Materialelære

Ziel des Forschungsvorhabens war die Entwicklung von flüssigkeitsgefüllten Hohlfasern (LCF) zur Herstellung von Garnen für Funktionstextilien mit stoßdämpfenden Eigenschaften. DasGrundprinzip des Dämpfungseffektes ist bionisch inspiriert und basiert auf den Struktur-Eigenschaftsbeziehungen der Pampelmusenschale, welche aus einer offenporigen schaumartigen Zellstruktur besteht, die aus hohlen miteinander verbundenen flüssigkeitsgefüllten Stegen gebildet wird. Zur Entwicklung der Hohlfasern wurden Pampelmusenschalen mittels Lichtmikroskopie analysiert und die Erkenntnisse auf gefüllteHohlfasern übertragen.Nach der bionischen Übertragung fand die Prozessentwicklung zur Herstellung von flüssigkeitsgefüllten Hohlfasern statt. Dies beinhaltete die Entwicklung eines Flüssigkeitsdosiersystems für die Integration der flüssigen Kernkomponente. Das Polymer fürden Fasermantel wurde mittels Doppelschneckenextruder einer Bikoschmelzspinnanlage gefördert. Ein besonderer Fokus bei der Entwicklung der flüssigkeitsgefüllten Hohlfasern lag auf der Konstruktion der Spinndüse. Hierzu wurden Spinndüsenkonzepte aus anderen Forschungsvorhaben und die daraus resultierenden Erfahrungen genutzt, um eine neue Spinndüsenkonstruktion zu entwickeln. Als Mantelpolymere wurde nach einem Screeningeine PP-Type und eine PE-Type als Polymere für den Fasermantel und raffiniertes Sojaöl als Kernkomponente ausgewählt. Neben den ölgefüllten Hohlfasern wurden noch zusätzlich ungefüllte Hohlfasern sowie Vollfasern aus den Mantelpolymeren hergestellt. Zum Verschließen der Faserenden wurde ein Prozess entwickelt, bei dem Faserbündel mit heißen Schneidwerkzeugen verschlossen und geschnitten wurden. Die hergestellten Fasern wurden Textilien weiterverarbeitet. Die Fasern wurden mittels Lichtmikroskopie analysiert und deren Spannungs-Dehnungsverhalten im Zugversuch untersucht. Zur Analyse derDämpfungseigenschaften wurde ein spezieller Prüfstand entwickelt und die Textilien hinsichtlich ihrer Dämpfungseigenschaften geprüft. Die gefüllten Hohlfasern zeigten dabei tendenziell bessere Dämpfungseigenschaften als die Vergleichsfasern. Im Anschluss erfolgte die Übertragung, wobei die Textilien in Form von Demonstratoren repräsentativ für zwei Produktkategorien (Handschuhe und Protektoren) angewendet wurden.

Scaffold bone replacements are a safe and effective way to cure bone abnormalities, and porous scaffolds can be manufactured using additive manufacturing technology. When scaffolds are implanted in a damaged location, they quickly connect to the host tissue and integrate, stimulating bone production and development. The qualities of porous titanium must be matched to the properties of human bones (i.e., age, sex, and hormones). Using subtractive manufacturing, it is extremely difficult to create the complicated porous structure necessary for the desired characteristic. The Handbook of Research on Advanced Functional Materials for Orthopedic Applications highlights current research pertinent to the orthopedic applications of additive-produced scaffolds in order to consider the latest breakthroughs in the synthesis and multifunctional applications of scaffolds. Covering key topics such as tissue, additive manufacturing, and biomaterial, this major reference work is ideal for industry professionals, engineers, researchers, academicians, practitioners, scholars, instructors, and students.

This book offers a timely snapshot of innovative research and developments at the interface between design, manufacturing, materials, mechanical and process engineering, and quality assurance. It covers various manufacturing processes, such as grinding, milling, broaching, and gear machining, including additive manufacturing, vibrational-centrifugal strengthening, laser-ultrasonic surface hardening, and antifriction coatings. It focuses on computer and numerical simulation, mathematical and integrated process modeling, parametric synthesis, virtual prototyping, automatic control, design of manufacturing, mechanical and mechatronics systems. It describes innovative cutting and abrasive processes and combined technologies. It also covers the formation, strengthening, and thermomechanical rolling. It also investigates the temperature field behavior, thermal stability, wear resistance, and other processes of various materials. Gathering the best papers presented at the 5th GrabchenkösInternational Conference on Advanced Manufacturing Processes (InterPartner-2023), held on September 5¿8, 2023, in Odessa, Ukraine, this book provides a comprehensive and up-to-date examination of design, manufacturing, mechanical, materials, and process engineering, as well as quality assurance trends and technologies. Yet, it also aims at fostering international and interdisciplinary communication and collaborations, offering a bridge between the academic and industrial sector.

This book presents selected, peer-reviewed proceedings of the 3rd International Conference on Material, Machines and Methods for Sustainable Development (MMMS2022), held in the city of Can Tho, Vietnam, from 10 to 13 November 2022. The purpose of the conference is to explore and ensure an understanding of the critical aspects contributing to sustainable development with a focus on advanced mechanical engineering, automation, materials, machines and methods. The contributions published in this book come from authors representing universities, research institutes and industrial companies and reflect the results of a very broad spectrum of research, from micro- and nanoscale materials design and processing, to mechanical engineering technology in industry. Many of the contributions selected for these proceedings focus on materials modeling, eco-material processes and mechanical manufacturing.Volume 1 of this book focuses on topics dedicated to advanced materials and manufacturing technologies, ranging from synthesis of new materials to sustainable development manufacturing technology.

This book reviews work that covers everything from basic chemistry to advanced applications. Chitin and chitosan are used in a plethora of applications from wastewater treatment to prosthetics. After introducing the subject of polysaccharides as a whole, the authors turn to the preparation of chitin and chitosan and the characterization of the latter. The book provides information on chitin chemistry, extraction of chitin, chitosan preparation processes, and the applications of their derivatives in various fields. Among the applications that are included in detail are the adsorption of heavy metals for pollution prevention and clean-up, biosensors, cosmetics, various medical applications from anti-tumor activity to bone tissue engineering, agriculture and food production, and proton exchange membranes for fuel cells.Chitin and Chitosan features:*  information on molecular structure, synthesis, properties, and latest research related to chitin and chitosan;*  coverage of a wide range of topics from the properties of chitosan to its derivatives and applications;*  in-depth information on biomedical applications of chitin and chitosan; and*  information that can be applied to other biopolymer processing engineering areas.This book will be of interest to practitioners working in a wide variety of industries for which chitin and chitosan are useful materials, researchers in biosensors and heavy-metal adsorption, and to academic researchers investigating the properties, preparation, and uses of these materials.

This handbook comprehensively covers the rapidly evolving field of power generation using triboelectric nanogenerators. Since their emergence in 2012, triboelectric nanogenerators have experienced fast development both in fundamental science aspects and technological innovations resulting in a plethora of outstanding applications and commercial opportunities in e.g. micro-nano energy systems, self-powered sensors, blue energy, and high-voltage power sources.The Handbook of Triboelectric Nanogenerators provides an indispensable overview of the state of the art in the field. It begins with a review of the physical and technological fundamentals and provides detailed coverage of triboelectric nanogenerators for cutting-edge applications from wearable electronics and medical implants to smart home sensing devices and human¿machine interfacing.Edited and authored by active researchers in the field, the handbook offers a wealth of information for applied physicists and chemists, as well as materials scientists and engineers. In addition, mechanical and electronic engineers working in the fields of energy scavenging, power sources, and sensor-related application development will benefit greatly from the technical information presented in this groundbreaking reference work.

Das Verständnis der Physik von Festkörpern hat im letzten Jahrhundert enorme Fortschritte gemacht und unser tägliches Leben in vielerlei Hinsicht revolutioniert. Diese Entwicklung geht weiter, und es besteht kaum ein Zweifel daran, dass die moderne Festkörperphysik notwendig ist, um einige der Herausforderungen zu bewältigen, denen wir uns heute gegenübersehen. In seiner 6., überarbeiteten Auflage deckt das Werk ein breites Spektrum physikalischer Phänomene ab, die in Festkörpern auftreten, und erörtert grundlegende Konzepte zu deren Beschreibung. Das Material ist so ausgewählt, dass alle relevanten aktuellen Teilgebiete einbezogen werden und zusammen einen umfassenden Überblick bieten. Eine Besonderheit dieses Lehrbuches ist, dass die Physik ungeordneter Festkörper, die üblicherweise meist nur sehr kurz oder gar nicht dargestellt wird, konsequent in die Behandlung des Stoffes einfließt und die Physik der idealen Kristalle ergänzt. Ungeordnete Festkörper sind in unserem täglichen Leben allgegenwärtig und spielen in zahlreichen technischen Anwendungen eine wichtige Rolle. Das Lehrbuch richtet sich an Studierende, die Festkörperphysik auf einführendem und fortgeschrittenem Vorlesungsniveau studieren wollen.

This book provides information on the characteristics, strategies and applications of layered materials. It sheds light on layerdness-dependent properties of Van der Waals solids for potential applications. The properties of various layered materials prepared using different experimental strategies are described. Further, the first-principles calculations are given to devise a strategy to investigate layeredness in materials. The structural, thermal, mechanical, lattice vibronic, electronic, optical and carrier transport characteristics of the layered materials are elaborated in detail. This book provides an updated source of information on layered materials for students, researchers, and professionals.

The book contains a comprehensive and interdisciplinary study in the field of plasma recovery of substandard CHP (Combined Heat and Power) turbine blades. The advantages and disadvantages of recovery methods are presented, as well as the traditional methods that are used in production, and the latest technical advances.Keywords: Turbine Blades, Energy Efficiency, Productivity, Types of Failures, Mathematical Description of Dynamic Processes, Quality Indicators for Blades of Complex Geometry, Steam and Gas Turbines, Recovery of the Phase Structure, Gas-Air Path of the Plasmatron

The book presents 81 papers referring to the properties and applications of technologically important materials. Topics covered include material characterization, environmental impact, probabilistic assessment, failure analysis, vibration analysis, AI-based predictions, conceptual models, thermo-mechanical properties, numerical models, design and simulation, industrial performance and failure analysis.

The book presents practical and theoretical works on superplasticity in metals and ceramics, on deformation mechanisms, on processes to obtain large ultrafine-grained structures, on advanced characterization techniques, and on hot deformation of advanced materials. Key papers focus on (1) processing of metallic alloys for achieving exceptional superplastic properties, (2) high-pressure sliding (HPS) processes, (3) in-situ neutron and synchrotron methods, and (4) ultra-severe plastic deformation.