Underholdningslovgivning og medielovgivning

This book presents the latest and most relevant studies, surveys, and succinct reviews in the field of financial crimes and cybercrime, conducted and gathered by a group of top professionals, scholars, and researchers from China, India, Spain, Italy, Poland, Germany, and Russia. Focusing on the threats posed by and corresponding approaches to controlling financial crime and cybercrime, the book informs readers about emerging trends in the evolution of international crime involving cyber-technologies and the latest financial tools, as well as future challenges that could feasibly be overcome with a more sound criminal legislation framework and adequate criminal management.In turn, the book highlights innovative methods for combating financial crime and cybercrime, e.g., establishing an effective supervision system over P2P; encouraging financial innovation and coordination with international anti-terrorism organizations and multiple countries; improving mechanisms for extraditing and punishing criminals who defect to another country; designing a protection system in accordance with internationally accepted standards; and reforming economic criminal offenses and other methods that will produce positive results in practice. Given its scope, the book will prove useful to legal professionals and researchers alike. It gathers selected proceedings of the 10th International Forum on Crime and Criminal Law in the Global Era (IFCCLGE), held on Nov 20-Dec 1, 2019, in Beijing, China.  

Anders als im traditionellen Sport stehen im E-Sport nicht die Verbände, sondern die Publisher im Mittelpunkt. An ihnen muss sich jeder Marktteilnehmer orientieren, um im E-Sport tätig werden zu können. Begründet wird diese Position damit, dass der Publisher über umfassende Nutzungsrechte an den Verwertungsrechten hinsichtlich der jeweiligen Computerspiele verfügt. Dieser Umstand hat in der Vergangenheit bereits mehrfach zu rechtlichen Problemen geführt. Der Autor befasst sich daher schwerpunktmäßig mit der Frage, inwieweit dieser Sonderstellung des Publishers urheber- und kartellrechtliche Grenzen gesetzt sind. Dabei wird zum einen der Frage nachgegangen, inwieweit den E-Sportlern Urheberrechte an ihrer eigenen Spielleistung zustehen. Zum anderen wird diskutiert, ob mit Hilfe der Essential-Facilities-Doktrin eine Zwangslizenzierung zugunsten eines Drittveranstalters argumentiert werden kann.

This book organizes the intent and purpose of the Japanese competition law (Antimonopoly Act) to address the digitalized socio-economy and provides a detailed explanation of its basic content as well as advanced issues. It includes an overview of Japanese law and its international position, a basic understanding of the big data and AI issues in today's competition law, and perspectives on high-tech regulation. In addition, it includes a variety of important topics, ranging from exploring principles to tackle digital regulatory realities, to understanding and analyzing the competitive realities of multisided markets. It also examines the relationship between information and competition law and that between consumer and competition law.Digitalization is a key concept in our economy and society today. Carbon neutrality initiatives, the need to improve productivity, globalization, and new ways of working are all seeking breakthroughs by way of digitalization. What¿s more, digitalizationrequires free and fair competition in order to encourage technological innovation. The search for transparent and clear competition laws is essential to promote efficient and effective research and development and to promote public awareness through competition.

The past two decades have seen a radical change in the online landscape with the emergence of GAFAM (Google, Amazon, Facebook, Apple and Microsoft). Facebook, specifically, has acquired a unique monopoly position among social media, and is part of the digital lives of billions of users. A mutual influence between Facebook and the legal framework has gradually emerged, as EU legislators and judges are on the one hand forced to accept the reality of new, widespread behaviors and practices and on the other have constructed a legal framework that imposes limits and rules on the use of the social network.This book offers a unique perspective on this relationship, exploring the various activities and services proposed by Facebook and discussing the attendant legal issues. Accordingly, questions concerning the GDPR, its principles, rights and obligations are in the center of the discussions. However, the book does not limit its scope to data protection: Facebook has also greatly contributed to a liberalization and democratization of speech. In accordance, the classic principles of media law must be revisited, adapted or suitably enforced on the platform. Intellectual property law governs what is owned and by whom, no matter whether raw data or informational goods are concerned. Frameworks on hate speech and fake news are the result of coregulation principles of governance, whereas defamation jurisprudence continues to evolve, considering the consequences of merely "e;liking"e; certain content. The economic model of advertising is also governed by strict rules. Above all, Facebook is currently caught in a dilemma of substantial interest for society as a whole: is it a neutral online intermediary, i.e., merely a passive player on the Internet, or is it transforming against its will into an editorial service? In conclusion, the book has a dual purpose. First, it proposes a global and practical approach to the EU legal framework on Facebook. Second, it explores the current limits and the ongoing transformation of EU Internet law as it steadily adapts to life in the new digital world.

This volume addresses contemporary challenges, enabled by modern technology, that concern upholding freedom of speech where it conflicts with social rights, such as respect for private and family life, and with economic rights, such as the freedom to conduct business or the right to free movement.In today's networked world, technological shifts happen faster than most people even realize. Some of these shifts have made us all potentially powerful: media powerful. We used to sit in silence in front of newspapers and TV screens, and the world was explained to us by just a few sources. Today, thanks to the Internet, social media, and Web 2.0, we can not only share our own thoughts with everyone in a more self-determined way, but we can also take part in public debate and even co-shape it ourselves. Of course, the Internet is not a counter-design to the communication (power) structures of the past. Gains in communicative self-determination are threatened due to algorithmisation, platformisation, and value extraction from self-created private markets.At the same time, the empowerment of the individual challenges the old "e;grand speakers"e; who are suddenly detecting "e;fake news"e;, echo chambers, and filter bubbles everywhere on the Internet. Internet-based communication allegedly hinders us from the "e;one truth"e;; as if newspaper hoaxes, propaganda, and narrow-mindedness were an invention of the Internet. The current heated debate over "e;fake news"e;, copyright, and "e;upload filters"e; shows that we are unsure of how to deal with the newer and more complex phenomena of Internet-based speech. This is due in no small part to the fact that an important benchmark - our constitutional compass - is still firmly rooted in the past. Constitutions change far more slowly than technologies. Societal changes can drive constitutional changes; but what about normative content control?Today, there are already demands for "e;old-school clarity"e;: truth filters on social media platforms, horrendous sums of liability for platforms that encourage (overly)thorough cleaning up. However, it is equally true that private individuals "e;regulate"e;: they decide what is found on the Internet and who may post on a given platform. Accounting for all interests at play and striking a "e;fair"e; balance that avoids both a public and private over- and under-regulation is a complex matter. The authors of this volume not only provide reflections in their highly topical contributions, but also share their understanding of what constitutes a fair balance within the larger frame of freedom of speech in a digital age.

This book offers a unique insight into the world of standard-setting organizations (SSOs)' IPR policies and the role they play in balancing the interests of innovators and implementers, vis-à-vis the development of standards. Since the beginning of the 21st century, there have been quite a few questions asked of the SSOs as to the legality of their IPR policies and the enforceability of disclosure and licensing obligations enshrined therein. That, coupled with disagreements over the appropriate royalty rate and royalty base, has resulted in extensive litigation between innovators and implementers, especially across the Atlantic. The Book, in keeping the USA and EU as the two primary jurisdictions, offers a comprehensive analysis of the disclosure and licensing obligations under SSO IPR policies, with strong theoretical foundations justifying their imposition. More specifically, it offers a bird's eye view of the various facets of disclosure and licensing, ranging from non-disclosure and transparency on one hand, to the determination of FRAND on the other. While much has been said about the benefits arising out of collaborative standard-setting, disputes involving SEP licensing have not been limited to the courts, and have attracted a significant amount of scrutiny by competition/antitrust agencies. The Book provides an elaborate account of the anti-competitive concerns surrounding standard-setting, and further documents the role of courts and competition agencies in ensuring good faith licensing negotiations between the SEP holders and implementers. Despite largely focusing on SEP licensing disputes in the USA and EU, the Book also offers a dedicated chapter on standard-setting in the Indian context. The readers are presented with an in-depth discussion on the contrasting approaches adopted by the courts and the Competition Commission of India (CCI), in addressing disputes involving SEPs. The said discussion is supplemented by a careful analysis of the SEP licensing guidelines to have emerged out of other implementer-oriented economies like China and Japan. By doing so, the Book offers readers the opportunity to study and compare the SEP licensing framework in developed, as well as developing economies. SSO IPR policies play an integral role in the development of standards, and with technologies such as the Internet of Things and 5G knocking on the doors, the Book makes for a valuable study on the nuances of standard-setting through the lens of SSOs, and will find takers among a wide reader base of students, researchers, academics, law practitioners, corporates, and policy makers.

This edited volume aims to bring together the historical and contemporary challenges for the press, the news media, and our mediatised world.

Artificial Intelligence (AI) can benefit our society and economy, but also brings with it new challenges and raises legal and ethical questions. According to the author of this comprehensive analysis, it is imperative to ensure that AI is developed and applied in an appropriate legal and regulatory framework that promotes innovation and investment and, at the same time, addresses the risks associated with certain uses of AI-related technologies.Essential to understanding the relationship between policy and law, this book traces the evolution of EU policy on artificial intelligence and robotics, focusing in particular on the EU¿s ethical framework for AI, which defines trust as a prerequisite for ensuring a human-centric approach.The main part of the book provides a thorough and systematic analysis of the Commission¿s 2021 proposed AI Act, which establishes harmonised rules for the development, placement on the market and use of AI systems in the EU. The author painstakingly compares the Commission¿s proposed AI Act with the numerous ¿compromise¿ proposals of the Council of the European Union, leading to the final version of the Council¿s AI Act (general approach) and its formal adoption on 6 December 2022. The author also examines with extraordinary detail the amendments proposed by the relevant committees and political groups of the European Parliament, revealing the position the Parliament is likely to adopt in the forthcoming negotiations with the Commission and the Council on the text of the AI Act.Numerous legislative and policy documents are presented in detail, while the analysis also considers the comments made by all interested parties (e.g. the European Commission, Council of the European Union, European Parliament, governmental organisations, national competent authorities, and stakeholders/actors with different/conflicting interests, such as corporations, business and consumer associations, civil society and other non-profit organisations). In the course of its in-depth analysis, this book will provide readers with crucial insight into the reasons behind the European Institutions¿ different approaches and the often contradictory interests of stakeholders. Because the policy arguments are carefully balanced and drafted with scrupulous care, this volume will establish itself as a reference resource to be consulted for years to come.

This book provides an in-depth overview of what is currently happening in the field of Law and Artificial Intelligence (AI). From deep fakes and disinformation to killer robots, surgical robots, and AI lawmaking, the many and varied contributors to this volume discuss how AI could and should be regulated in the areas of public law, including constitutional law, human rights law, criminal law, and tax law, as well as areas of private law, including liability law, competition law, and consumer law. Aimed at an audience without a background in technology, this book covers how AI changes these areas of law as well as legal practice itself. This scholarship should prove of value to academics in several disciplines (e.g., law, ethics, sociology, politics, and public administration) and those who may find themselves confronted with AI in the course of their work, particularly people working within the legal domain (e.g., lawyers, judges, law enforcement officers, public prosecutors, lawmakers, and policy advisors).Bart Custers is Professor of Law and Data Science at eLaw - Center for Law and Digital Technologies at Leiden University in the Netherlands.Eduard Fosch-Villaronga is Assistant Professor at eLaw - Center for Law and Digital Technologies at Leiden University in the Netherlands.

This book offers an in-depth legal analysis concerning the notion of restrictions of competition, be it by object restrictions according to Article 101 TFEU or prima facie abusive practices treated according to the form-based approach under Article 102 TFEU. Although extensive research has been conducted on the notion of object infringements of competition, there is no systematic review of this topic covering both competition provisions, namely Articles 101 and 102 TFEU. This book fills that gap by providing an extensive analysis of the relevant case law, while also covering new phenomena stemming from the digital revolution and its impact on the functioning of traditional markets.In this regard, particular attention is paid to the concept of prima facie infringements and the analysis necessary for their successful establishment. Object restrictions and object abuses are not infringements per se in the sense that they can be established in the abstract and without consideration of the actual legal and economic context (context analysis) within which a measure is implemented. Hence, the indispensable context analysis is informed by the potential economic effects of a given measure.Examining the changes regarding the economic reality and how markets work in the digital economy, this book makes a valuable contribution to the current debate about whether our competition law toolkit is fit and proper to deal with the challenges posed by digitalization. The author argues that while there is a coherent framework covering both Treaty competition provisions as regards object restrictions of competition, the increased use of an actual effect analysis and thus the concept of a restriction of competition by effect represents an underestimated (and underused) weapon for combating measures that are ambivalent from a competition law perspective as regards their (anticompetitive or non-detrimental) nature in a digital economy.

Blockchains and smart contracts are emerging technologies that pose unique challenges for legal systems. This book outlines the extent to which these new and innovative technologies could have potentially disruptive effects on contract law in Europe. It does so through a comparative, three-part analysis of the recognisability and effects of smart contracts in European legal systems. First of all, in light of the technologies¿ transboundary nature, the book employs a comparative approach, considering French law, German law, English law, and Dutch law to analyse the impact on the different systems of contract law. While doing so, it also addresses the formation, interpretation, and vitiation of contracts. Secondly, it analyses the impact of these technologies on European laws regarding unfair terms in consumer contracts and argues that the existing rules should be applied to smart legal agreements in business-to-consumer relations. Lastly, it analyses the current European rules of private international law on the basis of which jurisdiction and applicable law are developed. In this respect, the book concludes that the vast majority of these European rules are ¿smart contract-proof¿.

This book traces the academic footprint of Hanns Ullrich. Thirty contributions revolve around five central topics of his oeuvre: the European legal order, competition law, intellectual property, the regulation of new technologies, and the global market order. Acknowledging him as a trailblazer, the book aims to capture how deeply Hanns Ullrich has influenced contemporaries and subsequent generations of scholars. The contributors re-iterate the path-breaking patterns of his teachings, such as his contemplation of intellectual property as embedded in competition, the necessity of balancing private and public interests in intellectual property law, the policies of market integration, and the peculiar relationship of technological advancement and protectionism.

Despite the economic relevance of trade secrets, their legal protection is not based on a robust theoretical corpus, and a large uncertainty remains regarding how they should be legally apprehended. The present book investigates the foundations of their legal protection by assessing its justifications and aims to define how this legal apprehension should be organized.The book starts with a comparative analysis of the US and the EU legal frameworks. It demonstrates the parentship existing between the two systems of protection and highlights that the incremental structuring of trade secrets protection has led to legal systems lacking broad-based conceptual foundations. In both legal orders, trade secrets rely on blurred protection, formally anchored in unfair competition, the strength of which, however, comes closer to that offered by intellectual property law. In this convoluted architecture, the judiciary is required to play a decisive role,especially at the enforcement stage. However, the absence of clarity concerning the telos of trade secrets protection leads to legal uncertainty, potentially incoherent enforcement, and, all in all, to inefficient outcomes from a welfare perspective.The book then explores a theoretical framework based on a distinction between two legal objects: the undertakings¿ secret sphere and secret pieces of information. Securing the undertakings¿ secret sphere appears as a condition for the competition process to happen in an economy working under structural uncertainty. It requires objective regulations enforced by public authorities. On the other hand, the legal apprehension of secret pieces of information should be considered as falling within the realm of immaterial goods regulation aiming to solve the deficit of marketability of this type of good. This might call ¿ after conducting a careful policy trade-off ¿ for the establishment of relative (i.e. inter partes) subjective rights.

This book pursues the questions from a broad range of law and economics perspectives. Digital transformation leads to economic and social change, bringing with it both opportunities and risks. This raises questions of the extent to which existent legal frameworks are still sufficient and whether there is a need for new or additional regulation in the affected areas: new demands are made on the law and jurisprudence.

The Doodler Murders book focuses on 1970s in San Francisco, United States. This decade was known for everything from the political scandal of Richard Nixon and "Watergate," to the feminist movement with Gloria Steinem and the wave of a new style of music called "disco." But in addition to these controversies and movements, America was also becoming known for its significantly increasing crime in cities. The highest crime rate in the country was during the 1970s - the beginning of the decade saw an increase of 11% in 1970 alone. Along with crimes, corruption within law enforcement was exposed. Also, urban decay peaked when some of America's largest cities, including New York, Atlanta, Boston, and Chicago, lost more than 10% of their population.Random violence and crimes weren't the only things on the minds of the people who lived in the cities. There was something much more sinister. Crimes committed by a person who would plan them out to the last detail. Someone so skilled that they would get away with their crimes for sometimes even years. That someone had the attention of the media, police, and public. That someone was dubbed by law enforcement "the serial killer."

Both legal scholars and computer scientists will be curious to know how the gap between law and computing can be bridged.The law, and also jurisprudence, is based on language, and is mainly textual. Every syntactic system has its semantic range, and so does language, which in law achieves a high degree of professional precision. The use of visualisations is a syntactic supplement and opens up a new understanding of legal forms. This understanding was reinforced by the paradigm shift from textual law to legal informatics, in which visual formal notations are decisive. The authors have been dealing with visualisation approaches for a long time and summarise them here for discussion.In this book, a multiphase transformation from the legal domain to computer code is explored. The authors consider law enforcement by computer. The target view is that legal machines are legal actors that are capable of triggering institutional facts. In the visualisation of statutorylaw, an approach called Structural Legal Visualisation is presented. Specifically, the visualisation of legal meaning is linked with tertium comparationis, the third part of the comparison. In a legal documentation system, representing one legal source with multiple documents is viewed as a granularity problem. The authors propose to supplement legislative documents ex ante with explicit logic-oriented information in the form of a mini thesaurus. In contrast to so-called strong relations such as synonymy, antonymy and hypernymy/hyponymy, one should consider weak relations: (1) dialectical relations, a term of dialectical antithesis; (2) context relations; and (3) metaphorical relations, which means the use of metaphors for terms.The chapters trace topics such as the distinction between knowledge visualisation and knowledge representation, the visualisation of Hans Kelsen¿s Pure Theory of Law, the separation of law and legal science, legal subsumption, legal relations, legal machines, encapsulation, compliance, transparency, standard cases and hard cases.

The book deals with digital technology which is transforming the landscape of dispute resolution. It illustrates the application of AI in the legal field and shows the future prospect of robo-justice for an AAI society in the advanced artificial intelligence era. In other words, the present justice system and the influence of current AI upon courts and arbitration are investigated. The transforming role of AI on all legal fields is examined thoroughly by giving answers concerning AI legal personality and liability. The analysis shows that digital technology is generating an ever-growing number of disputes and at the same time is challenging the effectiveness and reach of traditional dispute resolution avenues. To that extent, the book presents in tandem the impact of AI upon courts and arbitration, and reveals the role of AAI in generating a new robo-justice system.Finally, the end of the perplexing relation of courts and arbitration is evidenced methodically and comprehensively.  

This book considers the intellectual property protection of clinical test data that has been submitted to governments, in particular through test data exclusivity rights. It focuses on how these intellectual property rights first emerged in the early 1980s, how they have globalised over the past four decades, and what impact they have had upon access to medicine. This book makes a number of significant and original contributions to the literature around the protection of submitted test data. First, the book draws upon the theory of regulatory globalisation to provide an explanation of how intellectual property rights in submitted pharmaceutical test data have become nearly ubiquitous in the legal systems of most major economies. Second, through a comprehensive analysis and synthesis of provisions on the protection of submitted test data in free trade agreements, as well as a comparison of a range of national approaches to the protection of submitted test data, it reveals the broader global regulatory pattern that has given rise to these intellectual property rights. Third, by analysing data on drug approvals in the US, it provides an empirical insight into the impact of test data exclusivity in national pharmaceutical markets. Fourth, the book covers a number of developments regarding test data exclusivity that have occurred as a result of responses to the COVID-19 pandemic, both at the national level as well as at the World Trade Organisation (WTO). This book will appeal to academics researching the intersection of intellectual property and the life sciences, civil society activists working to promote access to medicines, and students (particularly those at the post-graduate level) studying the relationship between intellectual property and medicine.

Welche Möglichkeiten gibt es, sich vor den Gefahren von Deepfakes ¿ also künstlich erstellten oder manipulierten Inhalten ¿ zu schützen? In diesem Buch werden Anwendungsbereiche von Deepfakes dargestellt und die technischen Grundlagen zur Erstellung und Aufdeckung von Deepfakes vorgestellt.Es wird eine Einordnung in die verschiedenen Bereiche des deutschen Rechts (allgemeines Zivilrecht, Urheberrecht und Strafrecht) vorgenommen. Hierbei liegt ein besonderes Augenmerk darauf, welche Rechtsschutzmöglichkeiten Betroffenen ¿ also Personen, die gegen ihren Willen abgebildet werden ¿ zustehen und welche Hindernisse bei der Durchsetzung dieser Ansprüche bestehen können. Anschließend wird der Entwurf für eine europäische Verordnung über Künstliche Intelligenz (AI Act) ¿ mit einem Fokus auf die für Deepfakes geltenden Offenlegungsvorschriften ¿ vorgestellt.

This book examines central aspects of the new technologies and the legal questions raised by them from both an international and an inter-disciplinary perspective. The technology revolution and the global networking of IT systems pose enormous challenges for the law. Current areas of discussion relate to autonomous systems, big data and issues surrounding legal tech. Ensuring data protection and IT security as well as the creation of a legal framework for the new technology as a whole can only be achieved through international and inter-disciplinary co-operation.The team of authors is made up of experienced, internationally renowned experts as well as young researchers and professionals who give valuable insights from numerous different jurisdictions. This book is written for jurists and those responsible for technology in public authorities and companies as well as practising lawyers and researchers.

Data Governance kann in den Dimensionen Technik, Ökonomie, Nachhaltigkeit und Recht als Steuerung der Nutzung, des Teilens und der Weiterverwendung von Daten definiert werden. Der sich entwickelnde Rechtsrahmen der Europäischen Union zum Datenrecht, insbesondere der Data Governance Act, der Data Act, der Digital Markets Act sowie bereits bestehende Gesetze wie die Datenschutzgrundverordnung schaffen einen Ordnungsrahmen für Dateninhaber, Datennutzer und Datensubjekte. Daneben erfordert die ESG-Gesetzgebung in den Bereichen Nachhaltigkeit und Umweltschutz die rechtskonforme Erfassung und Nutzung von Daten. Vor diesem Hintergrund wird der Binnenmarkt für Daten als Produkte oder Dienstleistungen dauerhaft nur wachsen, wenn technische Innovationen und Standards eine nachhaltige, rechtskonforme, aber auch wertschöpfende Datennutzung für die Marktteilnehmer ermöglichen. Dieses Werk löst die Frage, wie ein ökonomischer Mehrwert durch die Nutzung von Daten erzeugt werdenkann, der die aktuellen technischen Möglichkeiten, Ziele der Nachhaltigkeit und das rechtlich Zulässige verbindet.

This book reports on cutting-edge legal, ethical, social and economic issues relating to robotics and automation, human-machine interaction and artificial intelligence, in different application areas. It discusses important problems such as robotic taxation, social inequality, protection of neuro-human and children rights, among others. It describes current advances and challenges in robotic regulation and governance, as well as findings relating to sustainability of robotic industries, thus filling an important gap in the robotic and AI literature. Chapters consists of revised and extended contributions to the workshop session "e;Debate on legal, ethical & socio-economic aspects of interactive robotics"e; of INBOTS 2021, held virtually on May 18-20, 2021.

This book explores how constitutional courts have transformed communication and overcome their reluctance to engage in direct dialogue with citizens.How has the information revolution affected the relationship of constitutional courts with the public and the media? The book looks in detail at the communication strategies of the US Supreme Court, the Supreme Court of Canada, and in Europe the German Federal Constitutional Tribunal, the French Conseil Constitutionnel and the Italian Constitutional Court, arguing that when it comes to the relationship between courts and the media, different jurisdictions share many similarities. It focuses on the consequences of the communication revolution of courts both in terms of their relationship with public opinion and of the legitimacy of judicial review of legislation.Some constitutional courts have attracted criticism by engaging in proactive communication and, therefore, arguably yielding to the temptation of public support. The book argues that objections to the developing institutional communications employed by courts come from a preconceived notion of public opinion. It considers the burden the communication revolution has placed on constitutional courts to achieve a balance between transparency and seclusion, proximity and distance from public opinion. It puts forward important arguments for how this balance can be achieved.The book will interest scholars in constitutional law and public comparative law, sociologists, historians, political scientists, and scholars of media law and communication studies.

This book examines the timely issue of artificial intelligence (AI) and law. At this moment, AI is rapidly developing and being utilized in many different sectors. Meanwhile, the rise of AI raises complex questions and poses new challenges-new products and services involving AI will require new regulations and standards to minimize potential negative side-effects and maximize the benefits of this new technology, both within domestic law and international law. Thus, this book focuses on the impact of AI on international law and seeks ways to develop international law frameworks to adequately address the challenges of the AI era. In this context, new forms of inter-state conflicts and emergence of new subjects and objects of international law are discussed along with relevant up-to-date developments in major jurisdictions. Issues arising from the advent of AI relating to state sovereignty, state responsibility, dispute settlements, and north-south divide are also considered. 

Das Ubungs- und Lehrbuch zum Medienrecht prasentiert in der zweiten Auflage sechzehn aktuelle medienrechtliche Falle, die das Rechtsgebiet mit seinen klausurtypischen Besonderheiten und in seiner Systematik darstellen. Es eignet sich als Ubungsbuch und zum systematischen Wissenserwerb. Die Neuauflage bringt u.a. Falle zum Datenschutz (spickmich.de), zur Zulassigkeit von Online-Zeitungsarchiven und zur kommerziellen Nutzung von Personlichkeitsattributen Prominenter. Ausgewahlt wurden durchweg Falle der jungsten Vergangenheit, die zum einen die Fallprufung veranschaulichen, zum anderen die Dynamik des Rechtsgebiets reprasentieren.Samtliche Falle sind parallel aufgebaut. Sie beginnen mit einem Sachverhalt, der die Fahigkeit schult, komplexe Zusammenhange schnell in ihren medienrechtlichen Besonderheiten zu erfassen. Diese Besonderheiten sind vielfach die Basis fur die im Medienrecht typische Einzelabwagung von gegenlaufigen Interessen. Im zweiten Teil jeder Fallbesprechung werden die systematischen Grundlagen lehrbuchartig, aber kurz vermittelt. Hierdurch wird das fur die Losung erforderliche Wissen vermittelt, aber auch das regulative Umfeld des Falles erlautert. Im Schlussteil folgt jeweils eine ausformulierte Losungsskizze zur Lernkontrolle. Das Werk verbindet auf diese Weise die Vorzuge eines Kurzlehrbuchs mit denen einer Fallsammlung.Die vorliegende Sammlung von Fallen und Losungen wurde im Schwerpunktbereich Medienrecht und Kommunikationsrecht der Rechtswissenschaftlichen Fakultat der Universitat zu Koln entwickelt und erprobt.

Dieses Open-Access-Buch untersucht, inwieweit Anbieter im Online-Vertrieb das technische Erkenntnisverfahren Profiling zum Zwecke der Preispersonalisierung einsetzen und welche rechtlichen Rahmenbedingungen dabei gelten. Preispersonalisierung liegt vor, wenn der Preis für ein Gut oder eine Dienstleistung an die Zahlungsbereitschaft des einzelnen Kunden angepasst wird. Dafür ist u.a. die zielgerichtete Verarbeitung personenbezogener Daten notwendig. Preispersonalisierung unterscheidet sich damit von dynamischen Preissetzungsmethoden, die bloßer Ausdruck von Angebot und Nachfrage sind. Entgegen weitverbreiteter Einschätzung kommen personalisierte Preise (noch) äußerst selten vor: Technische und wettbewerbliche Hindernisse schränken den Handlungsspielraum der Anbieter ein. Hinzu kommt, dass die individuelle Zahlungsbereitschaft situationsabhängig und oftmals irrational ist. Auch der Betroffene kann sie nicht immer konkret beziffern.Der Schwerpunkt dieser wirtschaftsrechtlichen Untersuchung liegt auf dem Datenschutz- und dem Antidiskriminierungsrecht. Sie berücksichtigt zugleich wettbewerbs- und verbraucherschutzrechtliche Aspekte. Zudem entwickelt sie ein 3-stufiges Modell, welches einen eigenständigen methodischen Ansatz darstellt. Dies macht es möglich, Lebenssachverhalte im Kontext von Profiling und automatisierten Entscheidungen zu strukturieren und so einer rechtlichen Bewertung zugänglich zu machen. Die Untersuchung greift umfassend auf andere Disziplinen zurück, indem sie u.a. ökonomische, technische, empirische und psychologische Erkenntnisse berücksichtigt.Das Buch untersucht, wie datenbasiertes Profiling und automatisierte Entscheidungen funktionieren, funktional miteinander zusammenhängen und reguliert sind. Im Anschluss analysiert es, wie Profiling genutzt werden kann, um im Online-Handel Preise zu personalisieren. Schließlich behandelt es die Frage, ob das geltende materielle Recht ausreichende Schutzmechanismen gegen Diskriminierung bereithält, die aus der Zugehörigkeit zu geschützten Gruppen resultiert und in einer systematischen preislichen Schlechterstellung zum Ausdruck kommt.

This third volume of the Balkan Yearbook of European and International Law (BYEIL) is devoted in particular to the specific legal challenges faced by Southeast European countries in the area of intellectual property law. The authors discuss a range of topics in Serbian and Bosnian and Herzegovinian copyright law, trademark and patent law, the relevance of which extends beyond their national borders. The papers included in the permanent sections on European law and international law explore contemporary challenges in public and private law. These challenges concern various legal fields, including consumer law, commercial law, corporate and criminal law, and the corresponding papers tackle a number of fundamental theoretical issues, while also highlighting the latest developments in legal practice.

Im Mittelpunkt dieses Buches stehen rechtliche Herausforderungen, die sich beim Einsatz und der Herstellung von autonomen Systemen stellen können. Denn mit fortschreitender Technologie und Leistungsfähigkeit im Feld der künstlichen Intelligenz sinkt die Rolle der menschlichen Beteiligung und stellt das Zurechnungskonzept des deutschen Haftungsrechts in Frage. Die Autorin untersucht anschaulich und unter ausführlicher Darstellung der technischen Grundlagen, inwiefern der derzeit geltende Rechtsrahmen für die Beurteilung der außervertraglichen Verantwortlichkeit ausreicht. Hierbei setzt sie sich unter anderem mit zahlreichen vorgeschlagenen Neuerungen wie neuen Haftungstatbeständen und Analogien auseinander und wägt letztendlich ab, ob tatsächlich Haftungslücken vorliegen und wie diese geschlossen werden sollten.