecosystem housing the bioinoculants that can help create sustainable, productive growth environments.

Water Footprints and Sustainable Development serves as the sole comprehensive volume of the role of waste management for sustainable development. It provides an overview of Global Scenario of water footprints in water smart cities and technologies and investigates the critical factors that enable the sustainable developments of various industries in respect to water resources management. The goal of this book is to introduce the reader to the current technologies used for reducing water footprints, and to offer the necessary information and tools for sustainable development.

Environmental Materials and Waste: Circular Economy and Pollution Abatement, Second Edition, contains the latest information on environmental sustainability as a wide variety of natural resources are increasingly being exploited to meet the demands of a worldwide growing population and economy. The book takes a multidisciplinary approach to fully realize the number of by-products which can be remanufactured, providing the foundation needed across disciplines to tackle this issue. As awareness and opportunities to recover valuable resources from process and bleed streams is gaining interest, sustainable recovery of environmental materials, including wastewater, offers tremendous opportunity to combine profitable and sustainable production. In this 2nd edition, operational principles of circular economy for sustainable development with reference to environmental waste shall be covered. Circular economy research is discussed in depth as it has gained considerable momentum in the scientific literature thus far, and both conceptual debates and the creation of useful implementation strategies are still in their infancy. Although circular systems are now being implemented, this book will emphasize the importance to properly consider and convert circular economy goals and principles into actions. As a whole, this 2nd edition of Environmental Materials and Waste covers a wide range of issues that must be covered in order to improve environmental sustainability.

Biofuel Cells: The Design and Application of Biological Catalysts presents a detailed examination of biofuel cells, from their fundamentals and basic principles through to the latest technological, material, and bioengineering developments. The book follows a clear, step-by-step chapter structure that takes the reader through each stage of the design, construction, and operation of BFC-based devices. Chapters 1 and 2 provide a detailed review of the fundamentals and basic principles of microbial and biofuel cells, including the electrochemistry, materials and mechanics, and applications. Chapter 3 provides an in-depth examination of catalyst evolution, and Chapter 4 explains all aspects of electron transfer in enzymatic biofuel cells. Chapter 5 reviews all types of hybrid biofuel cells, including fabrication and design strategies for thermoelectric and triboelectric energy devices. In Chapter 6, advanced manufacturing techniques for biofuel cells and bio-devices are explained, including the working principles and methodologies for printing, microfluidics, fiber, microneedle, and others. Finally, Chapter 7 explores the diverse applications of biofuel cells and bio-devices, from biosensors and bioelectronics to capacitive biofuel cells. Chapters are supported by computational tools, working manuals for the techniques discussed, and detailed schematics and flowcharts for BCF fabrication. Biofuel Cells: The Design and Application of Biological Catalysts is an invaluable resource for graduate students and early career researchers interested in any aspect of biofuel cells and bio-devices and is specifically designed to benefit students from multiple backgrounds, including chemical engineering, electrical engineering, mechanical engineering, and biotechnology.

This proposed book chapter is expected to provide the readers with wide aspects of green technologies for industrial waste remediation. The first chapter is dedicated to the introduction to the title of the book. The chapter discusses various green technologies for industrial waste remediation. After that, the second chapter emphasizes the different types of applications of microorganisms in industrial waste treatment. After that, chapters emphasize the specific area of the title, including the micro and nanofiltration technology for the treatment of industrial wastewater, methods for the recovery and removal of heavy metals from industrial effluents, algal photobioreactor technology for industrial wastewater treatment, carbon capture and energy recovery, bioremediation of radioactive wastes, membrane-based technologies for industrial waste management, valorization of agro-industrial wastes for biorefinery products, bioaccumulation and detoxification of metals through genetically engineered microorganism, application of biochar in waste remediation, constructed wetlands for industrial wastewater remediation, bioelectrochemical treatment of recalcitrant pollutants, microplastics, petrochemicals including BTEX, applications of biosorbents in industrial wastewater treatment, Microbial biofilm reactor for sustainable wastewater treatment, dye adsorption and degradation using microbial consortium, sustainable treatment of endocrine disruptive chemicals released from industries, biological nanomaterials for industrial wastewater management, vermifiltration as a natural, cost-effective and green technology for biomanagement of industrial wastewater, biocatalytic remediation of industrial pollutants, and green treatment of poly aromatic hydrocarbons released from industrial waste. All the chapters cover various aspects of sustainable management of industrial wastes covering relevant literature and data.Further, this book discusses the various advanced techniques/methods adopted for the enhancement of waste management, like the application of nanoparticles. This book discusses other related topics such as algal photobioreactors for carbon dioxide sequestration. Further, chapters are included to discuss about life cycle assessment of the wastewater treatment tools and commercialization aspects.

This book discusses the key problems and solutions with various applicable approaches to combat antibiotic-resistant genes in industrial waste water. Several genes are selected within the chapters to illustrate the past and future roles of molecular ecophysiology and genomics in the development of wastewater microbiology as an important subdiscipline of microbial ecology. As we have very limited knowledge of composition, dynamics and stability of microbial communities, various processes in wastewater treatment have been generally considered to be "black box." In recent years, with the development of several new high throughput sequencing platforms, metagenome sequencing strategies and bioinformatics toolboxes, the analysis of the genome of complex communities has become much more accessible and means easier.The opening of the biological wastewater treatment ¿black box¿ is not the unpleasant experience it was before. The viable, but not cultural, ceases tobe the inconsequential, uncharacterizable enigma that existed today. Metagenomics leads the way for more specific studies in related fields. Finally, genomic studies of wastewater treatment microbes, in addition to their biotechnological applications, are also an excellent testing ground for variety of other ecological and environmental burns questions. Wastewater treatment plants are considered hotspots for the environmental dissemination of antimicrobial-resistant determinants. Comparative genomics of antibiotic resistant genes isolated from conventional activated sludge and biological aerated filter wastewater treatment plants is discussed.

"An illustrated key to identifying the mushrooms of the Cascadian bioregion, stretching from coastal Alaska to central California and Idaho, featuring 1,000-plus full-color photographs and more than 3,000 species"--

Water chemistry, water sources, water pollutants, and microbiological contaminants are all covered in the book. The basic concepts of water chemistry are well taught. Along with stormwater management and green infrastructure, the book also examines the theoretical underpinnings of a number of water treatment and analysis procedures. Graduate and advanced undergraduate students, environmental researchers, chemists, and lab technicians who work in water and environmental laboratories could all benefi t from this book. Chemical engineers and operators are the primary target audience for the majority of books on the market, thus both technicians and chemists can gain a lot from this book.

Environmental Approach to Remediate Refractory Pollutants from Industrial Wastewater Treatment Plants discusses the emerging trends in the bioremediation of hazardous pollutants found in wastewater, including the fate of pollutants produced after the treatment process both at the laboratory scale and at the industrial scale. Describing a broad area of biological processes and water research - considered key components for advanced water purification - it also includes the desalination technologies that remove, reduce, or neutralize water contaminants that threaten human health.Exploring the unique biological aspects of the wastewater treatment process, the book highlights the advantages they provide for engineering applications in industry, with each chapter covering a different biological-based approach, examining the basic principles, practical applications, recent breakthroughs and associated limitations.