Konstruktionsteknik

This book is a compilation of selected papers from the 5th International Petroleum and Petrochemical Technology Conference (IPPTC 2021). The work focuses on petroleum & petrochemical technologies and practical challenges in the field. It creates a platform to bridge the knowledge gap between China and the world. The conference not only provides a platform to exchanges experience but also promotes the development of scientific research in petroleum & petrochemical technologies. The book will benefit a broad readership, including industry experts, researchers, educators, senior engineers and managers.

With the increased rate of socio-economic activities due to fast-growing population and urbanization, disasters especially earthquakes, even today lead to large-scale destruction and loss of life. Urbanisation and rapid development of cities depend upon their location in regard to ecology, geology, demographic structure, economic opportunities and land use pattern. Thus, with people moving towards urban centers, the scale of risk and vulnerability is ever increasing. In developing countries like India, the socio-economic setup of cities becomes imbalanced mainly due to unauthorised construction taking place, lack in the enforcement of guidelines and forcing the poor to live in the most vulnerable areas within it.

On January 15, 2018 at 11:49, the west pylon of the cable-stayed Chirajara Bridge collapsed during construction of the bridge girder. The collapse led to the total destruction of the pylon, together with the erected span of the bridge girder. Authorities reported nine fatalities resulting from the collapse.In this case study, the findings of the detailed investigation into the failure mechanism of the bridge are reported. In addition, selected drawings used for construction, geotechnical aspects, and deficiencies in the bridge design are presented, together with observations made during site visits and interviews with relevant parties.

The seismic resilience of new and existing structures is a key priority for the protection of human lives and the reduction of economic losses in earthquake-prone areas. The modern seismic codes have focused on the upgrade of the structural performance of the new and existing structures. However, in many cases, it is preferable to mitigate the effects of earthquakes by reducing the induced loads in the structures using seismic isolation and response control devices. The limited expertise in the selection and design of the appropriate system for new and existing structures is the main challenge for the extensive use of seismic isolation and response control systems in practice.This document aims to provide a practical guide by presenting a collection of the most commonly used seismic isolation and response control systems and a critical evaluation of the main characteristics of these systems. Comparisons of the key parameters of the design processes for new buildings with seismic isolation are presented, while the application of seismic isolation systems and response control systems for the retrofitting of existing structures is also examined, followed by various case studies from Greece, Japan, Mexico, New Zealand, and Turkey.

Recent Trends in Cold-Formed Steel Construction, Second Edition focuses on the application and use of this important construction material. In this updated edition, new chapters take on these developments, offering updates on cutting-edge new technologies and design methods for using cold-formed steel as a structural material and providing technical guidance on how to design and build sustainable and energy-efficient cold-formed steel buildings. Sections introduce codes, specifications and design methods, provide computational analysis of cold-formed steel structures, examine the structural performance of cold-formed steel buildings, and review thermal performance, acoustic performance, fire protection, floor vibrations and blast resistance. Over the last few years, there has been major breakthroughs for cold-formed steel design with modular building applications now becoming more widely accepted. Other scientific developments include research on system reliability applications, AI machine learning, and the use of high strength steel, as well as new connection methods and changes in DSM codes.

This book highlights recent advancements and innovations in trenchless technology via the adoption of combined micro-tunnelling and pipe-jacking techniques. This technique is more environmentally friendly, cost effective, less time-consuming and less disruptive compared to conventional open trench excavations for urban construction and urban infrastructure renewal projects. Pipe jacking is a non-destructive technique used in the installation of underground pipelines using a tunnel boring machine (TBM) and thrust forces derived from the hydraulic jack set-up in a deep jacking shaft. It is popular and commonly used worldwide for the installation of sewer and common services cable tunnels as well as for oil and gas pipelines.

This book focuses on learning and adapting nonlinear geometry tool in rock engineering through fractal theories, hypotheses, algorithm, practical understandings, and case studies. Understanding self-similarity and self-affinity is a prerequisite to the fractal model in rock mechanics. The book aims to provide a guide for the readers seeking to understand and build nonlinear model by fractal algorithm. The book is motivated by recent rapid advances in rock engineering in China including application of fractal theory, in addition to percolation theory. It is an essential reference to the most promising innovative rock engineering. Chapters are carefully developed to cover (1) new fractal algorithms (2) five engineering cases. This authored book addresses the issue with a holistic and systematic approach that utilizes fractal theory to nonlinear behavior in rock engineering.The book is written for researchers interested in rock and geological engineering as well as organizations engaged in underground energy practices.

This book contains the materials of the Conference "Construction and Development: Life Cycle-2020" (CDLC-2020), held at Chuvash State University, Russia. The content of this volume is devoted to improving methods for calculating building structures, strengthening them and assessing their suitability for use, monitoring buildings, improving building technologies, geotechnics, energy efficiency of building envelopes and energy systems, introducing new structures and materials, and economic assessment of construction. It also consists of test data for load-bearing building structures. This volume will prove to be a valuable resource for those in academia and industry.

Mining is essential for extracting natural resources. However, it is costly, potentially dangerous if poorly managed, and is perceived by some to be an environmentally unfriendly process. This book provides a comprehensive overview of mining technology with case examples and research. Chapters discuss a diversity of topics, including sonic drilling, quality assessment of rock bolts, block cave mine ventilation, microwave radar surveillance, safety management of tailings, and monitoring radon gas in underground mines.

Structural vibration control is designed to suppress and control any unfavorable vibration due to dynamic forces that could alter the performance of the structure. Although many vibration control schemes have been investigated so far, additional questions involving their practical application remain to be studied. This book provides the reader with a comprehensive overview of the state of the art in vibration control and safety of structures, in the form of an easy-to-follow, article-based presentation that focuses on selected major developments in this critically important area.

The fifth edition of this textbook has been completely revised and significantly extended in order to reflect the revolution of geodetic technologies, methods and applications during the last decade. The Global Geodetic Observing System established by the IAG utilizes a variety of techniques to determine the geometric shape of the earth and its kinematics, the variations of earth rotation, and the earth's gravity field. The societal importance of geodetic products was highlighted by the UN resolution on the Global Geodetic Reference Frame. In this context, both space and terrestrial techniques play a fundamental role. Recent space missions are monitoring climate-relevant processes such as mass transport in the Earth system and sea level changes. The analysis of the time variation of the geodetic products provides the link to neighboring geosciences and contributes to proper modelling of geodynamic processes. New satellite mission concepts and novel technologies such as quantum gravimetry and optical clocks show great potential to further improve the geodetic observing system in the future. The book especially addresses graduate students in the fields of geodesy, geophysics, surveying engineering, geomatics, and space navigation. It should also serve as a reference for geoscientists and engineers facing geodetic problems in their professional work. The book follows the principal directions of geodesy, providing the theoretical background as well as the principles of measurement and evaluation methods, which is enriched with numerous figures. An extensive reference list supports further studies.

This book is a compilation of selected papers from the 1st Belt and Road Webinar Series on Geotechnics, Energy and Environment, March - May 2021. The book comprises selected research related to advances in geo-environmental engineering. Topics covered include rock mechanics, sustainable materials, frozen soils, geotechnical innovations in megacities. The research is related to the sustainable infrastructure development for countries in China's Belt and Road Initiative. The contents of the volume will prove useful to researchers and professionals working in geotechnical and geological engineering domains.

This book provides a timely review on recent advancements in rock-filled concrete dam: a new type of dam originated from Tsinghua University in China. It covers historical overview of the development, filling process of high performance self-compacting concrete, mechanical and physical properties of rock-filled concrete, design of rock-filled concrete gravity dams and arch dams, as well as construction and quality control specifications. The book is intended for researchers, practicing engineers and graduate students who are interested in fundamental research and engineering design principles of rock-filled concrete dams. Successful insights gained from more than 120 rock-filled concrete dams completed or under construction in China are presented in this book, which can be useful references for all readers.

This edited book is based on the papers accepted for presentation during the 2nd Springer Conference of the Arabian Journal of Geosciences (CAJG-2), Tunisia, in 2019. Major subjects treated in the book include geomorphology, sedimentology, and geochemistry. The book presents an updated unique view in conjugating field studies and modeling to better quantify the process-product binomial unusual in geosciences. In the geomorphology section, 24 papers deal with topics related to fault slip and incision rates, soil science, landslides and debris flows, coastal processes, and geoarcheology, and geoheritage. Under the sedimentology section, 34 papers including stratigraphy, and environmental, tectonic, and diagenetic processes, together with evolutionary, biostratigraphic, and paleo-environmental significance of paleontology are presented. Additionally, this section also contains papers on marine geosciences, from molecular proxies related to climate to geophysical surveys. Last but not least, the third section on geochemistry is composed of 26 papers that are focused on sedimentary geochemistry and mineralogical characterization, magmatic and metamorphic processes and products, and the origin and exploration of mineral deposits. This book resumes the current situation related to the abovementioned topics mainly in the Mediterranean realm. The volume book is of interest to all researchers, practitioners, and students in the fields of geomorphology, sedimentology, and geochemistry, as well as those engaged in environmental geosciences, soil science, stratigraphy and paleontology, geoarcheology and geoheritage, marine geosciences, petrology, metallogenesis, and mineral deposits.