Sundhedslovgivning og sociallovgivning

First work carried out in the Master's programme. A topic that later inspired my master's dissertation in 2015. Luana Petry Valentim Mendonça, a campaigner for minority rights, inspired by her supervisor Elda Coelho de Azevedo Bussinguer, to whom she owes all her thanks. This was just one of the many works they did on people living with HIV/AIDS, in the search for a more civic-minded world.

This research focuses on the conflict between the Federal Constitution and ordinary laws, considering the Consolidation of Labour Laws, the Statute of the Child and Adolescent and the Convention on Minimum Age for Admission to Employment, number 138, from the International Labour Organisation, ratified by Brazil. It is a fact that the practice of authorising child artistic work in Brazil contradicts national laws and international programmes that seek to combat child labour. In view of the conflict of laws and reality that exists in Brazil between the prohibition of child labour and its authorisation for artistic work, and between the movement to combat child labour and the work of child artists, it is necessary to analyse to what extent the work of child artists is beneficial.

This volume reflects on the recent explosion of at-home digital health care. It explores the ethical, legal, and regulatory impacts of this shift away from the 20th-century focus on clinics and hospitals towards a more modern health care model. This title is also available as Open Access on Cambridge Core.

The presented textbook covers the main aspects of the current labor legislation, answers questions of labor relations, taking into account not only legislative and regulatory material, but also current judicial practice. The information presented in the manual is included in exam papers, questions for tests and seminars in higher and secondary specialized educational institutions. For a wide range of readers.

This edited collection illuminates the weaknesses and strengths of crime reporting across a wide range of countries, with a focus on democratic countries in which the police bear some accountability to citizens.

This research was conducted with the support of the Universidad la Gran Colombia as well as the accompaniment of its faculty in the area of administrative and labor law in order to assess the impact of hiring through outsourcing in Colombian public institutions, understanding this as the alliance between companies by criteria of modernization and dynamism, an assessment is made on issues of recruitment which shows risk and benefit factors for both the contracting entities, for contractors and for the worker who is the mainstay of this research, For the contractors and for the worker himself who is the fundamental pillar of this investigation, it is left in evidence that this type of legal figures of contracting must be the exception to the rule and not the generality to fulfill the purposes of those who use it to fulfill their social object, since it can be a trigger of negative legal consequences for the previously mentioned parts.

This work is aimed at workers and others who in some way have felt morally harassed due to disagreements with their employer, who uses this mechanism to force them to resign from their job voluntarily and thus avoid paying compensation for untimely dismissal, even taking advantage of the occasion to avoid paying considerable sums of money to the worker who apparently resigns freely and voluntarily from his job, as a mechanism to escape the Moral Harassment inflicted against him by the employer or those who act in his stead.

The book deals with the effective operation of the rules related to biomedical research and pays attention to the activities of the national legislatures of the 27 Member States in the field of scientific research. This multilevel system has an impact on biobanking activity. The book answers questions realized by operators on the main biobanks around the EU in the field of GDPR. The authors and editors used the questions born from brainstorming among members of the Association European, Middle East & Africa for Biopreservation and Biobanking (ESBB) to offer to the operators in biobanking activity and researchers quickly answer to their daily questions, but with authors highest quality. Further the book provides a comprehensive review of the rapidly expanding field of biobanking. It provides researchers and scholars working on biobanking and bio-sharing and more in general in the university hospitals and clinical trial consortiums, and companies, biomedical researchers, but also jurists and the professionals (in particular judges, lawyers, officers) an instrument rigorous but easy to use of the GDPR in the case of biobanking activities. The book identifies a methodological path to tackle the legal or ethical problem on a specific scientific-technological to verify existing solutions and give ideas for future applications. The importance of the legal solution influences the implementation of the development of the biobanking activity service itself.

Using computational approaches utilizing large datasets to investigate public healthinformation is an important mechanism for institutions seeking to identify strategiesfor improving public health. The art in computational approaches, for examplein health research, is managing the trade-offs between the two perspectives:first, inference and s econd, p rediction. Many techniques from statistical methods(SM) and machine learning (ML) may, in principle, be used for both perspectives.However, SM has a well established focus on inference by building probabilisticmodels which allows us to determine a quantitative measure of confidence aboutthe magnitude of the effect. Simulation-based validation approaches can be usedin conjunction with SM to explicitly verify assumptions and redefine t he specifiedmodel, if n ecessary. On the other hand, ML uses general-purpose algorithmsto find p atterns t hat b est p redict t he o utcome and makes minimal assumptionsabout the data-generating process; and may be more effective in a number of situations.My work employs both SM- and ML- based computational approaches toinvestigate particular public health problems. Chapter One provides philosophicalbackground and compares the application of the two approaches in public health.Chapter Two describes and implements penalized Cox proportional hazard modelsfor time-varying covariates time-to-event data. Chapter Three applies traditionalsurvival models and machine learning algorithms to predict survival times of cancerpatients, while incorporating the information about the time-varying covariates.Chapter Four discusses and implements various approaches for computing predictionsand effects for generalized linear (mixed) models. Finally, Chapter Fiveimplements and compares various statistical models for handling univariate andmultivariate binary outcomes for water, sanitation and hygiene (WaSH) data.

This book provides insights into the complex labour and social security framework of EU employment and its enforcement. Starting from an analysis of the various EU instruments and case law, it outlines the complicated legal framework, the practical problems involved, and ways to overcome them. In turn, the book puts the evolution of the framework into perspective, reviews the numerous modifications made over the years, and describes interpretation-related difficulties. Since the formation of the European Community 65 years ago, migration and the European labour market have evolved considerably through special patterns of (temporary) mobility such as postings, simultaneous work in several Member States and high mobility, thus leading to major questions about the applicable legal framework. The interplay between the free movement of persons and services has produced a complex system of rules. Which law applies when a person crosses a border: that of the host State (and to what extent should this State take into account the legal rules from the home State?) or that of the home State? Does the person crossing the border have any choice in the matter?The book subsequently analyses the penetration of EU (market) law into national systems of labour and social security law. The divergent solutions and views within labour and social security law are considered and discussed from a critical point of view.As the positive elements of the European story are at risk of being overshadowed by the negative consequences of the European construction - social dumping being the prime example - special attention is paid to the cooperation between inspection services and other stakeholders in order to guarantee efficient enforcement. The latter is more than just sanctioning, but also includes prevention and monitoring issues.The unique strength of this book is that it brings together all legal-technical aspects of cross-border employment and its enforcement in both labour law and social security law in a single volume. Readers will find a wealth of detailed and specialised information, helping them to understand the topic in depth. Accordingly, the book will be of interest to academics, practitioners, enforcement bodies, judiciary policymakers, advanced law students, and researchers seeking to understand the law in context.

The challenges that labour law currently faces are well known. The emergence of new forms of work and the growing importance of technology in the age of the Fourth Industrial Revolution are important tests of the resilience of this field of law and its function: regulating the labour market. Therefore, it is becoming increasingly important to examine the fundamentals of labour law, especially how subordinate labour is addressed in various countries¿ constitutions, in order to focus the analysis of the new phenomena affecting labour relations on their fundamental frameworks.In this context, this book puts forward an overarching framework that reflects how the Italian, German, French, Portuguese, and Spanish constitutions view labour in terms of both collective and individual relations ¿ particularly the right to collective bargaining, the right to strikes and lock-outs, job security, and the right to remuneration ¿ without losing sight of each Constitution's historical and political context.The aim of this book is therefore to provide an overview of the labour law frameworks in the constitutions of these legal systems and to show, by means of practical examples, how the law concretely implements them. Accordingly, it provides notes on the legal treatment of the topics analysed, serving as a practical guide for the study of these matters in the respective jurisdictions.This book will be of interest to all students and scholars of labour law looking for an overview of the topics covered in all five jurisdictions.

Vi står over for en sundhedsmæssig global katastrofe. Aldrig har så mange mennesker været deprimerede eller oplevet angst: WHO forudsiger, at depression i 2030 vil udgøre den største sundhedsfaglige byrde globalt set – og det er blandt alle sygdomme.Videnskabsjournalist Johann Hari har selv kæmpet med depression og været på antidepressiva. Bogen her er en personligt drevet, grundresearchet, indigneret og velskrevet undersøgelse af, hvad vi tror, vi ved om depression og behandlingen af den, og hvorfor det er så fejlbehæftet. Vi har vænnet os til at betragte depression som en kemisk ubalance i den enkelte hjerne, der behandles bedst med medicin – men når vi ser på de egentlige resultater af de studier, der findes af medicinens effekt, er den påfaldende lille, og når vi ser nærmere på, hvordan depression udvikler sig i vores samfund i dag, forekommer det dybt usandsynligt, at det udelukkende kan forklares som afvigelser i individers hjerner. I bogen rejser Hari verden rundt og taler med de forskere, der ved mest – og han kommer frem til ni årsager til depression. Nogle er biologiske, resten samfundsmæssige. Ni årsager, der samtidig kan være svaret på, hvordan vi redder vores samfund fra at blive fuldt ud defineret af depression i det 21. århundrede.

«This is a very good argument, with impressive detail, clear structure, and vehement commitment.»(M. McEldowney, Emeritus Professor of Planning) This book provides a post-Covid recovery strategy for the UK that is based on all aspects of health, but also addresses the ever-greater threat from global warming. Health and sustainability are interlocked.More than other European nations, we favour libertarian values over social equity, privatized public services and lower taxes that reduce those services. From fair-minded pragmatism, we have descended into dogma, incompetence and intolerance.Using the government's 5 guiding principles for a sustainable future, the book suggests how to improve distinct aspects of health:personal health through more preventive medicine;environmental health with lower transport and household emissions;economic health through local (rather than global) production of goods and services;social health by reducing gross health and wealth inequalities; andpolitical health through strategic commitment, fair taxes (a bedroom tax just on the poor?) and real devolution to local councils.We need to think local, act local and act now.

The parliamentarians involved in the debate for the Sunday Rest paid to a pluralist vision to face the social conflict, in the sense that the different political forces struggled to develop a supra-partisan, "statist" and balanced conception. The agonist dynamics is hidden in pursuit of a strategic negotiation of common loyalty to institutional principles: there is a dissatisfaction of democratic demands that must be solved with a workers' law.

This comprehensive guide invites nations worldwide to embark on a transformative journey, implementing independent third-party verification systems that ensure medical devices comply with both international and national regulations. Prepare to be captivated as we delve into the intricate processes, unveil essential procedures, and illuminate the paramount importance of establishing traceability for medical device measurements.Imagine a world where medical devices undergo rigorous independent safety and performance verification, guaranteeing the utmost reliability for patient diagnoses and treatment. This book takes you on a compelling exploration of precisely that vision. Focusing on cutting-edge diagnostic and therapeutic devices, it captures the very essence of the latest international directives and regulations, ensuring you stay ahead of the curve.This new edition goes beyond the conventional, delving into the realms of innovation and progress. Unveiling in-depth maintenance regimes within healthcare institutions, we provide you with invaluable insights into post-market surveillance. As the world embraces the transformative potential of artificial intelligence, we pave the way for evidence-based management of medical device maintenance¿a concept poised to reshape the healthcare landscape.Imagine a future where medical devices are seamlessly integrated into the legal metrology system, while fully operational national laboratories for medical device inspection set new standards of excellence. This book vividly illustrates how such a powerful union can elevate the reliability of medical devices in diagnosis and patient care. Brace yourself for a paradigm shift that not only enhances efficacy but also leads to significant cost reductions within your country's healthcare system.Join us on this extraordinary journey as we unveil the untapped potential of medical device inspection. With our innovative approach and unrivaled expertise, together we can revolutionize healthcare, transforming the lives of countless patients worldwide. Get ready to be inspired, informed, and empowered¿welcome to the future of healthcare!

Cannabis - A Comprehensive GuideThe use of cannabis for medicinal purposes can be traced back to antiquity, but it is only recently that it has garnered attention as one of the most exciting medical-pharmaceutical topics. In hardly any other area of pharmacotherapy has knowledge of late developed with comparable dynamism. Experts from different fields are continuously working on new scientific evidence for the therapeutic use of cannabis and cannabinoids in order to provide patients with quality-assured cannabis medicines.For the first time, representatives of all relevant disciplines contributed to an exhaustive work on this topic, addressing the following subjects:History | Botany | Biosynthesis | Breeding and Cultivation | Import | Supply chain | Quality Assurance and Quality Control | Pharmacology | Biopharmacy and Pharmacokinetics | Indications and Evidence of Pharmacotherapy | Risks and Side Effects | Driving Safety | Legal Status of Cannabinoid-containing Medicinal Products and Non-Medicinal Products | Case Studies from Selected European Countries | Dosage Forms and Ways of Administration | Forms of Consumption in Recreational Use | Identity Testing of Starting Materials | Manufacture of Magistral Preparations and Officinal Medicinal Products | Legal Status of Cannabis Prescriptions | Reimbursement and Price Calculation | Narcotics Documentation | Legal Framework Conditions of Care | Patient CounsellingThe concentrated expertise created a unique, comprehensive picture offering an unprecedented, consolidated scientific and legal framework of medical cannabis care. All facts have been conscientiously researched and meticulously reviewed. The result is a scientifically valid work setting new standards.For all those who deal with cannabis for professional or personal reasons, this exceptional book is indispensable.

Advising educational establishments on their rights and responsibilities as an Employer is an increasingly complex and specialist area; particularly with the drive towards academisation, multi-academy trusts and the ever-increasing legislative burden of safeguarding and governance.Based on both authors' extensive experience in this area, this text provides a practical approach to advising on employment issues for Schools of whatever variety, whether they be maintained, academies or independent. Aimed at all those advising clients in this sector, whilst also being a useful text for those primary advising employees in the sector as well, the text focuses on key issues unique to the sector; including:Who is the Employer?An examination of the different types of educational institutions and the intricacies unique to each.Disciplinary and misconduct issues - including safeguarding issues and the role of the barring authorities.Performance management including sickness absence; performance related pay and the statutory appraisal framework.Holiday Pay in the post Harpur Trust v Brazel world.TUPE in the Education Sector.Trade Union relations and Industrial Action.Pensions - an examination of key areas practitioners should be aware of in dealing with the Local Government Pension Scheme and Teachers' Pension Scheme, with particular reference to restructuring.ABOUT THE AUTHORSJonathan Holden is a Partner, National Head of Employment and Head of Education for Forbes Solicitors. He has specialised in Employment Law throughout his career. Jonathan has extensive experience in advising public sector institutions; and is a nationally recognised expert in advising on employment law issues within the education sector.James Barron is a Senior Associate within the Public Sector Employment Team within Forbes Solicitors. He has specialised in Employment Law and has advised all manner of different education settings throughout the entire period of his career.CONTENTSChapter One - Who Is the Employer?Chapter Two - Terms and ConditionsChapter Three - Safeguarding & Disqualification by AssociationChapter Four - Misconduct and DisciplineChapter Five - Performance ManagementChapter Six - Academies & TUPEChapter Seven - Trade Union Relations and Industrial ActionChapter Eight - Useful Sources of Information

Introducing ethically controversial (bio)technologies into the public healthcare system inevitably provokes societal and legal conflict. While it is often argued that these choices ought to comply with moral standards, the consideration of ethical and religious concerns raises a serious problem of legitimacy. By adopting the position that the state must act in an ethically neutral manner this book provides a critical legal analysis of the relationship between ethics and law and its implications for the public healthcare system. The ensuing examination combines a comparative, legal-constitutional perspective with the investigation of two case studies: preimplantation genetic diagnosis (PGD) and non-invasive prenatal testing (NIPT).

This book brings together leading authorities from the fields of international human rights law, criminology, legal medicine, and political science with international human rights judges and UN experts to analyze the current situation of detainees in Europe, the Americas and Africa.This comprehensive volume offers a platform for reflecting on the complexity of the prison problem from a multidisciplinary perspective. The authors address detention-related issues with the aim of generating new ideas that contribute to both academic discussion and critical analysis. Academic dialogue across the globe provides insights into various national and international carceral systems and how they deal with human rights behind bars. At the same time, the critical comparison helps to identify basic needs and practices that can work in multiple settings. The contributors are respected experts and leading scholars in their fields, and each has pursued prison and human rights research over the last decades. However, this is the first time that they have come together in a multidisciplinary academic project.   This book aims to stimulate diverse actors to imagine alternative ways of engaging with persons deprived of their liberty, in academia and in practice. 

Early years inspection handbook for Ofsted-registered provisionOfsted guidance on inspecting registered early years and childcare providers under the education inspection framework.Last update 15 December 2021.This handbook is primarily a guide for Ofsted inspectors on how to carry out inspections.- This version includes pages for notes taking.

I slutningen af 1800-tallet begyndte forskere at udvikle en række forskellige teorier om “det abnorme menneske”. Gennem alt fra Darwins evolutionsteori til den franske sindssygelæge Morels degenerationsteori om sindssyge og idioti forsøgte samfundet at kontrollere “de abnorme” ved på forskellige måder at indespærre dem og begrænse deres muligheder for ægteskab og reproduktion. “Da de åndssvage blev farlige” er en afhandling om den danske åndssvageforsorgs historiske udvikling. Gennem en undersøgelse af De Kellerske Anstalter i perioden 1884-1902 ser forfatteren på, hvilken betydning de forskellige teorier om “de åndssvage” har haft i samfundet.Birgit Kirkebæk (f. 1938) er en dansk forsker og debattør. Hun er oprindeligt uddannet folkeskolelærer, men blev efter en årrække ansat som lektor på Danmarks Pædagogiske Universitet. I 1993 forsvarede hun sin afhandling “Da de åndssvage blev farlige" om den historiske udvikling af åndssvageforsorgen i Danmark. Siden har hun udgivet en lang række bøger og artikler om samme emne.

Teri Rogers is the Founder and CEO of Breaking Stigmas Treatment Operation 501(c)3 Nonprofit Organization. She isalso, a Certified Peer Specialist and Advocate for individuals experiencing,Homelessness, Mental Health, Substance Abuse, and Women's Health issues. In May2018, Teri was featured as one of the two protagonists in the award-winning and highlyacclaimed documentary titled "Game Girls". This book gives insight to what it's like being homeless and on a mission to overcome Stigma.

Il presente lavoro analizza l'applicazione giudiziaria delle convenzioni e delle raccomandazioni dell'OIL nel caso colombiano, descrivendo la struttura dell'Organizzazione Internazionale del Lavoro, i suoi organi e meccanismi di controllo, nonché i mezzi di produzione normativa di questa organizzazione, identificando le convenzioni e le raccomandazioni in vigore in Colombia, stabilendo la loro gerarchia normativa, studiando l'appartenenza di queste convenzioni al blocco costituzionale e definendo i criteri guida per la loro applicazione in materia giudiziaria.