Medicinsk toksikologi

Toxicity and Toxicodynamics, Volume One in the Essentials of Pharmatoxicology in Drug Research series provides an overview on the essentials of toxicology, risk assessment and the mechanisms. Topics discussed include the types of cellular responses to chemical toxicants, mechanisms of drug toxicity, and their relevance to pharmaceutical product development. The book examines omics and computer-aided technologies for mechanistic and predictive toxicology and covers state-of-art testing in the evaluation of detrimental pathways, dose selection in toxicity studies, as well as the role of regulatory agencies in toxicity studies. In addition, there is also discussion on clinical interventions such as pharmacotherapy and managed care strategies for acute poisoning. This volume is a valuable resource to those learning more about the drug development process related to toxicology and those who want to get an update on newer concepts on the toxicology aspect of drug research.

Auf dieses Buch haben Lehrende und Studierende in Chemie, Biochemie, aber auch in anderen chemienahen Fachgebieten lange gewartet. Dieses Buch ist ideal für Lehrende und Studierende im Fach Gefahrstoffkunde an Hochschulen und Universitäten, denn es bietet ihnen das Rüstzeug für die Gestaltung erfolgreicher Lehrveranstaltungen bzw. für einen erfolgreichen Abschluss in diesem Studienfach.Die Besorgnis, dass chemische Stoffe eine Gefährdung für die Gesundheit der Menschen und ihrer Umwelt darstellen können, ist begründet. Chemische Stoffe können schädigen, und daher gefährlich sein. Die zahlreichen Berichte von dramatischen Chemieunfällen und Umweltkatastrophen wie die von Seveso (1976) und Basel (1986) sind präsent und prägen das Bewusstsein in Gesellschaft und Politik. Nach den Gründen, warum die Geschichten katastrophaler Chemieunfälle in der Vergangenheit liegen und in heutiger Zeit in der europäischen Welt nicht mehr vorgekommen sind, wird jedoch selten gefragt.Dabeiist die Antwort auf diese Frage einfach: Die in der Chemie arbeitenden Menschen und die Behörden haben gelernt, mit den Gefährdungen und Risiken, die von chemischen Stoffen ausgehen, kompetent umzugehen. Die angewandte Wissenschaft, die diese Kompetenz vermitteln muss, ist die Gefahrstoffkunde, eine Kombination aus Toxikologie und Rechtskunde, im Studium ein Pflichtfach für jede Chemikerin und jeden Chemiker, aber auch für weitere Studiengänge, bei denen chemische Stoffe eine wichtige Rolle spielen. Der mit dem erfolgreichen Abschluss im Fach Gefahrstoffkunde verbundene amtliche Sachkundenachweis muss auch nach dem Studium regelmäßig aktualisiert werden.

This detailed volume explores practical procedures on the identification and quantification of pesticides in a variety of samples. Chapters guide the reader through methods and protocols for the extraction of pesticides from biological and non-biological samples, pitfalls in dosing techniques and structures identification, and also provide an overview of the problems that these pesticides cause in human populations. As part of the Methods in Pharmacology and Toxicology series, chapters include introductions to their respective topics, lists of reagents and materials, step-by-step guides and reproducible lab protocols, as well as valuable tips on addressing common problems and avoiding known pitfalls. Authoritative and practical, Pesticide Toxicology is an ideal reference for academia, analysts, toxicologists, environmentalists, and health and industry professionals aiming to understand the associated risks and to limit the use of these substancesand minimize their potential damage to human health and the environment.

Haschek and Rousseaux's Handbook of Toxicologic Pathology, Fourth Edition, recognized by many as the most authoritative single source of information in the field of toxicologic pathology, has been extensively updated to continue its comprehensive coverage. The fourth edition has been expanded to five separate volumes due to an explosion of information in this field requiring new and updated chapters. Completely revised with a number of new chapters, this book covers the toxicologic pathology of major classes of environmental toxicants. Volumes emphasize the comparative and correlative aspects of normal biology and toxicant-induced dysfunction, principal methods for toxicologic pathology evaluation, and major mechanisms of toxicity. This series comprises the most authoritative reference on toxicologic pathology for pathologists, toxicologists, research scientists, and regulators studying and making decisions on drugs, biologics, medical devices, and other chemicals, including agrochemicals and environmental contaminants. Each volume is being published separately.

Haschek and Rousseaux's Handbook of Toxicologic Pathology, Volume Four: Toxicologic Pathology of Organ Systems is a key reference on the integration of structure and functional changes in tissues associated with the response to pharmaceuticals, chemicals and biologics.  Organ systems covered include cardiac, vascular and skeletal muscle systems and the endocrine, respiratory, reproductive, digestive and nervous systems. Completely revised with a new olfactory chapter, this new release is an essential part of the most authoritative reference on toxicologic pathology for pathologists, toxicologists, research scientists and regulators studying and making decisions on drugs, biologics, medical devices, and other chemicals, including agrochemicals and environmental contaminants.

Poisonous plants are used in traditional medicine systems in various healing therapies. They are a rich resource of ingredients used in herbal drug formulations that are also used in the development of synthetic drugs. They are recognized for their antioxidant, anti-inflammation, anti-cancer, and anti-diabetic activities and for many other health benefits. Exploring Poisonous Plants: Medicinal Values, Toxicity Responses, and Therapeutic Uses provides an analysis of the most important poisonous herbs, shrubs, and trees, detailing poisonous plants while demonstrating endorsements for their potential therapeutic values.Features:Presents therapeutic potentials on various poisonous herbs, shrubs, and trees.Provides descriptions of notable toxic compounds and discusses their adverse effects when consumed by animals or people.Gives practical guidance for botanical description, distribution, phytochemical constituents, pharmacological studies, and traditional and other potential uses of selected poisonous plants.This volume in the Exploring Medicinal Plants series is appropriate for scientists, researchers, and students working with poisonous plants, as well as in areas of economic botany, plant biochemistry, biotechnology, pharmacognosy, pharmaceuticals, industrial chemistry, and nanomedicine.

This volume describes the identification of emerging organic pollutants, mainly from industrial sources, their associated toxicological threats, and the latest green methods and biotechnological solutions to abate harmful impacts on people and the environment. The chapters present reviews on current applied toxicology research, occupational health hazards and green remedial solutions for pollution control in terrestrial and aquatic environments, with the aim of raising public awareness of these issues and providing chemists, toxicologists and environmental scientists with the knowledge to combat organic pollutants through sustainable means. Readers will learn about the multi-dimensional applications of materials and processes which harvest energy out of environmental remediation technologies, as well as the roles of biotechnology and nanotechnology in addressing high pollutant load. Specific attention is paid to technologies that draw energy through wastewater remediation, as this covers the primary means by which organic pollutants are introduced into the environment from industry and other sources. The book will be of use to pollution control boards, industry regulators, and students and researchers in the fields of biotechnology, biomedical science, hydrology and water chemistry.

A very handy practical book written by French doctors specialised in disaster medicine, this guide offers their core experience condensed in 50 small, easily digestible chapters. Each chapter is designed to enable the reader to "e;know"e;, "e;understand"e;, and learn what to "e;do"e; in the concerned situation, ensuring the crucial information is easily on hand and available.Facing disasters, whether natural or man-made, technological or social, what are the risks and the consequences of such hazards on victims? What kind of care to provide? How to get organised, to have the appropriate resources, and to protect oneself as a responder?  The French emergency and healthcare preparedness has followed a unique path. The responding medical doctors have followed in the footsteps of Dominique Larrey, a military surgeon and the father of emergency medicine. For him, the on-scene presence of doctors is paramount to organise the entire healthcare and emergency response, an innovative method that has proven its efficacy.   This book is intended for all healthcare and emergency staff, doctors, paramedics or first aiders in ambulances or in emergency services who might come to deal with a massive influx of injured, poisoned, or traumatised victims. The management of multiple concomitant emergencies requires specific know-how and skills. May this guide contribute to the dissemination of a validated French know-how and thus to save lives and alleviate suffering.

Eliksirer, pulvere og gasser”Indbyggerne i den sydfranske landsby Pont-Saint-Esprit tror ikke deres egne øjne natten mellem den 24. og 25. august 1951. De mareridtsagtige scener, der udspiller sig i og omkring landsbyens gamle hospital ”Hôtel-Dieu”, er som taget ud af en grotesk gyserfilm. Bag hospitalets mure kæmper sygepersonale desperat for at tumle et pludseligt og meget stort antal hallucinerende og vanvittige mennesker. Flere af patienterne flår deres spændetrøjer i stykker og myldrer ud i hospitalshaven, mens andre løsriver sig fra deres fiksering til hospitalssengene og forsøger at kaste sig ud ad vinduerne.” (Uddrag fra bogen).Med afsæt i en mystisk og tragisk masseforgiftning, der spredte død og vanvid i en fransk landsby i 1951, fortæller Jakob Eberhardt i denne bog, hvordan gift altid har været en dødelig trussel for mennesket – fra giftige svampe i middelalderbondens korn til krigsgasserne på 1. verdenskrigs slagmarker. Gift er imidlertid ikke kun et onde. I århundreder har farlige kemiske stoffer for eksempel været udnyttet medicinsk eller til bekæmpelse af skadedyr. Gennem ti kapitler fortæller GIFT – fra dødelig dosis til mirakelmiddel, hvordan gift på godt og ondt har præget menneskers liv og samfund gennem historien.Jakob Eberhardt er cand.mag. i historie og dansk og uddannet fagjournalist. Han er forfatter til bl.a. bøgerne ”Verdenshistoriens største epidemier” (FADL’s Forlag, 2016/2020) og ”Den blodrøde flod” om den finske borgerkrig 1918 (Gyldendal, 2014).

Environmental issues such as ozone layer depletion, overpopulation, biodiversity loss, global warming, natural resource depletion, and so on affect every organism on the planet somehow. Environmental biotechnology applications can help to protect and restore the quality of the environment. The goal is to use biotechnology with other technologies and safety procedures to prevent, arrest, and reverse environmental degradation. Environmental biotechnology is one of the most rapidly expanding and practically useful scientific fields. Biochemistry, physiology and genetic research of microorganisms can be converted into commercially available technologies for reversing and preventing further deterioration of the earth's environment. Solid, liquid, and gaseous wastes can be altered either by recycling new by-products or by purifying to make the end product less harmful to the environment. Biotechnology for Toxic Remediation and Environmental Sustainability discusses the removal of pollutants by absorption techniques and recycling wastewater into valuable by-products and biofuels by microorganisms. Moreover, this book also addresses corrosion prevention by green inhibitors, uses electrochemical systems for renewable energy and waste recycling using microbes, and recent food safety and security trends in the food microbiome. On the other hand, this book also discusses therapy and treatments against antibiotic-resistant bacteria, anti-cancer and pharmacological properties of thymoquinone and preventive properties of zinc nanoparticles against stress-mediated apoptosis in epithelial cells.FeaturesCovers all aspects of Biotechnological application in the environmentDiscusses sustainable technology for the wastewater treatment and value-added products from wastewaterFocuses on research activities Green corrosion inhibitors, bio-electrochemical systems, food safety and security, and antimicrobial resistanceThe book is a valuable resource for the undergrad and graduate students, doctoral and post-doctoral scholars, industrial personnel, academicians, scientists, researchers, and policymakers involved in understanding and implementing applications of biotechnology for environmental toxic remediation.

This volume, Advanced Studies in Experimental and Clinical Medicine: Modern Trends and Approaches, provides a selection of chapters on new developments in various areas of clinical medicine, including dental, surgery, and general practice.

Personal Care Products and Human Health provides background, historical context and the latest research results on personal care products (PCPs) and their impact on human health and the environment. Sections provide an overview of the functions and mechanisms of action of components of personal care products, discuss environmental toxicology, outline the problems of contamination of water systems from increasing use of personal care products and the resulting toxicities to aquatic wildlife, and offer chapters written by specialists on different aspects of concern for the effects of excessive personal care product usage on human health. This is a comprehensive reference for toxicologists, environment scientists and those interested in learning about the science behind personal care products and current concerns for environmental and human health.