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Managing solid waste is one of the biggest challenges in urban areas around the world. Technologically advanced economies generate vast amounts of organic waste materials, many of which are disposed of in landfills. In the future, efficient use of carbon-containing waste and all other waste materials must be increased to reduce the need for virgin raw materials acquisition, including biomass, and reduce carbon emissions to the atmosphere, mitigating climate change. Moreover, expeditious development in information and communications technology (ICT) has made the machines more powerful and efficient, but at the same time, there is a simultaneous decrease in product life leading to an extensive rise in the annual production of e-waste, or electronic waste. Considering the health hazards and environmental implications of e-waste, it has become a global problem that needs serious attention. The Handbook of Research on Safe Disposal Methods of Municipal Solid Wastes for a Sustainable Environment covers waste management principles and strategies in different fields and corresponding applications. The book also focuses on the waste management strategies for a sustainable environment that have emerged. Covering key topics such as waste, energy, and recycling, this premier reference source is an excellent resource for environmentalists, government officials, researchers, scholars, academicians, practitioners, instructors, and students.

This interdisciplinary book incorporates various aspects of environment, ecology, and natural disaster management including cognitive informatics and computing. It fosters research innovation and discovery on basic science and information technology for addressing various environmental problems, while providing the right solutions in environment, ecology, and disaster management. This book is a unique resource for researchers and practitioners of energy informatics in various scientific, technological, engineering, and social fields to disseminate original research on the application of digital technology and information management theory and practice to facilitate the global transition toward sustainable and resilient energy systems. Cognitive informatics is also the need of the hour and deals with cutting-edge and multidisciplinary research area that tackles the fundamental problems shared by modern informatics, computation, software engineering, AI, cybernetics, cognitive science, neuropsychology, medical science, systems science, philosophy, linguistics, economics, management science, and life sciences, which this book also presents.

This book is designed with the objective of studying microalgae and its application in the widest sense. Microalgae offer various inherent advantages as they are capable of accumulating lipids (20¿70%), and able to aid with the production of pigments, carbohydrates, and proteins. The book comprehensively covers microalgae isolation techniques, their cultivation, and wastewater treatment by microalgae as well as the impact on biomass, lipid extraction, biofuel, and utilization of residual biomass focusing on biorefinery approach. The volume discusses the conversion of defatted oiled microalgae biomass for different applications. Acknowledging these challenges, this book discusses the limitations, outcomes, and economic aspects

Treatment and Utilization of Combustion and Incineration Residues introduces state-of-art strategies for combustion and incineration solid residue management and utilization. The book also reviews current technologies for pollutant removal and control of combustion and incineration residues. Recycling ashes and slags in sustainable construction materials are also evaluated on environmental impacts and engineering values, and the use of different ashes and slags in cement clinker production is classified based on the sources and properties of the residues. In addition, the recovery of valuable metals and inorganic elements is also discussed.Finally, the book examines the latest understanding of reaction mechanisms of various treatment technologies, the future design of treatment technologies, and the actualization of sustainable management for combustion/incineration residues.

This book targets to earth scientists and engineers, in particular students, researchers, managers, and practitioners, who are interested in mining engineering, environmental engineering, green coal mining, sustainable water resource management, and effective measures to balance mine safety and ecological conservation.In the disciplines of mine hydrogeology and mining engineering, there have always been difficulties in the theoretical interpretation of the changes in the physical and hydraulic characteristics of water resisting strata during coal seam mining. In the past 10 years, the authors studied the relevant contents by using the methods of physical simulation, numerical simulation, field test and mining practice of similar materials, so as to understand the internal relationship between the stratigraphic sedimentary characteristics of the mining area and the occurrence mechanism of mine water disaster. On the premise of analyzing and studying the stratigraphic sedimentary environment in the mining area in detail, it is of great significance for the realization of "coal water" dual resource mining in the mining area to divide the types of roof water disaster in the mining area and study the formation mechanism of mine water disaster caused by different rock formation combinations and mining methods.

This book contains research papers presented at the 7th International Conference on Civil Engineering, which was held in Singapore from 24-26 March 2023. Significant results contained in the book show the importance of technology in solving engineering issues throughout the world. Highlighted topics include climate change, disaster relief, resilience, pollution control and management techniques for construction, mitigation and adaptation. Many techniques are utilized in a variety of contexts to solve engineering and urban management problems in both developed and developing countries.This volume consists of refereed submissions authored by a wide variety of international researchers and practitioners from many perspectives discussing emerging issues in civil and environmental engineering. Practical solutions to worldwide issues in hazard mitigation, pollution control, transportation infrastructure and energy production are emphasized. The chapters provide an in-depth look at current issues in these areas of engineering that should benefit interested individuals at all levels of expertise.

Environmental Metagenomics, Water Quality and Suggested Remediation Measures of Polluted Waters: A Combined Approach is a reference handbook for scientists, engineers and early-career researchers seeking guidance in the areas of water quality and remediation studies. The comprehensive book, which includes case studies and applications from a range of contributors in the field, offers an essential resource in the science of water quality assessment.

This book is devoted to innovative structural materials for multi-materialization. It is based on results of a 10-year national project, The Innovative Structural Materials Research and Development Project, which was carried out in Japan, aimed at reducing the weight of materials (steel, aluminum alloys, magnesium alloys, titanium alloys, thermoplastic CFRP, carbon fiber) and components used in transportation equipment such as automobiles. In this project, collaborative research in a total of nine fields including materials, joining, and structural designing was also carried out in order to realize multi-materials. This book is compiled with the aim of handing down the technical and academic results obtained through these research and development activities to the next generation of researchers and students.This book enables material engineers and researchers in the field of materials related to transportation equipment, graduate students in various technical fields, and engineers and researchers belonging to material users to grasp the full picture of material development and multi-materials technologies. For the understanding of engineers and researchers who will work on multi-materials, this book explains the current state of technology and science in each field and explains the innovative results obtained by research in each field.

This book discusses the latest advancements in the area of biofuel development. It covers extensive information regarding different aspects and types of biofuels. The book provides a road map of the various different kinds of biofuels available for consideration, including both conventional and advanced algal based biofuels, replete with the economic analysis of their production and implementation. The contributors are experienced professors, academicians and scientists associated with renowned laboratories and institutes in India and abroad.  This book is of interest to teachers, researchers, biofuel scientists, capacity builders and policymakers. Also the book serves as additional reading material for undergraduate and graduate students. National and international scientists, policy makers will also find this to be a useful read.

This book features a collection of high-quality and peer-reviewed papers from 2022 13th International Conference on Environmental Science and Technology, which was held in Shandong, China, during October 21¿23, 2022. ICEST is held annually as a platform for presentation of new advances and research results in the fields of Environmental Science and Technology. This year, we focus on the theme: Environmental Protection and Sustainable Development. With the continuous development of human society, environmental problems are becoming more and more serious. How to realize the rational use of resources, realize the sustainable development of ecological environment, and protect the environment on which human beings live has become an urgent problem to be solved. Based on the conference theme this year, the presentations include the topical areas of environmental sustainability, environmental restoration, waste minimization, solid waste management, water pollution control, water treatment and reclamation, air pollution control, carbon capture and storage and environmental monitoring, etc.

This book discusses new and innovative trends and techniques in the application of nanotechnology to industrial wastewater treatment both at a laboratory scale and an industry scale, including treatment, remediation, sensing and pollution prevention. The book also explores unique physicochemical and surface properties of nanoparticles; it highlights advantages they provide for engineering applications. Each chapter covers a different nanotechnology-based approach and examines basic principles, practical applications, recent breakthroughs and associated limitations. Nanotechnology applications to wastewater research have significant impact in maintaining the long-term quality, availability and viability of water. Regardless of the origin¿for example, municipal or industrial wastewater¿the remediation nanotechnology allows water to be recycled and desalinized in addition to simultaneously detecting biological and chemical contamination.The book describes a broad area of nanotechnology and water research where membrane processes (nanofiltration, ultrafiltration, reverse osmosis and nanoreactive membranes) are considered key components of advanced water purification and desalination technologies that remove, reduce or neutralize water contaminants. Various nanoparticles and nanomaterials that could be used in water remediation (zeolites, carbon nanotubes, self-assembled monolayers on mesoporous supports, biopolymers, single-enzyme nanoparticles, zero-valent iron nanoparticles, bimetallic iron nanoparticles and nanoscale semiconductor photocatalysts) are also discussed.This book is beneficial for students and academicians to understand the recent research advancements in the field.

This book covers latest information on organic and inorganic waste management, and how the waste can be utilized as an energy source. An increasing world population and climate change rate hint that environmental health needs a sustainable waste recycling system worldwide. Management of wastes material plays a substantial role in the environment and climate regulation. Chapters contain modern tools and techniques for managing inorganic, biomedical, municipality, and food waste. The title covers the role of contemporary microbiology and biotechnological tools in waste management and how these microbial agents can enhance waste degradation and bioenergy production. The book covers interesting topics such as bio-ethanol production from agro-waste, microbial fuel cells, biogas production from animal waste, nanotechnology in waste recycling, etc. The primary audiences are researchers, scientists, students, and policymakers interlinked with waste management and applied microbial sectors.¿

This book offers an overview of the gasification process as a crucial thermochemical method for addressing the problem of plastic waste. The authors explore various strategies to minimize post-consumer plastic waste and provide a detailed analysis of one of the most promising methods for converting it into high-value products. The chapters reports on the gasification process and its potential for transforming plastic waste into energy and valuable resources. Readers will learn about methods for reducing plastic waste and treating them using the gasification process. Thermochemical processes for upcycling plastic waste into products with higher value, such as chemicals, fuels, and advanced materials are also covered in this book.

The world is faced with a growing number of complex and interconnected challenges. Water is among the top 5 global risks in terms of impacts, which would be far reaching beyond socio-economic challenges, impacting livelihoods and wellbeing of the people.As freshwater resources and population densities are unevenly distributed across the world, some regions and countries are already water scarce. Water scarcity is expected to intensify in regions like the Middle East and North Africa (MENA), which has 6% of the global population, but only 1% of the world's freshwater resources. Climate change adds to this complexity as it is leading to rainfall uncertainty and extended droughts periods, mostly in arid areas.Increasing water scarcity is now recognized as a major cause of conflict, social unrest and migration and at the same time water is increasingly considered as an instrument for international cooperation to achieve sustainable development. Tapping and assessing sustainably every available option in water-scarce areas is needed as pressure continues to build on limited water resources.The stark fact is that conventional water provisioning approaches relying on snowfall, rainfall and river runoff are not enough to meet growing freshwater demand in water-scarce areas. Water-scarce countries need a radical re-think of water resource planning and management that includes the creative exploitation of a growing set of viable but unconventional water resources for food production, livelihoods, ecosystems, climate change adaption, and sustainable development. Unconventional water resources are generated as a by-product of specialized processes; need suitable pre-use treatment; require pertinent on-farm management when used for irrigation; or result from a special technology to collect/access water.

This is an open access book. In view of growing conflicts over strategic georesources, the use of the geological subsurface in the sense of a regional resource is becoming increasingly important. In this context, georeservoirs are playing an important role for the energy transition not only as a source of energy but also as a storage facility and deep geological disposal for energy waste. The success of the energy transition also depends to a large extent on the efficient and safe use of underground resources.This book complements the previous basic book (GeomInt¿Integrity of Host Rocks) with a series of application examples in different rock formations, clay, salt, and crystalline. The methodology developed in GeomInt is used, among others, in the Mont Terri underground research laboratory (Opalinus Clay), in the large borehole test in Springen (salt rock) and in the ¿Reiche Zeche¿ teaching and research mine (crystalline rock). In addition, new methodological developments are also taken up in experiments and models and embedded in workflows for geotechnical system analyses. The present book summarizes the results of the collaborative project ¿GeomInt2: Geomechanical integrity of host and barrier rocks - experiment, modeling and analysis of discontinuities¿ within the program: Geo Research for Sustainability (GEO: N) of the Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF).

This book covers sustainable recycling processes (e.g. physical, biological, chemical, and thermo-chemical) of multiple organic solid wastes, provides methods for material recycle of wastes into value-added products including fuels and commodity chemicals that are able to be directly applied to promote manufacturing processes. Aimed at improving the awareness of effective conversion protocols and for developing innovative biomass conversion processes, this text was conceived as a collection of studies on state-of-art techniques and know-how for production of biofuels and chemicals from sustainable recycling of organic solid wastes.  Topics in the text are discussed in terms of addressing recent advances, assessing and highlighting promising new methods or new technological strategies and direct conversion of organic solid wastes to process feeds. Highly-recognized authorities, experts and professionals have contributed individual chapters in selected areas to cover the overall topic in a comprehensive manner.  

In 2010 extensive flooding caused property damage and loss of life in Alcorn County in the city of Corinth, Mississippi. Historic drainage districts established at the turn of the 20th century were reactivated to establish responsibility for maintenance of the neglected flood control drainage canals. This is Volume 2 of the compiled newsletters published during the years 2011-2013 by the Bridge, Phillips and Elam Drainage Districts.

This volume presents select proceedings of the International Conference on Innovative Technologies for Clean and Sustainable Development (ICITCSD ¿ 2021), held at the National Institute of Technical Teachers Training & Research and Chitkara University, Himachal Pradesh, India. It covers several important aspects of sustainable civil engineering practices, dealing with effective waste and material management, natural resources, industrial products, energy, food, transportation and shelter, environmental impact mitigation, waste minimization and management, sustainable infrastructure, and geospatial technology for sustainable and clean environment. Emphasis is placed on conserving and protecting the environment and the natural resource base essential for future development. The book includes case studies and ongoing research work from various fields related to civil engineering presented by academicians, scientists, and researchers. The book also discusses engineering solutions to sustainable development and green design issues. Special emphasis is given on qualitative guidelines for the generation, treatment, handling, transport, disposal, and recycling of wastes. The book is intended as a practice-oriented reference guide for researchers and practitioners. It will be useful for anyone working in sustainable civil engineering and related fields.

This book focuses on recent developments in the field of two-dimensional nanomaterials for environmental applications. Due to their high surface area and tunable surface chemistry, two-dimensional nanomaterials are currently garnering great interest for environmental remediation applications. This book compiles contributed chapters from active international researchers dealing with the development of state-of-the-art two-dimensional nanomaterials in environmental applications such as water and wastewater treatment, adsorption, photocatalysis, membrane separation, desalination, deionization, environmental pollutants sensing/detection, carbon-dioxide capture and catalytic conversion, microbial treatment, and electrochemical remediation. Each chapter provides an essential and comprehensive overview of the recent advances in material development and application, giving special attention to preparation methods, tunning of physiochemical properties, surface and interface chemistry, structural porosity, assemblies integration for fabrication of devices, and their relationship with overall efficiency. It offers a valuable reference guide for environmental and materials scientists, engineers, and policymakers working towards environmental sustainability.

The valuable characteristics of animal waste materials in terms of climatic change impact and bioenergy production are discussed in this book. Reutilization of such wastes for bioenergy harvest is the prime focus; the great need for future animal waste recycling is also depicted.Major topics discussed are types of livestock waste ¿ poultry and dairy, methods and management of waste utilization and storage, application of animal waste in bioenergy production, economics of waste utilization, novel disposable techniques, circular bioeconomy, pollution, and water quality. Furthermore, utilization of animal waste for resource conservation and environmental protection is discussed, such as potential materials for green biochemicals. Resource recovery can, therefore, forestall the shortage of natural resources and, at the same time, can greatly reduce waste-disposal problems and energy crises. Many alternatives to waste disposal, either currently available or under study, focus on the recovery of material or energy. In a world of diminishing resources and increasing needs, each opportunity for the recycling of animal waste materials has been examined.This book significantly contributes toward climate change mitigation through better environmental solutions. A better understanding of animal waste recycling to mitigate climate changes has been portrayed in order to generate discussions among researchers and administrators. Environmental implications of animal waste are of prime importance in climate change scenario. Such wastes also harbor zoonotic pathogens that are transported in the environment.Finally, it has been tried out to collect ideas and experience in multiple aspects of animal waste management for climate change mitigation and bioenergy harvest.

This book comprises select proceedings of the International Conference on Trends and Recent Advances in Civil Engineering (TRACE 2022). The book focuses on the latest research works carried out in the area of water resources and transportation engineering. Various topics covered in this book include technological intervention and solution for smart and sustainability in water resources and transportation infrastructure, crop protection, resilience to disaster like flood, hurricane, and drought, traffic congestion, transport planning, green and intelligent transportation infrastructure, etc. The book is useful to researchers and practitioners working in the areas of civil engineering, water resources, and transportation engineering.

This is an open access book. It gathers the proceedings of the 18th Global Conference on Sustainable Manufacturing, held on October 5-7, 2022, as a hybrid event, in/from Berlin, Germany. With a focus on manufacturing advances and practices driving the circular economy, the chapters selected for this book report on sustainable manufacturing technologies for the mobility, energy and construction sector, and for machines and equipments, covering applications of artificial intelligence and industry 4.0. Moreover, they discuss energy-efficient process, waste reuse, and CO2 neutral production, giving a special emphasis to developing sustainable manufacturing in emerging countries. This book offers extensive and timely information for both researchers and professionals in the field of manufacturing and business development.

PART - XI : WATER MICROBIOLOGY - GENERAL INFORMATION - PART - XII : MICROBIOLOGICAL EXAMINATION - SAMPLING PROCEDURE - PREPARATION OF MEDIA AND LABORATORY TECHNICS - PART - XIII : DRINKING WATER MICROBIOLOGY - PART - XIV : SWIMMING POOL WATER MICROBIOLOGY - PART - XV : INDUSTRIAL WATER MICROBIOLOGY - PART XVI - AQUATIC BIOLOGY (FRESH WATER BIOLOGY) PART - XVI : CLASSIFICATION AND IDENTIFICATION OF MICRO-ORGANISMS - PART - XVII : NUISANCE ORGANISMS - WATER TREATMENT PRACTICE - PART - XVIII : POTABLE WATER TREATMENT - PART - XIX : INDUSTRIAL WATER TREATMENT - QUALITY CRITERIA OF WATER - PART - XX : QUALITY CRITERIA OF WATER FOR DRINKING AND OTHER DOMESTIC USES - PART - XXI : QUALITY CRITERIA OF WATER FOR INDUSTRIAL USES - PART - XXII : QUALITY CRITERIA OF WATER FOR IRRIGATION AND LIVESTOCK WATERING.Useful to the fraternity comprising water treatment and water supply engineers, water chemists, water microbiologists, environmental engineers, sanitary engineers, operating personnel, executives, consultants and to firms and other professionals who are engaged in water treatment and pollution control, to fishery scientists, and to all wet processing industries.Chemical-Publishing Company

This book summarizes the advanced sustainable trends in removing toxic pollutants by environmental and biotechnological processes from both industrial wastewater and sewage wastewater. The book also provides an assessment of the potential application of several existing wastewater bioremediation techniques and introduces new cutting-edge technologies. Among other valuable information covered, here are the methods, procedures, materials (especially low-cost materials originating from industrial and agricultural waste), management of wastewater containing toxic pollutants, and valorization possibilities of waste resulting from the removal of toxic pollutants from wastewater.Tonnes of hazardous waste pollutants released by industries are a challenge worldwide. With the ever-growing population and shrinking landfill areas, managing the disposal of pollutants is a matter of severe concern. Industrial wastewater treatment, recycling, and reuse are serious issues in today¿s context, not just to protect the environment from pollution, but also to conserve water resources so that water stress is reduced.This book is designed for engineers, scientists, and other professionals and serves as a good summary of the current state-of-the-art and innovative research challenges to control pollution for coming generations.

This book identifies emerging technologies that allow the reuse and regeneration of industrial wastewater with innovative and applied approaches throughout the wastewater treatment cycle. Today, it is increasingly clear that treated urban wastewater, whose reuse has become an important component of long-term water management worldwide, is a key source of chemical pollutants and emerging biological concerns. Current water-quality guidelines for reclaimed wastewater predominantly address the risks associated with the presence of microbial organisms and chemical parameters such as biological oxygen demand, chemical oxygen demand, E. coli and worms, and in some cases heavy metals; however, they are insufficient for the full evaluation of risks. The global growth of population is concentrated in urban areas; therefore, most of the challenges and solutions related to wastewater reside in urban treatment plants. Unless wastewater management and wastewater governance processesare significantly improved within a decade, it is likely that our societies will face severe and prolonged water insecurity and urban floods.The application of sustainable technologies can eliminate or minimize micro-contaminants in wastewater. Several organizations focus on the potential impacts to humans and their environments by wastewater reuse. This book gathers new research and reviews work from researchers and scientists to identify the main barriers and limitations that will need to be overcome, so that wastewater reuse strategies gain more momentum and will be adopted more efficiently worldwide.The book is designed for engineers, scientists, and other professionals who are seeking an excellent introduction to and basic knowledge of the principles of environmental bioremediation technologies.