Levnedsmiddelteknologi

During a devastating nineteenth-century cholera outbreak, English physician John Snow proved that the deadly disease could hide in a drop of water. In the twentieth century, burgeoning cities would subdue cholera and typhoid by building massive filtration plants and bubbling poisonous gas through their drinking water. But in the new millennium, the demon of waterborne disease is threatening to reemerge, and the results could be catastrophic.In this fascinating, sobering account, Dr. Robert Morris depicts the epidemics that have shaken nations, celebrates the scientists who reached into the invisible and ultimately saved millions of lives, and sounds a timely warning we dare not ignore about the natural and man-made hazards present in the water we drink.

The first version of this book, Packaging Materials and Containers was published in 1967 and was revised extensively ten years later under the title The Packaging Media. Some thirty or so authors were involved in producing the initial texts for these books, and I must acknowledge their material, much of which is still valid. It is now thirteen years since The Packaging Media-high time to take stock and incorporate the considerable advances in materials, forms, techniques and machinery that have taken place. In 1977, wherever possible, we asked the original authors to carry out the revisions, but retirements and job changes have now eliminated over twenty of the original authors. We have therefore appointed an Editorial Board to advise on this more extensive revision, and I wish to thank them for their detailed and helpful assistance: Dr C. J. Mackson and Professor Y. Dagel for general comments and guidance on the overall plan and, in particular, the Introduction (chapter 1); Graham Gordon and Harri Mostyn for assistance with much of Part D on Distribution Packages, and Dennis Hine and Susan Selke for their work in respect of paperboard and plastics retail packaging, respectively. A major contribution was made by the seventh member of the Editorial Board, David Osborne, who advised in the area of glass.

This book provides an up-to-date overview of the economic, chemical, physical, analytical and engineering aspects of the subject, gathering together information which would otherwise be scattered over a wide variety of sources.

This new book is an in-depth appraisal of the key environmental, policy, legislative and political issues for packaging and packaged products. In examining the most important public and political issues concerning packaging, policy and the environment today, Levy and his group of international experts discuss responses and activities in different parts of the world. The book covers critical topics such as integrated product policy and sustainable development, impact of legislative developments and economic instruments, life cycle assessment of packaging, recovery and recycling of materials, integrated solid waste management, and packaging and environmental policies in North America, Europe, Japan, Australia, Brazil, and South Africa. 'Packaging, Policy and the Environment' explores the vital and essential role that environmentally responsible packaging must play in all societies.

Food Flavorings, Third Edition, is written for scientists and technologists in the flavor and food industries and provides a comprehensive review of the natural sources of flavor ingredients and the formulation, manufacture, and application of food flavorings. New to this edition are chapters on pharmaceutical and tobacco flavorings.

Thickening and gelling agents are invaluable for providing high quality foods with consistent properties, shelf stability and good consumer appeal and acceptance. Modern lifestyles and consumer demands are expected to increase the requirements for these products. Traditionally, starch and gelatin have been used to provide the desired textural properties in foods. Large-scale processing technology places greater demands on the thickeners and gelling agents employed. Modified starches and specific qualities of gelatin are required, together with exudate and seed gums, seaweed extracts and, most recently, microbial polysaccharides, to improve product mouthfeel properties, handling, and stability characteristics. These hydrocolloids have been established as valuable food additives as a result of extensive practical experience with different products. Nevertheless, the last few years have produced much additional research data from sophisticated new analytical methods. Information on the fine structure of these complex molecules has given a tremendous insight into the three-dimensional conformation of hydro- colloids and their behaviour in solution. Critical components within the biopolymer have been identified which provide particular thickening, suspending, stabilising, emulsifying and gelling properties. Contributions for this book have been provided by senior development managers and scientists from the major hydrocolloid suppliers in the US and Europe. The wealth of practical experience within this industry, together with chemical, structural and functional data, has been collated to provide an authoritative and balanced view of the commercially significant thickening and gelling agents in major existing and potential food applications.

The field of food colloids is concerned with the physical chemistry of food systems viewed as assemblies of particles and macromolecules in various states of supramolecular and microscopic organization. The objective is to relate the equilibrium and dynamic properties of the system to the inter­ actions amongst the constituent molecular and particulate entities. The emphasis is on structure and kinetics at the colloidal scale, and with the distribution of molecular food components (proteins, lipids, poly­ saccharides, etc.) between dispersed and continuous bulk phases (water, fat, air, etc.) and various kinds of interfaces (oil-water, air-water, etc.). Food products such as butter, cheese, ice-cream, margarine, mayonnaise of food colloids. and yoghurt are all examples This book describes some recent experimental and theoretical develop­ ments in the field of food colloids. By way of background, we start with a brief survey of the current consumer trends which may point the way towards future research opportunities in the field. Chapter 1 also attempts to illustrate the way in which advances in instrumental methods and experimental investigations of well-defined mixed protein-surfactant systems are offering new insights into the structure of protein adsorbed layers and the competitive adsorption of proteins in oil-in-water emulsion systems.

This is a completely revised and updated edition of the comprehensive and widely used survey of cereal technology. The first section describes the botany, classification, structure, composition, nutritional importantance and uses of wheat, corn, oats, rye, sorghum, rice and barley, as well as six other grains. The book also details the latest methods of producing, cleaning, and storing these grains. The second section of the book offers current information on the technological and engineering principles of feed milling, flour milling, baking, malting, brewing, manufacturing breakfast cereals, snack food production, wet milling (starch and oil production from grains), rice processing, and other upgrading procedures applied to cereal grains. This section also explains the value and utilization of by-products and examines many rarely discussed processing methods. In addition, the book provides reviews of current knowledge on the dietary importance of cereal proteins, lipids, fibre, vitamins, minerals, and anti-nutrient factors, as well as the effects of processing methods on these materials.

This is a single-volume source of information on the world's oilseeds including major, minor, unexploited and non-edible oilseeds. The book discusses composition, processing technologies and utilization, including current developments, in the processing of oilseeds into oil, protein products and other by-products. The authors present tabular data on nutritional composition and oil characteristics and discuss technologies for removing anti-nutritional and toxic compounds. Oil extraction processes are discussed, and novel uses of major crops are presented.

Water-soluble gums are beneficial in many fields, including food, agricul- ture, adhesives, biotechnology, ceramics, cosmetics, explosives, paper, tex- tiles and texturization, among many others. It is almost impossible to spend a day without directly or indirectly enjoying their qualities. This book on hydrocolloid applications is divided into two major portions. The first is devoted to a few important gelling and non-gelling gums, their sources, the raw materials from which they are manufactured, their structures, functions and properties, followed by their food applica- tions. The second part of the book details gums' industrial, non-food uses in a unique way: it assumes the reader's unfamiliarity with the many fields in which gums can be useful. It, therefore, provides a broad introduction to the development, technology and many aspects of gums' major non-food uses, as well as giving detailed explanations of where, when and how gums are incorporated into products in these industries. The text is also accom- panied by a detailed index, designed to help the reader locate information easily. I wish to thank the publishers for giving me the opportunity to write this book. Their patience is very much appreciated. I wish to thank my editor Camille Vainstein for working shoulder-to-shoulder with me when time was getting short and Dr Zippora Gershon for supporting me with references and good advice over the years.

This book resulted from many years of teaching engineering aspects of food tech­ nology at the Agricultural University ofWageningen, The Netherlands. In the course of those years the subject matter of teaching has been written down and placed at the student's disposal. The Dutch text has been reconsidered and revised several times. Eventually the question arose whether it would be advisable to transform and translate the text in order to transfer available knowledge and experience to others interested in the relatively new branch of food science that food process engineering is. This question has been answered in the affirmative. Up to now only a few books deal with food process engineering; some are rather superficial and evidently meant as introductory, other ones have in our opinion too much emphasis on chemical engineering and too little on food process engineering. We believe - and this will be elucidated at some length in the Introduction - that food process engineering is in many respects a very specific branch of engineering, allied to but certainly different from chemical engineering. We have always endeav­ oured to show similarities between various branches, stressing at the same time how­ ever the differences and explaining the why and wherefore of them. The present book illustrates this approach. It considers engineering, process en­ gineering and food process engineering as ranking in this order of rising importance.