Metalteknologi og metallurgi

As the only comprehensive text focusing on metal shaping processes, which are still the most widely used processes in the manufacture of products and structures, "Metal Shaping Processes" carefully presents the fundamentals of metal shaping processes with their relevant applications. The treatment of the subject matter is adequately descriptive for those unfamiliar with the various processes and yet is sufficiently analytical for an introductory academic course in manufacturing. The text, as well as the numerous formulas and illustrations in each chapter, clearly show that shaping processes, as a part of manufacturing engineering, are a complex and interdisciplinary subject. The topics are organized and presented in such a manner that they motivate and challenge students to present technically and economically viable solutions to a wide variety of questions and problems, including product design. It is the perfect textbook for students in mechanical, industrial, and manufacturing engineering programs at both the Associate Degree and Bachelor Degree programs, as well a valuable reference for manufacturing engineers (those who design, execute and maintain the equipment and tools); process engineers (those who plan and engineer the manufacturing steps, equipment, and tooling needed in production); manufacturing managers and supervisors; product design engineers; and, maintenance and reliability managers and technicians. Each chapter in this book begins with a brief highlighted outline of the topics to be described. This title carefully presents the fundamentals of the particular metal-shaping process with its relevant applications within each chapter, so that the student and teacher can clearly assess the capabilities, limitation, and potentials of the process and its competitive aspects. It features sections on product design considerations, which present guidelines on design for manufacturing in many of the chapters. It offers practical, understandable explanations, even for complex processes. It includes text entries that are coded as in an outline, with these numerical designations carried over the 320 related illustrations for easy cross-referencing. It provides a dual (ISO and USA) unit system. It contains end-of-chapter Review Questions. It also includes a chapter on sheet metalworking covering cutting processes; bending process; tubes and pipe bending; deep drawing processes; and, other sheet metal forming process (stretch forming, spinning, rubber forming, and superplatic forming and diffusion bonding). It also provides a useful die classification with 15 illustrations and description; presses for sheet metalworking; and, high energy-rate forming processes.

Being A Continuation Of The First Handbook, And Comprising From The Close Of The Medieval Period To The End Of The Eighteenth Century, Excluding English Work.

Mechanical Properties of Steel HardnessCarbon SteelsAlloy SteelsStainless SteelsTool SteelsCutting Tools Materials High Speed SteelsCemented CarbidesCermetsCeramics  Polycrystalline Cubic Boron Nitride (PCBN)Machining Recommendations Depth of Cut and Feed RateCutting Speeds for Carbon SteelsCutting Speeds for Alloy SteelsCutting Speeds for Stainless SteelsCutting Speeds for Tool SteelsMachining Power Metal Removal RateUnit Power and Power ConstantCalculating Required Machining PowerAppendix 1: Hardness ConversionAppendix 2: Carbon SteelsAppendix 3: Alloy SteelsAppendix 4: Stainless SteelsAppendix 5: Tool SteelsMachining is one of the most important manufacturing processes, which remove unwanted material in the form of chips from a workpiece. Material removal operations are among the most expensive; in the U.S. alone, more than $100 billion were spent on machining in 1999. These high costs put tremendous economic pressures on production managers and engineers as they struggle to find ways to increase productivity.Machining recommendations provided in this book cover turning since it allows removing more material per unit of time and consuming more power at the roughing operations than end milling, boring or drilling. Machining recommendations relate to cutting speeds, feed rates, and depth of cuts. Such recommendations depend on the workpiece material properties and the cutting tool material. Workpiece materials described in this book are the most commonly used grades of carbon, alloy, stainless, tool, and maraging steels. Cutting tool materials are cemented carbides, cermets, and ceramics.Describes hardness, tensile strength, and machinability of steels-the major mechanical properties. These properties are taken into consideration when selecting machining parameters.Features machining recommendations for turning that provide the cutting speed values based on Brinell hardness numbers, the depth of cut, and feed rate in relationships with the type of steel. Summarizes numerous calculations in five appendices.

This collection of priceless tips, tricks, skills, and experiences from a veteran of the trade is presented in a way that captures the attention of users and engages them in the process of furthering the art. It includes shop-tested descriptions and illustrations of creative and unique skills and observations from almost 40 years in the metalworking trades. What's more, it offers enough material from several metalworking trades to start a great research and development shop. It is sure to be a valuable and time-saving resource for anyone involved in the fabrication of metal. The book is written by a shop peer from the perspective of having done the required work. It includes nearly 1,000 full-color photos, as wells as numerous illustrative stories that help users easily understand the material presented and the techniques provided. It contains a chapter on flame straightening techniques; offers many examples of special workholding techniques; and covers crossover skills like welding/machine, sheetmetal/welding, and design/management.

Overview Guide to Hard Milling and High Speed Machining is a continuation of author's first book, Hard Milling & High Speed Machining: Tools of Change. The intial book featured different cutters developed for hard milling and high speed machining.  In this current guide, you will find yet more variables associated with the process. In Guide to Hard Milling and High Speed Machining, six machine manufacturers are covered in the first six chapters: Mikron, Okuma, Yasda, Roku Roku, Johnford and Moore. Each chapter explains the different approaches to building machines for this process.Also covered are two holder manufacturers, Heartech Precision and Big Kaiser, and one probe and laser manufacturer, Blum. Furthermore the author includes some of his most recent development work done on hard-to-machine materials and new cutters on the market today.It is certain that when you read this book you will become more aware of the people and companies involved in developing their products for this process. By working with these companies, you will learn what it takes to implement hard milling and high speed machining into your shop.The NTMA has the honor of working with some very talented and knowledgeable individuals, organizations, and institutions. A shining star among these partners is Dale Mickelson. Dale’s knowledge of all the machining variables, in combination with his database of real world test results, enables his clients to develop the high speed machining and hard milling processes required to be competitive in today’s business climate. By helping his clients decrease cycle time and tooling costs, and increase machine tool utilization, he has helped our members realize tremendous improvements in their operations.--Kevin King, Manufacturing Technology Director National Tooling & Machining Association  MikronOkuma America CorporationYasdaRoku-Roku Johnford MachinesMoore Precision ToolsHeartech Precision Inc., Advanced Tooling SystemsBIG Kaiser: Dual Contact Spindle System Enhances Rigidity and RepeatabilityBlum Probes and LasersCase Studies for Hard Milling and High Speed MachiningIndex

This unique handbook provides operators and technicians in the metalworking, machining, and metal finishing industries with an easy-to-use, single-volume guide to the hazardous materials commonly found in the above sectors. Containing detailed information on nearly 450 chemical hazards, this work provides identifiers (foreign and domestic); trade names and chemical synonyms; physical properties; short- and long-term health effects; guidelines for exposure; respirators; warnings; incompatibilities; fire data; and OSHA, EPA, California, and Canadian safety recommendations and regulations. No other reference offers this kind of integrated compilation of safety and environmental compliance data or directory information related to these industries. You will need no other reference!  Includes an extensive introduction outlining and explaining the requirements and regulations.Presents each chemical record in a uniform format of data elements, including record number, record name, trade names and chemical synonyms, EEC numbers, CAS number, 2004 Emergency Response Guidebook four-digit ID, DOT Hazard class or Division, three-digit ERG Guide, molecular formula, RTECS number, physical properties, and health and safety information.Contains extensive appendices including: sources of information, separate lists of dangerous oxidizing materials by name and CAS number, an updated list of all Poison Control Centers in the U.S., glossary of safety and environmental terms, extensive synonym and trade name index, and a complete CAS number index to chemicals covered.Takes an international approach in that chemical records contain: European Economic Community ID numbers, European Inventory of Existing Commercial Substances ID numbers, Canadian WHMIS ingredients disclosure list levels, International Agency for Research on Cancer information about carcinogens, and MAK values from Deutsche Forschungsgemeinshaft.Covers important metalworking hazards such as mineral oil mists and welding fumes.PrefaceIntroductionOccupational Exposure to Metalworking Fluids: Summary and RecommendationsCleaning and Degreasing: Alternatives, Benefits, and LimitationsKey to Acronyms and AbbreviationsKey to California List of List RegulationsChemical Records A – Z (ACETAL – ZIRCONOCENE) Appendix A: Sources of InformationIndustrial Safety and Health OrganizationsFederal Government Agencies Metalworking Trade AssociationsReference Books and Government PublicationsAppendix B: Oxidizing MaterialsBy Name/CAS NumberBy CAS Number/NameAppendix C: Poison Control CentersAppendix D: Glossary

Maximize the productivity of cutting.   Linear regression equations for converting Rockwell, Vickers, Knoop, and Scleroscope hardness numbers into Brinell hardness numbers.Formulas and linear regression equations for calculating ultimate tensile strength of the most commonly used work materials in relationship with their hardness.Formulas for calculating the number of inserts simultaneously engaged with the workpiece depending on milling conditions.Formulas to calculate machining time when facing, cutoff, and deep grooving and for feed and radial forces in relationship with tangential force.Set of formulas to calculate overhang of boring bars made of tungsten heavy alloys and cemented carbides in comparison with a boring bar made of steel.Formulas for metal removal rate and for calculating tangential and axial forces.Establishes power constant values for most commonly used work materials.A unique and handy resource, Engineering Formulas for Metalcutting will enable users to calculate necessary speeds, feeds, and required machining power in order to maximize the productivity of cutting. Providing information on formulas and their applications in a concise and clearly arranged format, it describes mechanical properties of the most popular work materials, such as steels, cast irons, and nonferrous alloys. And it offers numerous formulas for calculating speeds, feeds, cutting forces, and machining power. What's more, practical examples of calculating the variety of such cutting parameters will make this a valuable source of knowledge in training and practice.

Modular - jede Unit besteht aus vier einzelnen UnterrichtseinheitenFoundation: allgemeine Perspektive auf das Thema sowie technische BasicsParts A/B: technische Module, die als Handlungssituationen konzipiert sindCommunication: berufspraktische Kommunikationssituationen, phrases, SprachproduktionBerufsspezifisch - authentische Inhalte sorgen für einen praxisbezogenen UnterrichtAlle Themen der aktuellen Lehrpläne für Englisch in der Berufsschule, u.a. die sechs Anforderungssituationen des Lehrplans in Nordrhein-WestfalenHandlungsorientierter Ansatz: Einstieg in jede Unterrichtseinheit mit einer branchenspezifischen LernsituationToolbox: notwendiges Fachvokabular zum Verständnis der Input-Materialien für jedes ModulPrüfungsorientiertSechs Unterrichtseinheiten mit KMK-Übungsaufgaben sowie weitere mock exams in den Begleitmaterialien bereiten intensiv auf die KMK-Prüfung vor.SchülernahTransparente Bezeichnung von Kompetenzen und LernformenErfrischendes Layout zur Motivation im LernprozessHandlungsorientierte Lernsituationen, Fachterminologie und Useful Phrases speziell aus dem Arbeitsumfeld von Metallberufen befähigen die Lernenden, Englisch im berufsbezogenen Kontext anzuwenden. Sowohl das Schülerbuch als auch die Handreichungen enthalten zahlreiche Ideen zur individuellen Förderung in heterogenen Klassen.Authentisch, aktuell und flexibel einsetzbar: Die technischen Ausgaben der bewährten Reihe Matters für den Unterricht an gewerblich-technischen Berufsschulen wurden vollständig überarbeitet.Modular - jede Unit besteht aus vier einzelnen UnterrichtseinheitenFoundation: allgemeine Perspektive auf das Thema sowie technische BasicsParts A/B: technische Module, die als Handlungssituationen konzipiert sindCommunication: berufspraktische Kommunikationssituationen, phrases, SprachproduktionBerufsspezifisch - authentische Inhalte sorgen für einen praxisbezogenen UnterrichtAlle Themen der aktuellen Lehrpläne für Englisch in der Berufsschule, u.a. die sechs Anforderungssituationen des Lehrplans in Nordrhein-WestfalenHandlungsorientierter Ansatz: Einstieg in jede Unterrichtseinheit mit einer branchenspezifischen LernsituationToolbox: notwendiges Fachvokabular zum Verständnis der Input-Materialien für jedes ModulPrüfungsorientiertSechs Unterrichtseinheiten mit KMK-Übungsaufgaben sowie weitere mock exams in den Begleitmaterialien bereiten intensiv auf die KMK-Prüfung vor.SchülernahTransparente Bezeichnung von Kompetenzen und LernformenErfrischendes Layout zur Motivation im LernprozessDifferenziertIn den Begleitmaterialien finden Sie zahlreiche editierbare Kopiervorlagen, auf die per Aufgabenmarkierung im Schülerbuch verwiesen wird.Die Handreichungen enthalten didaktische Hinweise, Lösungen, die Audio-CD sowie wertvolle Zusatzmaterialien (auch digital). Neu: Visualisierte Hörtexte passend zu ausgewählten Texten des Schülerbuchs trainieren das Hör-/Hörsehverstehen.

This handy bilingual (German/English) reference work provides a clear overview of European steel designations. Steel grades can be referenced according to material number or by old or new designations. The 4th edition of this handy guide to European steel grades has been expanded and fully updated to reflect changes in the relevant European standards. It contains: a detailed overview of the designation system // English and German lists comparing old and new designations // Tables of scope of use.