Bøger af National Academy of Sciences

Because of the advances in the scientists' ability to analyze environmental information from geological data, the National Science Foundation and the US Geological Survey asked a National Research Council committee to assess the scientific opportunities and recommend how scientists can take advantage of these. This work presents these assessments.

Biographical Memoirs V.87

To assist in the development of a framework for future space flight capabilities, NASA asked the National Research Council to convene workshops on technology policy issues concerning the relationship of the various stakeholders in advancing human and robotic exploration and development of space. This report summarizes the second workshop.

Identifies a set of measures that could be used to gauge Georgia's progress in improving the quality of its cancer services and in reducing cancer-related morbidity and mortality.

Across the United States, municipalities, counties, and states grapple with issues of ensuring adequate amounts of water in times of high demand and low supply. This title reviews the instream flow programs that aim to balance ecosystem requirements and human uses of water, and try to determine how much water should be in rivers.

The US Department of Energy (DOE) manages sites across the nation that focus on research, design, and production of nuclear weapons and nuclear reactors for defense applications. This report addresses how DOE should incorporate risk into decisions about whether the nation should use alternatives to deep geologic disposal for some of these wastes.

The National Research Council's Disasters Roundtable and the Institute of Medicine's Roundtable on Environmental Health Sciences, Research, and Medicine were established as mechanisms for bringing various stakeholders together to discuss timely issues in a neutral setting. This title presents the summary of a workshop.

Community colleges play an important role in starting students on the road to engineering careers, but students often face obstacles in transferring to four-year educational institutions to continue their education. This book discusses ways to improve the transfer experience for students at community colleges.

The city of Pittsburgh and surrounding area of southwestern Pennsylvania face complex water quality problems. This report finds that a watershed-based approach is needed to effectively meet water quality standards throughout the region in a cost-effective manner. It outlines both technical and institutional alternatives for such an approach.

The Defense Science Board concluded that Sea Basing will be a critical future joint military capability. This report of the workshop includes an examination of Sea Basing operational concepts; ship and aircraft technology available to make Sea Basing work; and issues involved in creating the sea base as a joint system of systems.

Building on the innovative Institute of Medicine reports To Err Is Human and Crossing the Quality Chasm, this book offers a strategy to address the quality challenges in rural communities. It also provides a framework for core set of services and essential infrastructure to deliver various services to rural communities.

Examines interdisciplinary research efforts and recommends ways to stimulate and support such research. This report identifies steps that researchers, teachers, students, institutions, funding organizations, and disciplinary societies can take to effectively conduct, facilitate, and evaluate interdisciplinary research programs and projects.

Summarizes a conference organized to bring the lessons of the Academy's analysis of Government-Industry Partnerships to bear on the war on terror. This book contributes to an understanding of the potential of partnerships to bring security-enhancing technologies and equipment to the market.

The genomes of thousands of organisms have been sequenced or partially sequenced and deposited in databases accessible to scientists. Based in part on views from working biological scientists, this report concludes that policies that allow scientists and the public unrestricted access to genome data on microbial pathogens should not be changed.

Examines the senior S&T appointments to federal government positions and accompanies the list of the urgent S&T presidential appointments. This report covers not only presidential appointments to top S&T leadership positions but also the appointment of scientists, engineers, and health professionals to serve on federal advisory committees.

Explores whether there are core pedagogical and skill-based homeland security program needs. This report examines education programs focusing on various aspects of homeland security. It comments on the possible parallels between homeland security, area studies, international relations, and science policy, as developed or emerging academic thrusts.

In December 2002, a group of specialists on water resources from the United States and Iran met in Tunis, Tunisia, for an interacademy workshop on water resources management, conservation, and recycling. This report includes the agenda for the workshop, the papers that were presented, and the list of site visits.

Methane hydrate is a natural form of clathrate - a chemical substance in which one molecule forms a lattice around a 'guest' molecule with chemical bonding. This report reviews the Department of Energy's (DOE) Methane Hydrate Research and Development Program, the project selection process, and projects funded to date.

The glassy-winged sharpshooter is one of the invasive pests to afflict California agriculture. This report recommends strengthening the process and the priorities for research funded by state agencies and wine industry groups to address Pierce's disease and its vector.

In Africa many of the refugee flows in have had a strong ethnic dimension; interethnic conflict or conflict between politically powerful groups with minority populations. This report focuses on the experience of a single persecuted population whose sociopolitical history, with their underlying marital and fertility regimes, responses to conflict.

Assists policymakers in evaluating the scientific methods for detecting unintended changes in food and assessing the potential for adverse health effects from genetically modified products. This work feels that scrutiny should be given to foods containing new compounds or unusual amounts of substances and of the method used to create them.