Neurovidenskab

This book offers a comprehensive overview of the most important neurochemicals and approaches everything from the neurochemical's perspective. It attempts to integrate the biochemical pathways of synthesis and metabolism of these neurochemicals with the disease states and point out the avenues of diagnostic testing and therapeutic intervention. Each chapter focuses on a specific neurochemical and provides a brief history, the biochemical profile, metabolism, physiological functions, and the clinical aspects. The clinical part of each chapter includes a discussion on disease states with either increased or reduced activity of the neurochemical and either activation or inhibition of the relevant receptors. This book is targeted toward practitioners and students of neuroscience and is written to emphasize the importance of these neurochemicals in the brain. With this emphasis on background neurochemical processes, the readers will be pointed towards logical diagnostic studies, laboratory investigations, and therapies based on the neurochemical dysfunction that underlies various disease states.

This volume explores multiple methods and approaches used to generate human brain and neuroretinal organoids to address fundamental questions in human brain research. The chapters in this book cover topics such as self-organizing brain organoids with ventricles amenable to injection and electroporation; visualization of 3D organoids though the latest advancements in microscopy; generation of 3D retinal tissue with physiologically competent, light-sensitive photoreceptors; modeling brain tumors using genetically edited brain organoids; and brain organoids as a model to study Zika virus and SARS-CoV-2 infections. In the Neuromethods series style, chapters include the kind of detail and key advice from the specialists needed to get successful results in your laboratory.  Comprehensive and cutting-edge, Brain Organoid Research is a valuable resource for researchers at various levels of learning, ranging from undergraduate students, early researchers, and advanced laboratories. This book aims to be instrumental in moving this developing field forward.

This book aims to provide a comprehensive and timely review of new findings in motoneuron research. Recent findings have revealed that motoneurons are more complex and have more extensive functions than previously imagined. Some of the molecular and genetic pathways that orchestrate the development of motoneurons have been discovered, as have the mechanisms responsible for the selective innervation of muscles by specific pools of motoneurons. These novel findings are revolutionizing ideas about the function of motoneurons and have important implications for motoneuron disease.  Chapters from several of the foremost figures in the field are included in this book and will emphasize how basic science is the engine driving the discovery of novel treatments for degenerative motoneuron diseases. Cutting edge developments in the use of pluripotent stem cells to correct motoneuron disease will be also be covered.  This book would be useful to students of basic motoneuron physiology, locomotor behavior and motor control. This book would also be of interest to professional neuroscientists, neurologists, and neurosurgeons.

The "e;THINKING: Bioengineering of Science and Art"e; is to discuss about philosophical aspects of thinking at the context of Science and Art. External representations provide evidence that the fundamental process of thinking exists in both animal subjects and humans. However, the diversity and complexity of thinking in humans is astonishing because humans have been permitted to integrate scientific accounts into their accounts and create excellent illustrations for the effects of this integration. The book necessarily begins with the origins of human thinking and human thinking into self and others, body, and life. Multiple factors tend to modify the pattern of thinking. They all will come into play by this book that brings thinking into different disciplines: humanities, natural sciences, social sciences, formal sciences, and applied sciences. The thinking demands full processing of information, and therefore, the book considers the economy of thinking as well. The book thoroughly intends to explore thinking beyond the boundaries. Specifically, several chapters are devoted to discipline this exploration either by artistic thinking alone or by art and mathematics-aided engineering of complexities. In this manner, the book models variations on thinking at the individual and systems levels and accumulates a list of solutions, each good for specific scenarios and maximal outcomes. 

Is your mind the same thing as your brain, or are there aspects of mind beyond the brain's biology? This is the mind-body problem, and it has captivated curious minds since the dawn of human contemplation. Today many insist that the mind is completely reducible to the brain. But is that claim justified? In this stimulating anthology, twenty-five philosophers and scientists offer fresh insights into the mind-brain debate, drawing on psychology, neurology, philosophy, computer science, and neurosurgery. Their provocative conclusion? The mind is indeed more than the brain.

This volume provides backgrounds, methods, and troubleshooting for the analysis of circadian rhythms at the molecular, cellular, and organismal levels in vertebrates and invertebrates, and also covers light input, sleep, circalunar rhythms, and seasonal rhythms. The chapters in this book discuss behavioral and biological testing, histochemistry, single-cell imaging, electrophysiology, photochemistry, genetics, genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, metabolomics, systems biology, chemical biology, and mathematical modeling. In the Neuromethods series style, chapters include experimental detail and key advice from the specialists needed to successfully carry out these methods in your laboratory. Cutting-edge and practical, Circadian Clocks is a valuable resource for all researchers seeking to learn about established and novel methods in chronobiology, and the molecular mechanisms of the rhythmic control of physiology and behavior.