Medicinsk mikrobiologi og virologi

Virus har sat dagsordenen i Jens Lundgrens arbejdsliv, lige siden han som helt ung læge stod ved sygesengen hos dødsmærkede aidspatienter og forskede i at finde en effektiv medicinsk mehandling til dem. Resultatet kan alverdens hiv-patienter takke ham for i dag.Siden coronapandemiens start har han knoklet for at hjælpe livstruede patienter og udvikle nye behandlinger med videnskabeligt dokumenteret effekt. Han har rådgivet de danske sundhedsmyndigheder og regeringen, og han har arbejdet tæt sammen med toppen af det amerikanske sundhedsvæsen under pandemigeneralen Anthony Fauci.I Vild virus giver han et unikt indblik i, hvad der sker bag kulisserne, når en virus truer os på livet og vender op og ned på vores hverdag. Bogen giver den første samlede beretning om de to vilde pandemiår: forskernes kapløb med tiden og en virus, der er en mester i at mutere, håndteringen af alle de udfordringer, virus pludselig kastede os ud i – og hvad vi har lært, så vi kan være bedre forberedte, når den næste virus udfordrer vores eksistens. For det vil ske: Pandemiernes tid er langtfra forbi.Bogen er blevet til i tæt samarbejde med Lars Igum Rasmussen, der som sundhedsredaktør på Politiken har dækket coronapandemien med mere end 200 nyhedsartikler, interviews, reportager og analyser.

Hvordan forårsager mikroorganismer sygdomme som fødevareforgiftning, ebola, borreliose og rævebændelorm? Og hvordan udnyttes andre mikroorganismer som Saccharomyces, E. coli og probiotiske bakterier i madlavning, i produktion af øl og i kroppens tarmsystem?Mikrobiologi giver en god forståelse af de forskellige mikroorganismer, deres vækst, deres funktioner samt deres rolle i fødevareproduktion. Bogens første del indeholder en grundig gennemgang af den moderne systema- tiske bakteriologi, og derudover beskrives virus, svampe, protozoer og parasitter. Anden del af bogen giver en grundig indføring i fødevarernes produktion, mikro- biologiske risici samt konserveringsmetoder, og hvordan man kan arbejde med fødevaresikkerhed, så mikroorganismerne ikke udgør en sundhedsrisiko.Bogens målgrupper er studerende ved korte og mellemlange videregående uddannelser på det sundhedsfaglige, fødevareteknologiske, laboratorietekniske og procesteknologiske område samt mindre produktioner/virksomheder, der arbejder med mikrobiologi. Bogen kan også anvendes til temaundervisning i fx biologi eller bioteknologi i gymnasiet. Desuden kan den benyttes som opslagsværk for særligt mikrobiologiinteresserede. Endelig kan mindre fødevarevirksomheder have gavn af kapitlerne om hygiejne, egenkontrol og fødevaresikkerhed.Denne 5. udgave er ajourført og grundigt revideret. Der er blandt andet tilføjet afsnit om biofilm og tarmbakterier. Desuden er kapitlerne om fødevaresikkerhed blevet udvidet, således at de kan bruges som opslagsværk af fødevarevirksom- heder. Endelig er bogen blevet opdateret med et helt nyt layout.

Mikrobiologikortene hjælper dig med at huske information om de forskellige pensumrelevante humanpatogene mikroorganismer, når du skal læse til eksamen i mikrobiologi på medicinstudiet. Der er 163 kort, som du kan repetere alene eller med en læsemakker. Hver mikroorganisme er repræsenteret ved et kort, som i kondenseret form oplyser om karakteristika, infektioner, forekomst, smitteveje, diagnostik og forslag til behandling. Der medfølger desuden grendiagram-oversigter over de forskellige bakterier, virus, svampe og parasitter.

A BBC RADIO 4 BOOK OF THE WEEKA TIMES SCIENCE BOOK OF THE YEARA SUNDAY TIMES SCIENCE BOOK OF THE YEAR'Powerfully argued... Fascinating and pacy' Sunday Times, Book of the Week'Superbly written... sure to please readers of Yuval Noah Harari or Rutger Bregman' The Times'Full of amazing facts' Observer'The book shines when it brings cutting-edge science to bear' Financial Times'A dizzying range of material' The Economist'A humbling story for humankind' SpectatorChallenges some of the greatest cliches about colonialism... A revelation' SATHNAM SANGHERA'Thrilling and eye-opening' LEWIS DARTNELL'Science and history at its best' MARK HONIGSBAUM'Unpicks everything we thought we knew... Mind blowing' CAL FLYNIn this revelatory book, Dr Jonathan Kennedy argues that germs have shaped humanity at every stage, from the first success of Homo sapiens over the equally intelligent Neanderthals to the fall of Rome and the rise of Islam.How did an Indonesian volcano help cause the Black Death, setting Europe on the road to capitalism? How could 168 men extract the largest ransom in history from an opposing army of eighty thousand? And why did the Industrial Revolution lead to the birth of the modern welfare state?The latest science reveals that infectious diseases are not just something that happens to us, but a fundamental part of who we are. Indeed, the only reason humans don't lay eggs is that a virus long ago inserted itself into our DNA, and there are as many bacteria in your body as there are human cells. We have been thinking about the survival of the fittest all wrong: evolution is not simply about human strength and intelligence, but about how we live and thrive in a world dominated by microbes.By exploring the startling intimacy of our relationship with infectious diseases, Kennedy shows how they have been responsible for some of the seismic revolutions of the past 50,000 years. Provocative and brimming with insight, Pathogenesis transforms our understanding of the human story, revealing how the crisis of a pandemic can offer vital opportunities for change.

Kompendium i Mikrobiologi & Infektionsmedicin illustrerer og forklarer de fundamentale koncepter og begreber indenfor mikrobiologi og infektionsmedicin, herunder de vigtigste mikroorganismer og deres respektive sygdomme. Kompendiet er målrettet studerende på de sundhedsfaglige uddannelser, herunder medicin og odontologi. Kompendiet er et godt alternativ til de tunge lærebøger, da pensum præsenteres på en kort og overskuelig måde, samtidig med at detaljegraden, der forventes til eksamen, er bibeholdt. Herudover dækker kompendiet den eksamensrelevante teori og de laboratoriemetoder, som gennemgås i det mikrobiologiske øvelseskursus.

Resistente bakterier er blevet en større trussel langt hurtigere, end eksperterne hidtil har forudset det. Studier peger på, at resistente bakterier i 2050 vil tage livet af lige så mange mennesker som for eksempel kræftsygdomme.Da Alexander Fleming i 1928 opdagede antibiotika, revolutionerede det lægevidenskaben. Her små hundrede år efter er vi ved at sætte hele fremskridtet over styr. Ifølge professor i mikrobiologi Hans Jørn Kolmos er det nødvendigt med en anden tilgang til udviklingen og ikke mindst brugen af antibiotika i sundhedsvæsenet og landbruget, hvis vi i fremtiden vil undgå, at helt almindelige infektioner kan blive livstruende.Hans Jørn Kolmos (f. 1948) er professor på Syddansk Universitet og tidligere overlæge på Klinisk Mikrobiologisk Afdeling på Odense Universitetshospital, hvor han blandt andet har ledet forskningen i MRSA. Kolmos er vokset op på en stor gård ved Toftlund i Sønderjylland, og slægten har drevet landbrug i flere hundrede år.Moderne Ideer er støttet af Lundbeckfonden, Augustinus Fonden og Statens Kunstfond. I bøgerne gør førerende forskere deres viden tilgængelig og leverer deres bud på, hvordan vi løser tidens største udfordringer.

VACCINER ER VORES VENTakket være vacciner frygter vi i dag ikke sygdomme som kopper, mæslinger, stivkrampe eller børnelammelser. Det er en sundhedsrevolution.I denne bog følger vi de to erfarne overlæger og virologer Anders Lars Peter i en rejsevaccinationsklinik, og det går ikke stikke for sig. Du kommer sprøjtende igennem vaccineimmunitet og alle vaccinerne – fra de dræbte og de levende til de nye genetiske og alt derimellem – deres særlige historier, anvendelse (for og imod) samtid fortid og fremtid.Bogen er en hyldest til de videnskabelige triumfer der har formet vores sundhed gennem årtier. Et lille stik, det er ikke noget at være bange for.

This comprehensive volume covers all aspects from the historical discovery of the filarial parasite Loa loa to the latest diagnostics and therapies for all forms of pathology used at the point of care. Current developments in these areas are also highlighted. Expert authors present the epidemiological impact of loiasis and the basic mechanisms underlying the disease in native populations and nonresidents of endemic areas. In addition to particulars on the immunology of the parasite, its general and molecular biology, the clinical manifestation is also described in detail. Both common and atypical clinical manifestations are considered. This book concludes with an outlook on further research and targeted eradication of the disease.Loa loa, known as the "eye worm", is endemic in the rural populations of several African countries and is transmitted by rainforest deerflies. It displays impressive immune adaptation with a wide range of clinical symptoms that remain largely unexplored. The characteristics of this nematode make it of great interest to physicians and researchers specializing in infectious diseases, epidemiology, and immunology. In addition, students and family physicians working with African immigrants and travelers should know about this parasite.Loiasis is a prime example of a neglected disease under the conditions of international health efforts in our globalized world. The present work is intended to promote progress in this field, making it a valuable read within the scope of the UN Sustainable Development Goal 3 (Good Health and Well-Being).

Carbohydrate Nutrition covers the nutritional functionality of foods needed to address the metabolic disease epidemic. The source and structure of carbohydrates, including starch, human milk oligosaccharides, polyols, arabinoxylan, beta-glucan, and cellulose are introduced, as is their function in the small intestine and colon. Nutrition researchers, food scientists, food chemists, and those studying and researching related topics will benefit from this book and can apply their learnings to the design of foods with better carbohydrate nutrition.

Salmonella is a Gram-negative bacterium and a member of the Enterobacteriaceae family that causes infections in humans and animals, making it one of the most common causes of bacterial gastroenteritis worldwide. Since its discovery in the late 1800s, significant progress has been made in the understanding of its genetics, classification, pathogenesis, detection, prevention, control, and treatment. Numerous reviews and chapters on Salmonella have been published, but some gaps remain to be addressed. This book includes seven chapters that focus on the low-cost prevention, control, and treatment of salmonellosis in developing countries. It begins with a brief review of Salmonella, followed by chapters on the transmission of the organism in food and companion animals relevant to the One Health approach, CRISPR-Cas systems in Salmonella for pathogen typing in diagnosis and surveillance, the low-cost control of Salmonella using solar disinfection of water in resource-limiting communities, and transmission and antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in Salmonella across the One Health sector. This book also introduces a new concept of AMR reversal using traditional Chinese medicine. The information provided in this book will encourage Salmonella researchers, medical professionals, and students to further enhance their own research and education as well as encourage new researchers to include Salmonella in their future research initiatives.

A pacy, real-life page-turner by Reuters journalist on the global 100-days mission to identify and catch the next virus outbreak, codenamed DISEASE X, before it spreads worldwide.

This volume explores in detail the molecular biology, genetics and immunology of the bacterium Helicobacter pylori that causes serious gastric diseases such as gastric cancer. The book provides in-depth insights into the mechanisms of H. pylori-induced pathogenicity, gives an overview of how the bacterium colonizes the human gut, how it manages to persist in the body and which factors play a role in the development of H. pylori-induced gastric cancer. Furthermore, the interaction between the Gram-negative bacterium and the human gut microbiome is explored, and clinical management and treatment strategies to combat gastric cancer are discussed.Helicobacter pylori is an extremely successful pathogen that persistently colonizes the gut of about 50% of the world¿s population. H. pylori and its human host share a long co-evolutionary relationship that dates back for at least last 100,000 years and possibly longer. Infection by thisbacterium is a high-risk factor for the development of gastric diseases, including gastric cancer. Gastric cancer is associated with high morbidity and mortality and represents the 5th most common malignant tumour and the 4th leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide. H. pylori is the first bacterium that has been classified as a type-I carcinogen by the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC). Recent research progress identified crucial bacterial, host and environmental factors which control H. pylori-induced gastric malignancy. New studies also suggest that specific human germline mutations and other genetic aberrations have an important impact on H. pylori-induced pathology. In this volume, all these recently discovered mechanisms are reviewed in the light of gastric cancer development, and H. pylori epidemiology, virulence factors, immune evasion, pathophysiology, cancer signalling and novel therapeutic protocols are presented. This volume is aimed at researchers in the fields of immunology, genetics, microbiology and medicine who are interested in the detailed mechanisms of the pathogenicity of this carcinogenic stomach bacterium.

Neglected Zoonoses and Antimicrobial Resistance: Impact on One Health and Sustainable Development Goals provides a thorough examination of how neglected zoonoses and antimicrobial resistance together hinder the achievement of sustainable development goals declared by the United Nations in the pursuit of a disease-free world. Neglected zoonotic diseases, as defined by the World Health Organization, are diseases likely to impact the livelihoods of livestock keepers and those living in periurban communities in developing countries. This book examines how such zoonoses affect the health of vulnerable farming populations and reduce the production capacity of their livestock. Written by internationally recognized experts in the field of livestock and poultry zoonoses, this book provides the reader with a comprehensive description of modern sustainable development goals and defines neglected zoonotic diseases and their impacts on human physical, mental, social, and economic health. Subsequent chapters systematically describe the epidemiology, hosts and transmission, disease process, economic significance, and prevention and treatment protocols of key neglected zoonotic diseases, including echinococcosis, leishmaniasis, zoonotic tuberculosis, anthrax, brucellosis, leptospirosis, borreliosis, rickettsioses, and rabies. The book concludes with an assessment of the obstacles to achieving Sustainable Development Goals and possible mitigation strategies for veterinary researchers and policymakers alike.

Diagnosis and Management of Poultry Coccidiosis provides a comprehensive overview of current trends in the control of Eimeria and coccidiosis. Chicken coccidiosis cost the global economy $12.58 billion in 2016, including lost productivity and expenditures associated with prevention and treatment. As a result, chicken producers have developed several management approaches to combat coccidiosis. With consumer and regulatory pressure, nutritional interventions, and the need to identify anticoccidial alternatives that do not impair growth performance, this book contemplates the antibiotic-free future of the chicken industry. Initial chapters in this book introduce readers to chicken coccidiosis and the identification and diagnosis of the Eimeria parasite. Subsequent chapters describe innate and adaptive immune responses of poultry to Eimeria and delve into the purification of Eimeria lifecycle stages and in vitro culture systems for the study of Eimeria. The latter half of the book examines a variety of modern immunization measures, dietary interventions, and anticoccidial medications designed to combat coccidiosis.

This second edition provides state-of-the-art and novel methods on antibiotic isolation and purification, identification of antimicrobial killing mechanisms, as well as methods for the analysis and detection of microbial responses and adaptation strategies. Antibiotics: Methods and Protocols,  Second Edition, guides readers through updated and entirely new chapters on production and design, mode of action, and response and resistance. Written in the highly successful Methods in Molecular Biology series format, chapters include introductions to their respective topics, lists of the necessary materials and reagents, step-by-step, readily reproducible laboratory protocols, and tips on troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls. Authoritative and cutting-edge, Antibiotics: Methods and Protocols, Second Edition aims to inspire scientific work in the exciting field of antibiotic research.

This book, Gut microbiome and Brain Ageing, deals with the mechanisms and phenomenon that relates gut microbiome and aging of the brain. This book will bring forth the connection between good gut and brain aging and includes some cutting edge research topics dealing with gut physiology and its importance as future therapeutic option in neurological disorders. The gut microbiome's impact on neuronal function, mediated by neurotransmitters, vitamins, and neuroactive microbial metabolites, is an exciting area of investigation that this book thoroughly explores. It also covers the pivotal role of the gut microbiome in the etiology of various neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer¿s disease (AD), Parkinson¿s disease (PD), depression, or multiple sclerosis (MS). It also explores the expanding understanding of the importance of the early-life gut microbiota and its implications for long-term health consequences. This book primarily addresses researchers, clinicians, and doctoral andgraduate students working in biomedicine, neurobiology, nutrition, microbiology, and translational medicine streams.

This textbook provides an up-to-date overview of the most important parasites in humans and their potential vectors. For each parasite, the book offers a concise summary including its distribution, epidemiology, life cycle, morphology, clinical manifestations, diagnosis, prophylaxis and therapeutic measures. Numerous tables, diagrams and over 200 colorful illustrations highlight the main aspects of parasitic infestations and present suitable control measures. 60 questions help to test readers' theoretical knowledge of the field. In short, the book is highly recommended for anyone looking to delve into the field of human parasitology. It is intended for students of biology and human medicine, medical doctors, pharmacists and laboratory staff alike. Furthermore, persons who plan to visit or live longer in endemic regions will find essential information on necessary preventive and control measurements.

Mikrobiom: Forschungsstand und Praxistransfer  Das Buch führt den aktuellen Forschungsstand des gastrointestinalen Mikrobioms und seinen Einfluss auf eine Vielzahl an Erkrankungen zusammen und benennt neue therapeutische Möglichkeiten.Internisten und Fachärzte anderer Disziplinen erhalten einen Überblick neuer wissenschaftlicher Konzepte. Namhafte Experten aus der Mikrobiom-Forschung erläutern diagnostische und therapeutische Ansätze, u.a. für gastrointestinale Krankheitsbilder, onkologische Erkrankungen, Adipositas und Infektionen.Aus dem Inhalt                                  Helicobacter pylori und das Mikrobiom des Magens   Einflussfaktoren auf das Gastrointestinale Mikrobiom                    Mikrobiom und Herz-Kreislauferkrankungen  Mikrobiom und MAFLD, Leberzirrhose und Leberkarzinom Atopische Diathese, Allergien, Hautmikrobiom  Mikrobiom und neuropsychiatrische Erkrankungen  Mikrobiom und der Einfluss auf das Immunsystem    Mikrobiota und Prä-, Pro- und Post-Biotika          Mikrobiom-Stuhl-Transplantation (FMT)                                                                                                                                                                               Eine gute Orientierung bietet das Buch bei der Einordnung von Studien - unter funktionellen Gesichtspunkten und hinsichtlich von Einsatzmöglichkeiten der Erkenntnisse für die Diagnostik, Prophylaxe und Therapie von Erkrankungen. Auch die Einflüsse des Mikrobioms auf die Wirksamkeit pharmakologischer Interventionen (z.B. Checkpointinhibitoren) werden besprochen. Die HerausgeberPD Dr. med. Christian Schulz ist Facharzt für Innere Medizin sowie Facharzt für Gastroenterologie, Hepatologie und Infektiologie an der Klinik und Poliklinik II des Klinikums der LMU München. Sein Forschungsgebiet umfasst das Mikrobiom des oberen Gastrointestinalstrakts sowie das Bakterium Helicobacter pylori. ¿Em. Professor Dr. Peter Malfertheiner, langjähriger Klinikdirektor der Medizinischen Klinik für Gastroenterologie, Hepatologie und Infektiologie an der Universitätsmedizin Magdeburg; Senior Consultant am LMU München.

"Comprehensive up-to-date guide to clinical and diagnostic virology. Individual chapters cover viruses from A-Z, which are then grouped under syndromes. Liberal use of tables and algorithms enable quick access to key information. An ideal introduction for interested trainees and a practical reference for more experienced hospital clinicians and GPs"--

This book covers the wide set of well-regulated virulence factors and defense mechanisms of Pseudomonas aeruginosa focusing on stress responses and the evolution of this opportunistic human pathogen.Pseudomonas aeruginosa is responsible for one out of ten hospital infections.  Additionally, this Gram-negative bacterium is accountable for persistent infections in immunocompromised individuals and the leading cause of chronic lung infections in cystic fibrosis patients. This book provides insight on the metabolic versatility of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and its mechanisms for biofilm formation that make this organism highly efficient  in causing infections.  The book invites the readers to learn more about the intrinsic ability of Pseudomonas aeruginosa to resist a wide variety of antimicrobial agents due to the concerted action of multidrug efflux pumps, antibiotic-degrading enzymes, and the low permeability of bacterial cellular envelopes. Particular focus is put on the evolutionary role of different types of protein-secretion systems in pathogenesis, flagella and their role in chemotaxis and surface sensing, and host-pathogen interactions.This book is a useful introduction to the field for junior scientists interested in the biology and pathogenesis of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. It is also an interesting read for advanced scientists and medical specialists working within this field, providing a broader view of the topic beyond their specific area of specialization.

'Will change your life' Chris Evans'Completely fascinating' Heston Blumenthal'Important and devastating' The TimesFrom a world-leading microbiome scientist and surgeon comes Dark Matter, a pioneering guide to hacking your microbiome for a healthier life.Our microbiome - the complex ecosystem of bacteria, viruses and other microbes inside us - is vital for our health and wellbeing. An invisible powerhouse whose potential we're only just beginning to understand, it influences our mood and appetite, determines how fast we run and even who we choose as a partner.In this ground-breaking book, microbiome expert Dr James Kinross takes us on a guided tour of our extraordinary inner universe and highlights the damage we inflict when we don't protect it. Showing through cutting-edge research and years of clinical experience, the practical steps we can all take to optimise the microbiome to live better, healthier lives.Now with a new, eye-opening afterword on the rise of home microbiome tests, IBS and FMTs. 'Addictive and illuminating' Dr Saliha Mahmood Ahmed, bestselling author of The Kitchen Prescription

Bacteria and fungi are able to aggregate together or on surfaces in densely packed microcolonies, facilitated by extracellular polymeric substances for cell protection and stability. These biofilms have proven to be extremely hard to eradicate and remove once established. In chronic infections, this condition can result in a high degree of morbidity and mortality as regular antibiotic treatments are ineffective against biofilms. In industrial facilities, the formation of biofilms can ruin production and result in enormous financial losses.In this book, the current state of antibiofilm research is presented by experts from around the world. Novel, cutting-edge techniques and new optimized strategies based on established methods are discussed in chapters focused on biofilm prevention, treatment and control for the application in clinical, industrial and veterinary settings.Antibiofilm strategies, such as chemical and enzymatic treatments, surface modification and coatings, quorum sensing inhibition and dispersal induction, phage therapy, cold plasma treatment, hyperbaric oxygen treatment, and metal-based nanomedicine are covered, among many others.This book contributes to the UN's Sustainable Development Goal 3: Good Health and Well-Being and is a valuable resource for healthcare professionals, microbiologists, academics and for educators to inform curricula of universities and colleges.