Forureningskontrol

Nanotechnology-Based Sensors for Detection of Environmental Pollution discusses the use of nanotechnology to generate sensors capable of performing efficient detection of different types of environmental pollutants. Sections explore environmental pollution as a threat to life on Earth, the main contaminants (inorganic, organic or pathogens), and the risk they represent to living beings. Others are dedicated to nanotechnology, allowing pollutants' detection, a brief history of nanotechnology-based sensors, different types of nanotechnology-based sensor (optical, electrochemical, and magnetic), nanotechnology-based sensors' design and fabrication, nano biosensors, and more. Additional sections focus on important specific pollutants (pesticides, heavy metal, dyes, toxic gas, pharmaceutical waste, petroleum hydrocarbons, and pathogenic microbes) and their detection by nanotechnology-based sensors and important nanomaterials in nanotechnology-based sensors, exploring carbon-based and non-carbon-based material in nanoscale (graphene, carbon nanotubes, quantum dots, magnetic nanomaterials, non-magnetic nanoparticles) and also point-of-care sensors and functionalization to generate optimized nanotechnology-based sensors to pollutants' detection.

Microplastics: Transport, Impacts, Monitoring and Mitigation provides a critical analysis of our current understanding of microplastic science, the methods by which microplastic are observed in the environment, and our options for mitigation and remediation. The book is intended for those studying or working in the fields of environmental science and waste management (as well as associated areas), and provides the holistic context needed to evaluate and interpret the outputs associated with the interlinked problems of plastic and microplastics. In this manner, the reader will be invited to explore the ongoing challenges which have thus far prevented the development of a thorough understanding of the risk posed by plastic and microplastic pollution to be able to discuss the implications of ongoing uncertainty to effective plastic management and evaluate the current strategies to control the ongoing proliferation of plastic pollution.

This volume collects the results from the Politecnico di Milan's award-winning "e;Boa_Ma_Nha, Maputo!"e; research-by-design project, which studied various transdisciplinary approaches to development in the context of the Global South. The challenges of urbanization are well known, but that only goes so far in aiding implementation. From local considerations like water access and housing rights to global issues like climate change, territorial development demands solutions that address the needs of the specific population while keeping such goals as sustainability and inclusion in mind. By focusing on a number of towns within the Maputo Province of Mozambique, and thus addressing many of the issues endemic to Sub-Saharan Africa, the research, structurally presented so as to aid those who may require introduction to the issue, makes a clear case in favor of always keeping the Water-Energy-Food (WEF) Nexus in mind when formulating development strategies for improving people's lives, as well as the wisdom of marrying academic findings with the insights accrued by local NGOs and institutions, thereby expanding the potential idea bank beyond the Eurocentric status quo that has tended to dominate the field.

Over the years, the uses and applications of rare earth elements (REEs) diversified in various fields such as catalysis, production of magnets, glasses, alloys, and electronics. This book consists of fifteen chapters, which present recent advances and outlook on REEs and their oxides/salts in catalytic organic transformations, biomedical applications, bioremediation and environmental impacts.

This edited volume brings together a diverse group of environmental science, sustainability and health researchers to address the challenges posed by global mass poisoning caused by lithium and nickel contamination of soil and plants. The book sheds light on this global environmental issue and proposes solutions to contamination through multi-disciplinary approaches and case studies from different parts of the world.This book is a valuable resource to students, academicians, researchers, and environmental professionals who are doing field work on lithium and nickel contamination throughout the world.

This book provides audiences the research ideas and research achievements of authors who attended CEESD 2022. Although all countries in the world are vigorously promoting environmental governance and improving people's living environment, environmental pollution is still serious, and environmental protection requires more advanced concepts and technologies. This conference attracted many scientific researchers in the environmental field to actively discuss and share their scientific research results and ideas, which will provide important reference value for others.

This book provides a state-of-the-art review of recent analytical developments on multi-outlets pipe flow hydraulics and alternative hydraulic design concepts. For this purpose, the book presents simple, but sufficiently accurate analytical equations, that can be applied directly without needing any numerical technique to achieve whole hydraulic computations. The analytical procedures explained here give an opportunity for designers to better understand the basic hydraulic principles of multi-outlet pipe flow, and demonstrate their applicability and efficiency to design problems of multi-outlet sub-main lines, covering various design configurations.

This book is designed to give an existing state of knowledge in the field of hydrology, irrigation engineering, and hydraulic structures in a brief manner so that students can use it for their own reference from time to time. Compared to other voluminous books available on the subject, the author has tried to cover the important subject matter in an abridged manner in approximately 320 pages. Besides the full explanation of the theoretical aspects with well-illustrated figures, it gives a number of solved numerical examples. Problems for practice are also given with answers at the end of each chapter.

Safe and Sustainable Arctic Shipping Management and Development presents insight into the Arctic and shipping and natural resource exploration in the region. The book discusses the challenges in harnessing the Arctic's potential, and making it sustainable and productive. It enables both researchers and practitioners to apply the theoretical knowledge obtained in the field to solve challenging issues. The book focuses on the management and development of Arctic shipping, including the use of shipping for natural resource exploration and the socio-economic implications of shipping activities. Sections cover the geography, planning, environmental, economics, management, policy, regulations, and governance. The book also closely integrates the implications of Arctic activities with indigenous ways of life. It is divided into four major sections, namely Theoretical Settings, Economic Opportunities and Risks, Operational Challenges, and Environmental and Social Implications. This book is a quality companion to any researchers, policymakers, and industrial practitioners involved in transport and environmental planning and management as a solid platform for further research, planning, and development of appropriate policies and practices.

This book is designed to be the introductory work in the new Sustainable Development of Water Resource and Environmental Management Series and provides an in-depth look at sustainable development and management in the water sector across.In the face of current global changes, the availability and quality of water resources are under severe threat.Indeed, in all sectors related to water resources management, sustainable development is important for present and future generations.This book includes selected papers from the 5th International Symposium on Water Resource and Environmental Management (WREM 2022) and consists of themes pertaining to water resource and environmental management.It provides readers with comprehensive information on the principles of sustainable water resources management, as well as recent advances, directions for future research, and policy development for sustainable water resources management.As a reference, it isof interest to students, scientists, engineers, government officials, and water resource managers.

A practical guide to implementing product stewardship and/or extended producer responsibility in communities and businesses.

Green and Sustainable Approaches Using Wastes for the Production of Multifunctional Nanomaterials focuses on the examination of green synthesis utilizing green waste materials derived from home and industrial applications. This book also examines the current state of material generations, future problems and their industrial constraints, and the synthesis of NMs for various applications such as medicinal, agriculture, environmental, food and beverage storage, and so on. The book includes the most recent practical and theoretical aspects of the use of waste materials released in the fabrication of various types of valuable nanomaterials, such as metal, metal oxide, polymeric, and graphene, among others. This is a relatively new concept in waste utilization, and green synthesis is a viable resource in making NPs. This book will also be valuable for waste management professionals who need proper disposal techniques for by-products.

This book focuses on holistic approaches of applying sustainable practices in all sectors of building, infrastructure, and energy to achieve a best-balanced global energy, building, infrastructure, transportation, and water technology (EBITW) regime.  It presents a series of solutions based on innovative research and applications for building a sustainable Earth for future generations. The goal of this book is to define the context of instigation for thinking through the scientific theories and practical  applications of sustainability mechanisms to confirm a global equilibrium  by the implementation of the following main practices: Sustainable Energy, Sustainable Architectural and Engineering Design Technology, Sustainable Environment and Society, and Sustainable Earth.   

This book presents select proceedings of the International Virtual Conference on Trends in Hydrological and Environmental Systems (ITHES 2021). Various topics covered in this book include urban hydrology, hydrological extremes, statistical analysis of hydro-meteorological data, impacts of climate change, hydrological modelling, groundwater studies, water resource management and applications of RS & GIS in hydrology. The book also discusses various topics on applications of CFD in water resources and environmental engineering, water and wastewater treatment, solid waste management and air quality. The book will be a valuable reference for beginners, researchers, and professionals interested in environmental civil engineering, especially hydrological and environmental systems.

A collection of essays on the historical geography of Kilvey Hill in Swansea (Cilfái in Welsh). The Hill is an important part of the industrial history of copper smelting in Swansea. For over two hundred years, the Hill was polluted by the copper smoke from Swansea's famous White Rock Copper Works. This book looks at the impacts of pollution and the environmental recovery of the Hill since the pioneering restoration in the 1970s.

Air Quality: Science, Impacts, and Management provides a thorough treatment of the fundamental science of air quality, its interactions, its impacts on health and the environment and management strategies for reducing air pollution in cities, regionally and globally. It begins with fundamentals of the atmosphere and its relevance for air quality before moving logically to sources and emissions, chemical transformation, dynamics, prediction, observations and analysis methods. The importance of regional air pollution and interactions with climate demonstrate the multiscale nature of air quality. The book concludes by examining the impacts on ecosystems and health, reviewing the strategies to manage air pollution and highlighting real-world challenges and possible solutions to improve air quality in global cities. The chapters, written by Ranjeet Sokhi with the collaboration of international experts in the field, are designed to be read sequentially or independently for focused learning in this complex and interdisciplinary field. Air Quality: Science, Impacts, and Management is an excellent resource for students, researchers and professionals in the field of Air Quality and related sciences.

This book gathers the latest advances, innovations and applications in the field of agricultural biotechnology, agro-food systems and forestry, as presented by leading international researchers and engineers at the 5th International Conference on Safety, Health and Welfare in Agriculture and Agro-food Systems (SHWA), held in Ragusa, Italy, on September 15-18, 2021. The papers cover a range of topics such as agricultural assistive technologies, machine milking, animal welfare, sustainable livestock farming, work organization and logistic in agro-food supply chain, agricultural instrumentation and equipment, safety and health in building, agriculture 4.0, automation, occupational health, precision farming, effect of landscapes on human health, environmental safety, rural health, agricultural machinery, ROPS, augmented reality and IoT, cyber security. The contributions included in the book were selected by means of a rigorous peer-review process, and offer an extensive and multidisciplinary overview of interesting solutions in the field of sustainable agriculture.

In der Entwicklung der Kultur stellt das Bekenntnis zur Menschenwürde einen großen Schritt zu einer umfassenden praktischen Ethik dar. Durch die einhergehende Ausweitung technisch-materieller Potenz ist unserer Spezies nichtsdestoweniger eine reale Gefahr erwachsen: Der Mensch könnte sich selbst vernichten. Wie immer er sich als Gemeinschaftswesen organisiert hat - es ist ihm nicht gelungen, eine Ordnung zu schaffen, die eine solche Entwicklung bedenkt und ihr entgegenwirkt.Eine neue Orientierung in einer erweiterten Ordnung, die dem dramatisch veränderten Sachstand Rechnung trägt, ist unabdingbar. Bisher ausgeblendet, müssen darin Kernfragen zur Gemeinschaft als Basis materieller Existenz des Menschen beantwortet werden. Darüber hinaus gilt es, einen Aspekt neu zu diskutieren, der im Zuge der Humanisierung geächtet wurde: notwendige Konsequenzen zu Abwendung von existenziellen Bedrohungen der Gesellschaft durch Elemente ihrer selbst.

Most imperative environmental concerns are Cultural eutrophication pertaining to industrialization and urbanization which lead to proliferation of weeds in aquatic environs disturbing these ecosystems. Alarming increase in CO2, CH4, CFC¿s, N2O and water vapour in the atmosphere cause enhanced greenhouse effect, among all these CO2 is accountable for 55-60 % of total enhanced effect. Phyto- and Nutrient sequestration via plants helps storage of atmospheric CO2 in the vegetation to get rid of contaminants. Carbon and nutrient sequestration can be braided together for sustainable development goals. The chapters adopt the hierarchy as follows: significance of quality environs, quantification and bio-monitoring of culprit contaminants, the issues relevant to global warming and accelerated eutrophication and their ecological impacts followed by various sequestration technologies.

Environmental Pollution and Public Health: Case Studies on Air, Water and Soil from an Interdisciplinary Perspective provides detailed case studies showing real-world applications of the latest technologies surrounding pollution in air, water and soil. Sections cover the environment and its nexus with public health, highlighting how the health of our environment can invariably influence our public health. Following this, atmospheric pollution is addressed, identifying various air pollutants, methods for identification, impacts on the environment and health, and mitigating technologies. Final sections are dedicated to liquid waste management, focusing on wastewater and treatment options including emerging technologies that are compared to existing options. The book finishes with case studies and information on regulatory frameworks for environmental pollution for those wanting to implement the remediation techniques covered. This is a necessary read for postgraduates, academics, professionals and researchers in environmental science, soil science, environmental health, and waste management who need the latest sustainable remediation practices and case studies and the efficacy of the associated techniques.

Aromatic Plant-based Phytoremediation: Socio-Economic and Agricultural Sustainability provides knowledge and insights into the phytoremediation capabilities of aromatic crops. This book aims to raise awareness of aromatic crop-based phytoremediation among ecologists, environmental scientists, practitioners, policymakers, and other interested parties. Furthermore, it brings together new and existing knowledge on various aspects of aromatic crop-based phytoremediation, presenting this information in a single source that provides a cutting-edge synthesis of scientific and practical knowledge on polluted site restoration and application that is useful to both practitioners and scientists. Aromatic crop-based phytoremediation provides a solid foundation on which scientific knowledge in the field of aromatic crop-based phytoremediation can grow and expand. This book is a good and instructive text with a format that is easy to grasp and read. It employs a dense literary composition that is rich in depth, clarity, and coverage

This second edition of Microplastic Contamination in Aquatic Environments: An Emerging Matter of Environmental Urgency presents 14 chapters, through which a team of global, expert contributors cover a full range of microplastic research. The first chapter describes the general patterns for sources, occurrence, and transport of microplastics to lead off the book. The next batch of chapters covers sampling analytical methods for quantifying microplastics in the environment, followed by chapters addressing the association of chemicals with microplastics. A large cluster of chapters focus on the fate and transport of microplastics in wastewater treatment plants, freshwater systems, marine environment, terrestrial settings, and riverine runoff that connects terrestrial and marine systems. The next few chapters examine biotransport and effects of microplastics in organisms. The last two chapters are dedicated to two emerging research areas: nanoplastics in the environment and management strategies for global plastic pollution. Outlooks for future research to better understand the situation and further improvements of microplastic research are also covered. In the 6 years since the previous edition published, this fast-moving area has evolved, and the contents of this revision reflect that. There are numerous brand-new chapters, chapters that have been revised, and chapters that have been completely refocused. This book provides an overview of microplastics research. It is a guide for researchers to better understand the occurrence of microplastics. Ideally, this book provides basic background knowledge of microplastics for oceanographers, ecologists, and climatologists.

This book presents a detailed analysis in relation to human health risk assessment of the main toxic chemical pollutants in urban stormwater generated from urban traffic and land use activities. The knowledge presented in this book was derived based on comprehensive experimental investigations including field sampling, laboratory testing, mathematical modelling, spatial analysis and multivariate and univariate statistical data analyses.The key highlights of the book include the quantitative assessment of the human health risk posed by key toxic chemical pollutants in urban stormwater and the development of linkages between risk and traffic and land use. Additionally, a suite of mathematical equations are presented to predict human health risk based on traffic and land use characteristics through mathematical modelling. These outcomes can significantly assist in effective stormwater risk management under changing traffic and land use in the urban environment. The knowledge presented is of particular interest to readers such as stormwater treatment design specialists, decision-makers and urban planners since these outcomes provide practical suggestions and recommendations for effective urban stormwater treatment design.