Medicinsk toksikologi

A leading voice in public health policy and top environmental medicine scientist reveals the alarming truth about how hormone-disrupting chemicals are affecting our daily livesand what we can do to protect ourselves and fight back.

In an era defined by burgeoning human populations, rampant industrialization, cutting-edge technological progress, and expanding urban landscapes, the integrity of our natural environment faces unprecedented challenges. The relentless march of progress has ushered in a flood of chemicals, seeping into the very fabric of our ecosystems and posing insidious threats to biological systems. "Toxicology" delves into the heart of these challenges, offering a comprehensive exploration of the adverse impacts wrought by toxicants-agents capable of hindering physiological and biochemical functions, and ultimately, ushering in death.This pivotal book unfolds the intricate dance of toxicants as they navigate through the biosphere, detailing their entry, absorption, distribution, and eventual elimination. It unravels the complexities of their metabolic transformations, modes of action, persistence, and the nuanced interactions at their target sites. Beyond mere theory, "Toxicology" ventures into the pragmatic realms of impact assessments and the dynamics of toxic substances within organisms and their environments. At its core, this text is a beacon of understanding, aiming to arm its readers with the knowledge necessary to mitigate the pernicious effects of xenobiotics-the foreign chemicals that encroach upon our lives.Crafted with clarity and precision, "Toxicology" is designed not only for those embarking on a journey into the realm of toxic substances but also for seasoned scholars seeking to deepen their understanding. By emphasizing the foundational principles of toxicology and introducing key toxicological methods, this book serves as a vital resource for navigating the toxic challenges of the modern world. Its ultimate mission is to safeguard life-particularly human life-against the encroaching tide of toxic threats, ensuring a healthier, more resilient future for all.

Exposure of patients to a high oxygen environment is a standard treatment in a select group of patients. The development of oxygen toxicity must be avoided in those patients. This book describes the effects of normobaric and hyperbaric oxygen treatment of animal models on brain biochemical and physiological responses. This book provides a summary of our knowledge on the effects of hyperbaric oxygenation on mitochondrial activity in vivo, and other functions of the brain. A chapter covering the use of hyperbaric hyperoxia in patients¿ brain pathology and care is also included. This is an ideal book for students, research groups, and clinicians studying hyperbaric oxygen and its connection to mitochondrial activity and brain physiological functions.

Our world, vibrant and teeming with life, faces a silent threat: pollution. From the belching smokestacks of industry to the invisible fumes of exhaust pipes, toxins infiltrate our air, water, and soil, weaving a web of harm through the very fabric of our environment. "The Impact of Pollution: Understanding Environmental Toxicology" delves into this critical realm, illuminating the science behind the harm and empowering us to fight back. This book is a compass guiding us through the complex labyrinth of environmental toxins. We'll unmask the hidden enemies - chemicals, radiation, and other contaminants - and explore their insidious effects on ecosystems and human health. We'll learn how they disrupt delicate ecological balances, poison wildlife, and compromise our own well-being, causing respiratory ailments, developmental problems, and even cancer. But understanding the problem is only the first step. "The Impact of Pollution" equips us with the tools to combat it. We'll delve into the field of environmental toxicology, a scientific detective story where researchers uncover the mechanisms of poisoning and develop strategies for mitigation. We'll learn about risk assessments, bioremediation techniques, and the crucial role of environmental policies in safeguarding our planet. This book is a call to action, a clarion cry for a healthier future. It's for the concerned citizen, the budding scientist, and anyone who wants to understand the world around them and protect its precious lifeblood. By exploring the impact of pollution and the power of environmental toxicology, we can chart a course toward a cleaner, greener future, where every breath and every sip is a testament to our collective responsibility for the health of our planet.

This third edition volume expands on the previous editions with new and updated discussions on the latest developments in endotoxin contamination, complex physicochemical properties, in vitro immunotoxicity traits, and in vitro drug release properties. Eight chapters in this book are dedicated to physicochemical characterization techniques and cover newer methods such as asymmetric-flow field-flow fractionation, single particle inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry, and resistive pulse sensing. The next eighteen chapters explore the immunotoxicity of nanomaterials, including microbial contaminants such as endotoxin and beta-glucans, anti-PEG antibodies, autoimmunity, and immunosuppressive properties. The last two chapters talk about new pharmacology protocols, including a new technique to assess drug release and a tissue distribution assay using PEG immunohistochemistry. Written in the highly successful Methods in Molecular Biology series format, chapters include introductions to their respective topics, lists of the necessary materials and reagents, step-by-step instructions to reproducible laboratory protocols, and tips on troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls.Cutting-edge and thorough, Characterization of Nanoparticles Intended for Drug Delivery, Third Edition is a valuable resource that will help both expert and novice researchers further enhance their understanding of this important and developing field.

This book discusses the role of oxidative stress in human reproduction with a focus on men's health. The physiological roles of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in male fertility are the focus in this book. This topic is important because oxidative stress is a result of the imbalance between ROS and antioxidants in the body which may lead to sperm damage (DNA or count), deformity, and eventually, male infertility. Therefore, for a better understanding of the molecular mechanisms related to male genotoxicity and its regulation in infertility, this book provides an up-to-date view on the impact of oxidative stress factors in male reproduction .The main aim of this book is to collect a series of research articles and reviews from a diverse group of scientists to share their research work on the role of ROS or oxidative stress in physiological and pathological states in relation to (in)fertility in the male. This book presents various state-of-the-art chapters of the recent progress in the field of cellular toxicology and clinical manifestations of various issues related to men's health and fertility. Topics include cell signaling, DNA damage and infertility, the pathophysiology of disease instigation and distribution, immune toxicity and prevention.

Cannabis - A Comprehensive GuideThe use of cannabis for medicinal purposes can be traced back to antiquity, but it is only recently that it has garnered attention as one of the most exciting medical-pharmaceutical topics. In hardly any other area of pharmacotherapy has knowledge of late developed with comparable dynamism. Experts from different fields are continuously working on new scientific evidence for the therapeutic use of cannabis and cannabinoids in order to provide patients with quality-assured cannabis medicines.For the first time, representatives of all relevant disciplines contributed to an exhaustive work on this topic, addressing the following subjects:History | Botany | Biosynthesis | Breeding and Cultivation | Import | Supply chain | Quality Assurance and Quality Control | Pharmacology | Biopharmacy and Pharmacokinetics | Indications and Evidence of Pharmacotherapy | Risks and Side Effects | Driving Safety | Legal Status of Cannabinoid-containing Medicinal Products and Non-Medicinal Products | Case Studies from Selected European Countries | Dosage Forms and Ways of Administration | Forms of Consumption in Recreational Use | Identity Testing of Starting Materials | Manufacture of Magistral Preparations and Officinal Medicinal Products | Legal Status of Cannabis Prescriptions | Reimbursement and Price Calculation | Narcotics Documentation | Legal Framework Conditions of Care | Patient CounsellingThe concentrated expertise created a unique, comprehensive picture offering an unprecedented, consolidated scientific and legal framework of medical cannabis care. All facts have been conscientiously researched and meticulously reviewed. The result is a scientifically valid work setting new standards.For all those who deal with cannabis for professional or personal reasons, this exceptional book is indispensable.

Written by clinicians with years of experience in paediatrics, this unique textbook is designed to promote quality and safe care of children, and reduce common clinical errors and delayed diagnoses through shared first-hand experiences. This book is for anyone who needs to make a clinical decision about infants and children- be they from a medical, nursing or health professional background. The text is particularly useful for trainees but is also relevant to experienced practitioners. The aim of the book is to prevent errors and ensure safe care. The authors offer practical advice on potential pitfalls and red flags from neonatal care to mental health issues in adolescence . This book takes the reader through recent advances in diagnosis, common presentations and how to identify the sick child, all with case studies and illustrations to bring the text to life.The strengths of the book are:The ability to learn from other¿s experiences and mistakes and share this learningAll chapters reviewed by sub-specialists in Paediatrics with a focus on presentations to first responders including family practitionersInstructive case scenarios highlighting clinical pearls and pitfalls to avoidHigh-quality clinical images throughout Unique chapters on:Safe care for infants and children including the use of artificial intelligenceAvoiding errors Picking up the sick child with practical tips especially for family doctors and first respondersPotential pitfalls in both the newborn and 6-week examinationsUnravelling the diagnosis in an infant or child with a feverKey symptoms and signs guiding family doctors to suspect cancer in childhoodMental health issues in adolescenceOrdering and interpreting tests in childrenSurviving and thriving throughout a career in paediatric nursing or medicine

Gain a deeper understanding of venoms, venomous animals, and their treatment with this informative guide. The authors cover a wide range of topics, from the chemical makeup of venoms to the development of antivenomous serums. If you have an interest in toxicology or animal behavior, this book will be an invaluable resource.This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it.This work is in the "public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work.Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.

This book gives an overview of therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) and its clinical application. It also highlights recent advances in toxicological studies, as they relate to therapeutic drug monitoring.  This is one of the few books available on the market that covers TDM. Therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) is a clinical decision-making tool that enables dosage regimen adjustments based on clinical and laboratory measurements. TDM not only involves the measuring of drug concentrations but also interpretation of the results. There is a strong correlation between drug concentrations in body fluids and outcome than between dose and outcome.  The chapters include coverage of analytical techniques, pharmacokinetics, therapeutic indices, artificial intelligence and recent advances in toxicological studies.The book fills a gap in published literature and provides reliable information on; Analytical techniques in TDM and clinical toxicology TDM and pharmacokinetic studies TDM of drugs with narrow therapeutic indices Artificial intelligence in TDM and clinical toxicology Future directions and challenges 

This fully updated volume collects laboratory techniques and tests to assess the risks to embryo-fetal development from drug exposure during early developmental stages. Beginning with a section detailing basic principles of teratogenicity, the book continues with application of in vitro models for teratogenic screening to predict toxicity in embryonic animals and humans, as well as a variety of well-established in vivo animal model tests, which offer solutions for evaluating the efficacy and the teratogenicity of compounds in preclinical trials before human safety testing. Written for the highly successful Methods in Molecular Biology series, chapters include introductions to their respective topics, lists of the necessary materials and reagents, step-by-step and readily reproducible laboratory protocols, and tips on troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls. Authoritative and practical, Teratogenicity Testing: Methods and Protocols, Second Edition serves as an ideal guide to tests that can be performed in cells, organs, tissues, and animal models for evaluating toxicity and/or safety of compounds in early developmental stages with the goal of estimating, preventing, or minimizing the teratogenic potential of drugs.

This collection provides detailed information on current advances in analytical methods and strategies employed for monitoring and discovering a wide range of novel psychoactive substances (NPS) in clinical and forensic laboratories. The main classes of NPS in terms of prevalence include synthetic cannabinoids, synthetic cathinones, synthetic opioids, and designer or synthetic benzodiazepines, and this book explores selecting the appropriate sample matrix and analytical testing approaches for laboratories faced with NPS drug testing, such as in blood, urine, saliva, and hair. Written for the Methods in Pharmacology and Toxicology series, chapters in this volume feature the kind of detailed implementation advice from the experts that leads to successful results in the lab. Authoritative and practical, Methods for Novel Psychoactive Substance Analysis serves as an ideal guide for forensic and clinical toxicologists, pharmacologists and chemists in academic and research settings, as well as for private laboratories seeking to increase our ability to test for these substances.@font-face {font-family:"e;Cambria Math"e;; panose-1:2 4 5 3 5 4 6 3 2 4; mso-font-charset:0; mso-generic-font-family:roman; mso-font-pitch:variable; mso-font-signature:-536869121 1107305727 33554432 0 415 0;}@font-face {font-family:Calibri; panose-1:2 15 5 2 2 2 4 3 2 4; mso-font-charset:0; mso-generic-font-family:swiss; mso-font-pitch:variable; mso-font-signature:-469750017 -1073732485 9 0 511 0;}p.MsoNormal, li.MsoNormal, div.MsoNormal {mso-style-unhide:no; mso-style-qformat:yes; mso-style-parent:"e;"e;; margin:0cm; mso-pagination:widow-orphan; font-size:12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size:11.0pt; font-family:"e;Times New Roman"e;,serif; mso-fareast-font-family:Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family:"e;Times New Roman"e;; mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-bidi; mso-ansi-language:EN-US; mso-fareast-language:EN-US;}.MsoChpDefault {mso-style-type:export-only; mso-default-props:yes; mso-bidi-font-size:11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family:Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family:"e;Times New Roman"e;; mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-bidi; mso-ansi-language:EN-US; mso-fareast-language:EN-US;}div.WordSection1 {page:WordSection1;}