International ret

This book offers a distinctive approach to the right not to be subjected to enforced disappearance. Over the last decade, the entry into force of the UN Convention for the Protection of All Persons from Enforced Disappearance has brought to the forefront of legal discussion the need to effectively address the practice of disappearance. Yet, there are still obstacles to combatting it, which are in part due to a limited understanding of the right¿s underlying concept, content and scope.This book examines the phenomenon and definition of enforced disappearance and sheds new light on the right against disappearance. Presenting a doctrinal appraisal of the norm¿s legal value, it suggests that the right against enforced disappearance holds a customary value, while also arguing that it has since attained a jus cogens status. Lastly, it examines in detail the rights to truth and reparation and how regional and national courts have interpreted these norms. It assesses the UN Convention¿s dynamics and considers whether the lack of a right against disappearance embedded in regional human rights systems affects individuals¿ protection.The book provides an overview of key jurisprudence on disappearances, making it of benefit to both practitioners and theorists of international law.

The Greek Code of Private Maritime Law, the first English-language translation of Greek Law 5020/2023, which radically overhauled the Greek Code of Private Maritime Law, was painstakingly translated and edited over the course of 2023.The purpose of this publication is to clarify the Greek legal system for international investors, entrepreneurs and legal practitioners in the shipping industry, providing them with a thoroughly research translation of the entire text of the law rather than piecemeal Articles or the gist and main points. The translation of the law is accompanied by Greek-to-English and English-to-Greek glossaries of the terms encountered in the Code.The book includes:An introduction by Dr Iliana Christodoulou-Varotsi, Senior Legal Consultant & Shipping Industry Trainer;An introduction by Dr Despina Kiltidou, DJur, LL.M., Maritime Training Instructor;An introduction by Nigel P. Ready, Scrivener Notary, and co-author of the translation of the old Code of Private Maritime Law (Law 3816/1958);A detailed foreword by the translators on their approach, methodology and the translational issues faced and resolved.A side-by-side translation of Law 5020/2023, including all amendments and updates until May 2023.Two useful glossaries of the key terminology used in the above texts (Greek-English and English-Greek).This volume is an indispensable bilingual aid for:Legal practitioners consulting clients involved in shipping in Greece;Legal departments of shipping companies already set up in Greece;Investors and entrepreneurs intending to incorporate a shipping company in Greece, so that they remain abreast of developments in the field of their legal obligations;Translators translating from and into Greek who require a high-quality reference when consulting either this specific Code or other laws citing it, as well as dependable glossaries;Law and translation students interested in seeing a real-life application of their studies and requiring a reference volume for purposes of terminology and English legal drafting.

This book argues that law has a vital role in shaping the electricity system to enable a more active role for consumers in liberalizsed electricity industries. To do that, this book offers a unique legal perspective of the Netherlands, New Zealand and Colombia to help understand some of the current legal approaches to prosumers and therefore the legal challenges and opportunities facing. Law and regulation have the role of creating a level playing field for emerging participants, such as prosumers, to participate and compete in the market together with traditional actors, bringing not only more competition but also representing a more sustainable, environmental and democratic way to supply energy. Furthermore, law and regulation have the role of responding to innovation and creating space for technological advances to procure the changes in the industry without delay.This book examines some of the legal barriers for the raise of energy prosumers. The traditional role of the distributor when responding to increasing distributed generation in the network; prosumers unable to decide to whom they can sell their electricity to; the price of the energy or even whether to participate more actively in demand response programs. A further issue is the lack of clarity about whether small prosumers are entitled to consumer protection rights and legal challenges regarding configuration, access to the network, access to markets and strict unbundling rules for community energy projects. This book provides a clear, analytical, and informed approach to understanding the regulatory framework around energy prosumers. It will appeal to policy makers, lawyers, individuals, business entrepreneurs or communities wanting to engage in energy projects, as well as academics, researchers and students

This volume of the Netherlands Yearbook of International Law (NYIL) addresses the question how the assumption that states have a common obligation to achieve a collective public good can be reconciled with the fact that the 195 states of today's world are highly diverse and increasingly unequal in terms of size, population, politics, economy, culture, climate and historical development.  The idea of common but differentiated responsibilities is on paper the perfect bridge between the factual inequality and formal equality of states. The acknowledgement that states can have common but still different - more or less onerous - obligations is predicated on the moral and legal concept of global solidarity.  This book encompasses general contributions on the function and the content of the related principles, chapters that describe and evaluate how the principles work in a specific area of international law and chapters that address their efficiency and broader ramifications, in terms of compliance, free-rider behaviour and shifting balances of power.  The originality of the book resides in the integration of conceptual, comparative and practical dimensions of the principles of global solidarity and common but differentiated responsibilities. The book is therefore highly recommended reading for both academics with a theoretical interest and those working within international organisations. The Netherlands Yearbook of International Law was first published in 1970. It offers a forum for the publication of scholarly articles in a varying thematic area of public international law.