Flood Hazard Causes, Damages & Mitigation in District Dir Upper - Shakeel Mahmood - Bog

Natural disasters are increasing enormously over the earth surface in which river flooding is the serious one. In the year 2010 flood had disrupted people¿s life socially, economically and geographically in the entire country ¿Pakistan¿. This book provides information regarding the causes, damages and mitigation of flood in the mountainous area of Dir upper. Analysis revealed that in study area flood has generated by heavy monsoon downpour, and melting of snow and glacier while steep topography has accelerated the intensity of flood. Flood has resulted tremendous damage to life, property and infrastructure with total estimated cost of more than 1500 million PKR. Buildings and infrastructure are severely affected. Damage estimation cost revealed that in upper and lower zone flood was very severe while moderate in middle zone. The book also provides mitigation strategies for upper, middle and lower zone including shifting of vulnerable settlements to higher lands, forestation on slopes, land-use policies, construction of dams and flood hazard mapping to reduce the risk of flood and damage caused by flood in future.