Elektronik teknik

Dieses Buch gibt einen Überblick über die wichtigsten Bereiche zur Entwicklung und Konstruktion elektronischer Geräte, zusammengefasst unter dem Begriff Elektronik Design, und beginnt mit der Bereitstellung des Stromlaufplans.In zunehmendem Maße erfordert die Realisierung von Elektronik durch immer kleinere Bauelemente, die direkte Verarbeitung von Halbleiterchips, zunehmende Taktfrequenzen und Verlustleistungen interdisziplinäre Betrachtungen von Design, Technologien und Werkstoffen. Aus diesem Grund wurde den Darstellungen der Technologien größerer Raum gegeben.Die Kapitel sind so gestaltet, dass sie auch einzeln für sich gelesen werden können. Einige Inhalte sind in mehreren Kapiteln zu finden, da eindeutige Zuordnungen nicht immer möglich oder sinnvoll sind.

Covers the chemistry and physics of conjugated polymers, and how they can be designed and optimised for various electronic applications.

This book first discusses cyber security fundamentals then delves into security threats and vulnerabilities, security vigilance, and security engineering for Internet of Everything (IoE) networks. After an introduction, the first section covers the security threats and vulnerabilities or techniques to expose the networks to security attacks such as repudiation, tampering, spoofing, and elevation of privilege. The second section of the book covers vigilance or prevention techniques like intrusion detection systems, trust evaluation models, crypto, and hashing privacy solutions for IoE networks. This section also covers the security engineering for embedded and cyber-physical systems in IoE networks such as blockchain, artificial intelligence, and machine learning-based solutions to secure the networks. This book provides a clear overview in all relevant areas so readers gain a better understanding of IoE networks in terms of security threats, prevention, and other security mechanisms.

This book constitutes the proceedings of the 27th Annual Conference on Medical Image Understanding and Analysis, MIUA 2023, which took place in Aberdeen, UK, during July 19¿21, 2023.The 24 full papers presented in this book were carefully reviewed and selected from 42 submissions. They were organized in topical sections as follows: Image interpretation; radiomics, predictive models and quantitative imaging; image classification; and biomarker detection.

This monograph explores the analysis and design of model-free optimal control systems based on reinforcement learning (RL) theory, presenting new methods that overcome recent challenges faced by RL.  New developments in the design of sensor data efficient RL algorithms are demonstrated that not only reduce the requirement of sensors by means of output feedback, but also ensure optimality and stability guarantees.  A variety of practical challenges are considered, including disturbance rejection, control constraints, and communication delays.  Ideas from game theory are incorporated to solve output feedback disturbance rejection problems, and the concepts of low gain feedback control are employed to develop RL controllers that achieve global stability under control constraints.Output Feedback Reinforcement Learning Control for Linear Systems will be a valuable reference for graduate students, control theorists working on optimal control systems, engineers, and applied mathematicians.

Networks are pervasive. Very large scale integrated (VLSI) systems are no different, consisting of dozens of interconnected subsystems, hundreds of modules, and many billions of transistors and wires. Graph theory is crucial for managing and analyzing these systems. In this book, VLSI system design is discussed from the perspective of graph theory. Starting from theoretical foundations, the authors uncover the link connecting pure mathematics with practical product development. This book not only provides a review of established graph theoretic practices, but also discusses the latest advancements in graph theory driving modern VLSI technologies, covering a wide range of design issues such as synchronization, power network models and analysis, and interconnect routing and synthesis.Provides a practical introduction to graph theory in the context of VLSI systems engineering;Reviews comprehensively graph theoretic methods and algorithms commonly used during VLSI product development process;Includes a review of novel graph theoretic methods and algorithms for VLSI system design.

The textbook presents basic concepts of signals and systems in a clear manner, based on the author's 15+ years of teaching the undergraduate course for engineering students. To attain full benefit from the content, readers should have a strong knowledge of calculus and be familiar with integration, differentiation, and summation operations. The book starts with an introduction to signals and systems and continues with coverage of basic signal functions and their manipulations; energy, power, convolution, and systems; Fourier analysis of continuous time signals and digital signals; Laplace transform; and Z transforms. Practical applications are included throughout. The book is also packed with solved examples, self-study exercises, and end of chapter problems.

Electrochemical Energy Storage Technologies Beyond Li-ion Batteries: Fundamentals, Materials, Devices focuses on an overview of the current research directions to enable the commercial translation of electrochemical energy storage technologies. The principles of energy storage mechanisms and device design considerations are introduced, along with advances in candidate materials and their path to commercialization and industrialization. Electrochemical energy storage technologies reviewed include rocking chair batteries, metal-air batteries, redox flow batteries, fuel cells, and supercapacitors. This book is suitable for materials scientists and chemists in academia and industry. It may also be of interest to physicists and energy scientists and practitioners.

Upconversion Nanocrystals for Sustainable Technology provides an overview of the current research directions in upconverting nanocrystals and their role in the development of sustainable technologies. This book focuses on the development of low-cost, nontoxic, and energy-efficient upconverting nanocrystals for a wide range of applications. It reviews size control synthesis techniques of nanostructured materials in different dimensions, size-dependent properties, and the relationship between material properties and performance. This book discusses the use of upconversion materials for lasers, display, lighting, energy, and biomedical applications-with a focus on the use of these materials to develop more sustainable technologies. This book is suitable for new entrants in academia and R&D with a scientific background in materials science and engineering, chemistry, and chemical engineering.

Manufacturing from Industry 4.0 to Industry 5.0: Advances and Applications unfolds establishing three main pillars: (i) it investigates the theoretical background of the current industrial practice within the framework of industry 4.0 by presenting its key definitions and backbone technologies; (ii) it discusses the methods and state-of-the-art developments employed in the ongoing digital transformation of companies worldwide to promote more resilient, sustainable, and human-centric smart manufacturing and production networks; and (iii) it outlines a strategic plan for the transition from industry 4.0 to industry 5.0. Written by an international group of expert scientists, this volume offers an overview of the most recent research in the field and provides actionable insights to benefit audiences in both academia and industry.

Handbook of Robotic Surgery serves as a primer covering the main areas of knowledge in robotic surgery. This comprehensive book provides essential information on all aspects related to robotic surgery, from the present up to the future. The discussion presented in sections ranges from the historical background of robotic surgery up to more recent and future technological innovations such as remote controls, surgically distant collaboration, simulators, modern surgical robotics, fluorescence-guided surgery, and virtual reality. The book also contains sections dedicated to the safety conditions in surgery and patient protection, which will be suitable for surgeons, health professionals, biomedical engineering professionals, healthcare administrators, and students. There are specific chapters for all areas in which robotic surgery has been used in daily clinical practice or is under development.

Biotechnological Production of Bioactive Phytochemicals of Medicinal Value: A Comprehensive Treatise covers a broad variety of methods for secondary metabolites production (both pharmaceuticals and cosmeceuticals), compiling state-of-the-art material about the current knowledge of in vitro production for a large number of bioactive phytochemicals. Plants are a source of bioactive compounds and specialty chemicals such as ginsenosides; paclitaxel, artemisinin, veregen and nutraceuticals. Biopharmaceuticals are important in human healthcare, and herbal actives are gaining importance all over the world. With natural resources dwindling, in vitro production of secondary compounds on a commercial scale is being more and more required. Besides providing an alternative technology to bypass difficulties, the plant tissue culture (used in a broad sense to include cell, tissue, and organ culture) offers many advantages. In vitro technology also facilitates novel means of conserving the genetic diversity of the germplasm of medicinal plants through cryopreservation, production of novel compounds through biotransformation, somatic hybridization, and selective gene transfer through recombinant DNA technology for enhancing metabolite production.

Fundamentals and Biomedical Applications of Chitosan Nanoparticles holistically covers the development and application of chitosan nanoparticles, providing an accessible and interdisciplinary resource for both those new to the field and those who wish to deepen their knowledge. The book begins with an introduction to synthesis methods, fundamental chemistry, characterization, and surface functionalization of chitosan nanoparticles, guiding the reader through each stage of development. A wide range of biomedical applications are explored, from vaccine delivery, tumor targeting, tissue engineering, and wound healing and antimicrobial therapy. This will be a helpful guide for postgraduate students and researchers who are starting out in this field, as well as established researchers in the fields of materials science, nanotechnology, materials chemistry, and bioscience.

Hot Embossing: Theory of Microreplication, Second Edition presents the current state-of-the-art in microreplication, with a focus on hot embossing, nanoimprint, thermoforming, and roll-to-roll replication. Polymer processing, the theory of polymers and the processing of polymers are discussed in detail. The book contains in-depth analysis of processing processes and replication techniques, including mold fabrication. Monitoring, data analysis and reliability of molded parts is also discussed. In this updated edition, new processes are included, such as the process of micro- and nanothermoforming to generate 3D structures and the hot pulling processes to generate hierarchical structures with high aspect ratios. Based on hot pulling, "Nanofur? for Oil-water-separation is a large-scale biomimetic application. Upscaling, especially the seamless roll-to-roll replication, is also explored. The book is designed to cover the entire workflow for a seamless lithographic sleeve. This new edition marks a substantial update of the previous edition, incorporating several new chapters. It is an important resource for materials scientists and engineers working in the areas of micro- and nanofabrication.

Enhancing NOx Removal with Fractional Controller is a comprehensive guide for researchers, engineers, and practitioners working in the field of diesel engine exhaust emissions control. The author of this book is, an experienced researcher and expert in the area of control systems engineering.The book provides a detailed analysis of the NOx removal efficiency from diesel engine exhaust using a fractional order-based LQR-PI¿ controller. It discusses the challenges faced in controlling the NOx emissions from diesel engines, which have become a significant environmental concern due to their adverse impact on air quality and human health.The book presents a novel approach based on fractional calculus and the LQR-PI¿ controller to improve the NOx removal efficiency. The theoretical concepts and the practical implementation of the proposed method are explained in detail, along with simulation results and experimental validation.Furthermore, the book provides an in-depth understanding of the underlying principles of fractional calculus and the LQR-PI¿ controller, making it a valuable resource for students and researchers new to the field. The author's expertise and extensive research experience are evident in the clarity and depth of the content presented in the book.Overall, Enhancing NOx Removal with Fractional Controller is an essential reference for anyone interested in the development and implementation of control strategies for diesel engine exhaust emissions control, with a specific focus on NOx removal efficiency.

The book focuses the latest endeavors relating researches and developments conducted in fields of control, robotics, and automation. Through ten revised and extended articles, the present book aims to provide the most up-to-date state-of-the-art of the aforementioned fields allowing researcher, Ph.D. students, and engineers not only updating their knowledge but also benefiting from the source of inspiration that represents the set of selected articles of the book.The deliberate intention of editors to cover as well theoretical facets of those fields as their practical accomplishments and implementations offers the benefit of gathering in a same volume a factual and well-balanced prospect of nowadays research in those topics. A special attention toward ¿Intelligent Robots and Control¿ may characterize another benefit of this book.

This book showcases the state of the art in the field of electronics, as presented by researchers and engineers at the 54th Annual Meeting of the Italian Electronics Society (SIE), held in Noto (SR), Italy, on September 6¿8, 2023. It covers a broad range of aspects, including: integrated circuits and systems, micro- and nano-electronic devices, microwave electronics, sensors and microsystems, optoelectronics and photonics, power electronics, electronic systems and applications.

This book covers the new field of straintronics, using strain switched nanomagnets for extremely energy-efficient computing, information processing, communication, and signal generation. Based on well-established CMOS technology, traditional electronics have two significant shortcomings: excessive energy dissipation and volatility, which is the inability to retain information after power has been switched off. Straintronics is more energy-efficient and non-volatile (but also more error-prone), allowing it to eclipse traditional electronics in niche areas that are increasingly attracting attention, such as image processing and probabilistic computing, computer vision, machine learning, neuromorphic networks, probabilistic computing, and belief networks. Magnetic Straintronics: An Energy-Efficient Hardware Paradigm for Digital and Analog Information Processing introduces straintronics and the technology's myriad applications for researchers, engineers, and scientists in electrical engineering, physics, and computer engineering.

From smart sensors to cloud integration and the world of TinyML, this book is your comprehensive guide to the IoT ecosystem, using the ESP32 and industry-standard tools and technologiesKey Features:Build IoT projects from scratch using ESP32Customize solutions, take them to cloud, visualize real-time data, implement security featuresPractice using a variety of hands-on projects such as an audio player, smart home, and moreBook Description:ESP32, a low-cost and energy-efficient system-on-a-chip microcontroller, has become the backbone of numerous WiFi devices, fueling IoT innovation. This book offers a holistic approach to building an IoT system from the ground up, ensuring secure data communication from sensors to cloud platforms, empowering you to create production-grade IoT solutions using the ESP32 SoC.Starting with IoT essentials supported by real-world use cases, this book takes you through the entire process of constructing an IoT device using ESP32. Each chapter introduces new dimensions to your IoT applications, covering sensor communication, the integration of prominent IoT libraries like LittleFS and LVGL, connectivity options via WiFi, security measures, cloud integration, and the visualization of real-time data using Grafana. Furthermore, a dedicated section explores AI/ML for embedded systems, guiding you through building and running ML applications with tinyML and ESP32-S3 to create state-of-the-art embedded products.This book adopts a hands-on approach, ensuring you can start building IoT solutions right from the beginning. Towards the end of the book, you'll tackle a full-scale Smart Home project, applying all the techniques you've learned in real-time.Embark on your journey to build secure, production-grade IoT systems with ESP32 today!What You Will Learn:Explore ESP32 with IDE and debugging tools for effective IoT creationDrive GPIO, I2C, multimedia, and storage for seamless integration of external devicesUtilize handy IoT libraries to enhance your ESP32 projectsManage WiFi like a pro with STA & AP modes, provisioning, and ESP Rainmaker framework featuresEnsure robust IoT security with secure boot and OTA firmware updatesHarness AWS IoT for data handling and achieve stunning visualization using GrafanaEnhance your projects with voice capabilities using ESP AFE and Speech RecognitionInnovate with tinyML on ESP32-S3 and the Edge Impulse platformWho this book is for:If you are an embedded software developer, an IoT software architect or developer, a technologist, or anyone who wants to learn how to use ESP32 and its applications, this book is for you.A basic understanding of embedded systems, programming, networking, and cloud computing concepts is necessary to get started with the book.Table of Contents:Introduction to IoT development and the ESP32 platformUnderstanding the Development ToolsUsing ESP32 PeripheralsEmploying Third-Party Libraries in ESP32 ProjectsProject - Audio playerUsing Wi-Fi Communication for ConnectivityESP32 Security Features for Production-Grade DevicesConnecting to Cloud Platforms and Using ServicesProject - Smart HomeMachine Learning with ESP32Developing on Edge ImpulseProject - Baby Monitor

Mastering Microsoft Excel : a Comprehensive Guide is a comprehensive and user-friendly book that aims to help readers become proficient in using Microsoft Excel 2022. Whether you are a beginner or an experienced user, this book provides step-by-step instructions and practical examples to enhance your Excel skills. From basic functions to advanced formulas, data analysis, and automation, this guide covers all the essential features and techniques of Excel 2022.With a clear and concise writing style, this book offers a structured approach to learning Excel 2022. Each chapter focuses on a specific topic, providing explanations, examples, and exercises to reinforce your understanding. You will learn how to create and format spreadsheets, use formulas and functions effectively, analyze data using charts and pivot tables, and automate tasks with macros and VBA programming. Additionally, this guide covers the latest features and updates in Excel 2022, ensuring that you stay up-to-date with the software's capabilities.Whether you are a student, professional, or business owner, mastering Microsoft Excel 2022 is essential for improving productivity and making informed decisions. This comprehensive guide equips you with the knowledge and skills needed to navigate Excel with confidence. By the end of this book, you will have a solid foundation in Excel 2022 and be able to leverage its powerful features to streamline your work and achieve your goals.

This book highlights issues related to the organization and improvement of the efficiency of training system in technical operation of radio-electronic equipment currently used in civil aviation. The increasing intensity of air traffic around the world leads to a quantitative increase in old problems and the emergence of qualitatively new ones that can only be solved by trained people, whose training process should be carried out on a systematic basis. Modern approaches to improving the human resources potential of civil aviation, as a rule, are based only on modernizing the management mechanisms of the training system. One of the main advantages of this book is the unique integrated approach to building a system for training aviation personnel in the field of technical operation of radio-electronic equipment and air traffic control, which consists in taking into account various factors that affect the training of specialists, promising areas of development of civil aviation based on the analysis of various guidance documents and the construction of mathematical models that give a qualitative assessment of existing methods and the proposed new methodology. The book contains a large amount of visual illustrative material showing the existing structure of the system of training in the field of civil aviation.

The book is devoted to design and optimization of control units represented by combined finite state machines (CFSMs). The CFSMs combine features of both Mealy and Moore FSMs. Having states of Moore FSM, they produce output signals of both Mealy and Moore types. To optimize the circuits of CFSMs, we propose to use optimization methods targeting both Mealy and Moore FSMs. The book contains some original synthesis and optimization methods targeting hardware reduction in VLSI-based CFSM circuits. These methods take into account the peculiarities of both a CFSM model and a VLSI chip in use. The optimization is achieved due to combining classical optimization methods with new methods proposed in this book. These new methods are a mixed encoding of collections of microoperations and a twofold state assignment in CFSMs. All proposed methods target reducing the numbers of arguments in systems of Boolean functions representing CFSM circuits. Also, we propose to use classes of pseudoequivalent states of Moore FSMs to reduce the number of product terms in these systems.The book includes a lot of examples which contributes to a better understanding of the features of the synthesis methods under consideration.   This is the first book entirely devoted to the problems associated with synthesis and optimization of VLSI-based CFSMs. We hope that the book will be interesting and useful for students and PhD students in the area of Computer Science, as well as for designers of various digital systems. We think that proposed CFSM models enlarge the class of models applied for implementation of control units with modern VLSI chips.  

This book gives readers the tools to craft AI systems that don't just thrive today, but endure sustainably into the future. Whether a trailblazer or an aspiring innovator, this book enables readers to resonate with the ambitions of software developers, data scientists, and AI practitioners. The author covers the latest techniques and best practices for energy efficiency, reducing carbon footprints, and ensuring fair and ethical AI. The book also addresses important issues such as AI governance, managing risks, and ensuring transparency. Topics covered include understanding the relationship between AI and sustainable development, strategies for building efficient AI systems, and ethical considerations in AI development, among others. The author includes case studies of companies and organizations that have successfully implemented sustainable AI software development practices. Therefore, this book will be of interest to AI practitioners, academics, researchers, and lecturers in computer science, artificial intelligence, machine learning and data sciences.

A subtle change that leads to disastrous consequences-hardware Trojans undoubtedly pose one of the greatest security threats to the modern age. How to protect hardware against these malicious modifications? One potential solution hides within logic locking; a prominent hardware obfuscation technique. In this book, we take a step-by-step approach to understanding logic locking, from its fundamental mechanics, over the implementation in software, down to an in-depth analysis of security properties in the age of machine learning. This book can be used as a reference for beginners and experts alike who wish to dive into the world of logic locking, thereby having a holistic view of the entire infrastructure required to design, evaluate, and deploy modern locking policies.

This book provides readers with the current state-of-the-art research and technology on quantum computing. The authors provide design paradigms of quantum computing. Topics covered include multi-programming mechanisms on near-term quantum computing, Lagrange interpolation approach for the general parameter-shift rule, architecture-aware decomposition of quantum circuits, software for massively parallel quantum computing, machine learning in quantum annealing processors, quantum annealing for real-world machine learning applications, queuing theory models for (Fault-Tolerant) quantum circuits, machine learning for quantum circuit reliability assessment, and side-channel leakage in Suzuki stack circuits.

This book presents advances in security assurance for cyber-physical systems (CPS) and report on new machine learning (ML) and artificial intelligence (AI) approaches and technologies developed by the research community and the industry to address the challenges faced by this emerging field.Cyber-physical systems bridge the divide between cyber and physical-mechanical systems by combining seamlessly software systems, sensors, and actuators connected over computer networks. Through these sensors, data about the physical world can be captured and used for smart autonomous decision-making.This book introduces fundamental AI/ML principles and concepts applied in developing secure and trustworthy CPS, disseminates recent research and development efforts in this fascinating area, and presents relevant case studies, examples, and datasets. We believe that it is a valuable reference for students, instructors, researchers, industry practitioners, and related government agencies staff.