Energiteknik

Hybrid Nanofluids for Application in the Chemical and Petroleum Industry covers the basics of hybrid nanofluids in heat transfer processes as well as their applications in the chemical and petroleum industries. This book begins with a detailed overview of the thermo-physical and optical properties of hybrid nanofluids, before covering the application of the heat-transfer enhancement in heat exchangers, CO2 absorption/regeneration, and metal extraction/stripping operations. It also covers the applications of hybrid nanofluids and heat transfer enhancement in the petroleum industry, as well as recent advances and challenges involved in nanofluid applications in industrial processes. The detailed interrelation of nanofluids’ properties and performance enhancement mechanisms in the various chemical and petroleum processes are also reviewed. This book is written for advanced undergraduate and postgraduate students and researchers in the fields of nanotechnology and chemical engineering, executive engineers, government workers in manufacturing, chemical and biomedical industry, or R&D laboratories working on nanotechnology and chemical processes.

Biorefinery: A Sustainable Waste Management Solution for the Developing World presents a comprehensive introduction to the new field of biorefinery as a sustainable waste management solution. With an emphasis on developing economies, the book explains how to develop sustainable methods for the collection, sorting, storage, and processing of waste streams for the production of fuels and platform chemicals. The first four chapters introduce the theoretical framework for the analysis of the various waste streams for bioenergy production, with an emphasis in developing countries. These introductory chapters are followed by a thorough examination of specific waste streams for bioenergy production, addressing every known waste feedstock in detail. Subsequent chapters explain biorefinery concepts for these waste feedstocks, addressing different biorefinery approaches, as well as considering important topics like pretreatment, microorganisms, and value-added products in dedicated chapters. Finally, the book discusses the policies, economics, and strategies for waste management and waste valorization.

Biofuels and Sustainability: Life-cycle Assessments, System Biology, Policies, and Emerging Technologies presents the current progress and challenges related to the sustainability of biofuels. Addressing a wide range of issues, the book examines the methods and technologies, policies for sustainable biofuels, impacts of advanced fuels, recent advances, and future research prospects. Reflecting new developments, emphasis is given to new biological/biochemical approaches that offer the most efficient, cost-effective, and sustainable strategies for biofuel production. Divided into five parts, the first provides an overview of biofuels, the need for alternate fuels, carbon footprints, life cycle assessments, environmental aspects, various generations of biofuels, biofuel production from lignocellulosic material, and artificial intelligence in biofuel production. Part 2 examines the various methods and technologies for biofuels production, with case studies from the USA, UK, and Brazil. Part 3 explores the policies for sustainable biofuels, including current standards, with applications from the USA, European Union, Asia, and Africa. Part 4 analyses the impacts of advanced fuels in the decarbonization of transport, climate change mitigation, sustainable agriculture, and water resources, with perspectives from developed and developing countries. Finally, Part 5 critically reviews the recent advances and future research prospects related to termites, insects, metabolic engineering, microorganisms, and bioreactors.

This book provides a single-source reference for any reader requiring basic and advanced information on wide bandgap semiconductors and related design topics. Focusing on practicability, it explains the principles of GaN and SiC semiconductors, manufacturing, characterization, market and design for key applications.

This collection is focused on industrial energy sustainability and CO2 management, including processes that improve energy efficiency and reduce or eliminate industrial GHG emissions. Topics address technology areas such as clean energy technologies, innovative beneficiation, smelting technologies, process intensification, as well as CO2 capture and conversion for industrial applications. Areas of interest include, but are not limited to:· Decarbonizing Materials Processing· Use of low carbon fuels, feedstock, and renewable energy resources for materials processing.· Emerging processes and techniques for industrial CO2 capture, conversion/upgrade· CO2 and other GHG reduction metallurgy in ferrous, non-ferrous and reactive metals processing, including rare-earth metals.· Energy Efficiency & Industrial Electrification· Electrification of industrial process heat and electrified production of energy carriers (e.g., hydrogen, ammonia)· Energy efficiency improvements for materials processing and smart manufacturing for optimized process control· System integration and thermal integration of process heat, waste heat recovery, and other technologies for industrial energy efficiency· Sustainability Analysis· Techno-economic life-cycle, resource efficiency and circular economy modeling of energy-intensive processes and associated material supply chains· The role of energy education and regulation in energy and materials sustainability

Given the limitations of state-of-the-art methods, this book presents a state of health (SOH) forecasting method that is suitable for lithium-ion battery (LIB) systems in real-world battery electric vehicle operation. Its histogram-based features can capture the higher operational variability compared to constant and controlled laboratory operation. Also, the transferability of a trained machine learning model to new LIB cell types and new operational domains is investigated. The presented SOH forecasting method can be provided as a cloud service via a web or smartphone app to fleet managers. Forecasting the SOH enables fleet managers of battery electric vehicle fleets to forecast and plan vehicle replacements.

Das Buch widmet sich populären Musikdiskursen aus einer interdisziplinären diskurslinguistischen und korpuspragmatischen Perspektive. Es wird die Frage gestellt, wie Phänomene, die als schwer benennbar oder auch als unsagbar gelten, mit Worten beschrieben und bewertet werden: Musik und Klang nämlich, sowie ihr ästhetisches Erleben und ihre kulturelle Bedeutung. Ca. 13.500 Musikrezensionen unterschiedlicher Genres zwischen Pop und Klassik werden vor diesem Hintergrund untersucht. Zentrum des Interesses ist die Art und Weise der sprachlich-diskursiven Konstituierung musikalisch-ästhetischer Diskursobjekte und Kategorien im Verhältnis zum Metadiskurs der Unsagbarkeit von Musik. Das Augenmerk richtet sich dabei auf die Spezifik des diskursiven Sprach- und Zeichengebrauchs, vor allem in Kollokationen, nominalen Wortverbindungen und attributiven Clustern. Die Korpusanalysen zeigen erstmals empirisch, wie Musik im Diskurs mit sprachlichen Mustern, sprachlicher Kreativität und Dichte verwoben ist, wenn über musikalische Eigenschaften und klangliche Eigenheiten gesprochen bzw. geschrieben wird. Die Ergebnisse geben nicht zuletzt Aufschluss über das Verhältnis von Musterhaftigkeit und Diversität im Sprachgebrauch.

This book presents papers submitted at 32nd International Conference on Organization and Technology of Maintenance (OTO 2023) held on December 12, 2023, at Osijek, Republic of Croatia.The objective of this conference is to promote, standardize, and support efforts to gain new knowledge in areas that are intimately tied to technical and social systems and where maintenance of any kind is of utmost importance. By bringing together experts from various fields, this conference aims to foster collaboration and the exchange of ideas, ultimately leading to advancements in both technical and social systems. Additionally, it seeks to create a platform for discussing best practices and innovative approaches in maintenance, ensuring the sustainability and efficiency of these systems in the long run. Furthermore, the upkeep of technological and social systems, along with their accessibility and dependability, significantly influences the long-term sustainability and economic feasibility of their functioning. Periodic and condition-based maintenance are integral components of the various systems, influencing their operational efforts and outcomes. By providing a space for professionals to exchange ideas and experiences, this platform facilitates the identification and implementation of cutting-edge maintenance strategies. Moreover, it recognizes the importance of addressing emerging challenges such as digitalization and environmental impact in order to ensure the continued effectiveness of these systems.Conference topics will address maintenance challenges in the areas of machine design, maintenance technologies in general, organization and management of maintenance proposals and procedures, quality management in system maintenance, information systems, product life cycle management, design for maintainability, material and structural properties, diagnosis and prediction of failures and breakdowns, design optimization for maintenance, analysis of maintenanceefficiency and cost-effectiveness, civil, mechanical and electrical engineering, etc.

This book contains the proceedings of the 10th International Conference on Energy Engineering and Environmental Engineering (ICEEEE2023) that was held on August 6-8 2023 in Singapore. ICEEEE2023 is organized by Beijing Jiaotong University and Newcastle University. This book provides an international forum for discussion and communication of energy and environmental engineering.It is expected to report the latest technological developments in the fields developed by academic researchers and industrial practitioners, with a focus on renewable energy technologies and systems, energy efficiency and conservation, environmental pollution and control, sustainable development, and green cities. The contents of this proceedings will be useful to researchers, professionals, and policymakers alike.

This book explores the relationship between gender inequality and the energy business, examining how gender relates to the process of producing energy, the management of energy companies, and the consumption of energy in the public and private sphere. Drawing on a wide range of examples, from Africa, South Asia, Latin America and Europe, it examines how clean energy targets can transform the experience of women in the workplace, creating new opportunities and challenges. This book knits together a variety of voices probing continuing and emerging gender inequality in energy, from a number of perspectives, geography, energy dimensions, environment, socio-political and economic contexts. Its multidimensional approach provides a textured analysis of women¿s experiences in the energy landscape, and proffers solutions for addressing the universality, yet contextually disparate impacts, of patriarchy and its intersections with another strands of inequality. It will be of great interest to academics studying energy capitalism, energy production, consumption, public policy and gender studies, as well as those practitioners and policymakers in the energy industry and relating to gender and equality in the workplace.

This volume gathers the latest advances, innovations, and applications in the field of wind engineering, as presented by leading international researchers and engineers at the XVII Conference of the Italian Association for Wind Engineering (IN-VENTO), held in Milan, Italy on September 4¿7, 2022. It covers highly diverse topics, including aeroelasticity, bluff-body aerodynamics, boundary layer wind tunnel testing, computational wind engineering, structural dynamics and reliability, wind-structure interaction, flow-induced vibrations, wind modeling and forecast, wind disaster mitigation, and wind climate assessment. The contributions, which were selected by means of a rigorous international peer-review process, highlight numerous exciting ideas that will spur novel research directions and foster multidisciplinary collaboration among different specialists.

This volume highlights the latest advances, innovations, and applications in the field of agricultural technologies engineering, as presented by leading international researchers and engineers at the 15th International Congress on Agricultural Mechanization and Energy in Agriculture (ANKAgEng), held in Antalya, Turkey on October 29 ¿ November 1, 2022. It covers a diverse range of topics such as machinery and energy systems, agriculture information technologies, digital-smart agriculture, ergonomics, health & safety, system engineering, post-harvest technologies & process engineering, sustainable agriculture, natural resources & environmental systems, plant, animal & facility systems, agricultural engineering education and biosystems engineering. The contributions, which were selected by means of a rigorous international peer-review process, present a wealth of exciting ideas that will open novel research directions andfoster multidisciplinary collaboration among different specialists.

Verantwortung ist zum Schlüsselbegriff evangelischer Ethik geworden. Trotzdem ist die Ambivalenz der Zurechnung von Verantwortung - auch durch Ethik selbst - kaum reflektiert worden. Um dies nachzuholen, bearbeitet der Band praxissoziologische und imaginationstheoretische Kategorien für die Selbstreflexion evangelischer Ethik. Das ermöglicht es, Verantwortung als soziale Praxis zu verstehen. Die Ambivalenz dieser Praxis wird untersucht, indem systematisch der Mehrwert des Verantwortungsbegriffs insbesondere gegenüber dem Pflichtbegriff herausarbeitet wird. Dann werden Imaginationen diskutiert, die der Verantwortungsbegriff in Diskursen vor allem evangelischer Ethik konnotiert. Abschließend wird der Ansatz einer ambivalenzsensiblen, selbstreflexiven Ethik freier Verantwortung entwickelt, die endliche und fehlbare Verantwortungsübernahmen im Horizont des Unverantwortbaren orientieren soll. Der Band schlägt evangelischer Ethik einen konkreten Verantwortungsbegriff vor, zeichnet Linien der Begriffsgeschichte nach, lotet die Ambivalenzen von Verantwortungspraktiken imaginationstheoretisch aus und entwickelt Kategorien und Orientierungen für den Verantwortungsgebrauch, die gerade für Materialethiken hochrelevant sind.

Well Integrity for Abandoned Well Re-entries addresses well integrity and operational risks that accompany the benefits of using an old and abandoned wellbore by providing it a second chance to perform. Re-entering an abandoned well provides new life to an old wellbore by reducing the need for drilling new wells. This, in turn, reduces emissions footprint, drilling waste, and costs for some wells. The book covers well integrity basics, abandoned wells, analysis required for re-entry, potential uses for re-entered wells (including applications for EOR, CO2 EOR with sequestration, natural gas storage, geothermal heat recovery, and much more.) Packed with case studies and tips for practical application, this book provides readers with an understanding of re-entry techniques, pitfalls, and diagnostics to determine well integrity. This novel text digs deep into the process and benefits of re-entering abandoned wells in support of sustainability.

Hydrogen Production, Transportation, Storage, and Utilization: Theoretical and Practical Aspects is a comprehensive introduction to the theoretical and practical aspects of hydrogen as an energy vector. The book walks the reader through the upstream, midstream, and downstream at each stage, explaining concepts, methods, applications, and economics to provide a broad understanding of hydrogen energy. It explains each of the key aspects of hydrogen energy in dedicated chapters, guiding readers through the fundamentals of hydrogen as an energy vector to economic, safety, and environmental considerations. Chapters analyze the methods for hydrogen production and provide a review of the fundamental, technological, and environmental aspects of these methods while also examining physical, chemical, and material methods for hydrogen storage and explaining the corresponding, underlying theory and concepts. Other sections explore the downstream aspects of hydrogen in transportation, power generation, energy supply in industry, and as a feedstock in refineries and the chemical industry.

Solar Water Splitting: PV-Electrolysis, Photoelectrochemical, Photothermal, Photocatalyst, and Photobiological Methods is a fundamental resource offering detailed information on PV-electrolysis, photoelectrochemical, photothermal, photocatalyst, photobiological, and other innovative methods for the production of hydrogen gas, as well as presenting the theory, design, and materials involved. This is supported by application examples and recent developments in areas such as tandem cells, dye-sensitized photoelectrochemical cells, and perovskite cells for solar water splitting. This book will be of interest to researchers, scientists, and advanced students across solar energy, renewable energy, chemistry, chemical engineering, nanotechnology, and materials science, as well as engineers and industrial personnel with an interest in water splitting, solar cells, and hydrogen production.

Frosting for Air Source Heat Pumps: Research, Case Studies, and Methods provides a comprehensive accounting of the latest research, analysis, and modeling methods for limiting frosting and maximizing efficiency. The book begins by outlining the fundamentals of frosting mechanisms, including the condensation and freezing of water droplets. It then provides a wide range of case studies that showcase a variety of surfaces, conditions, and energy generation technologies. Finally, the last chapters demonstrate modeling and analysis of frosting operation before laying out critical considerations for designing a frost control strategy in ASHPs.Building on the theory and studies contained in the author’s previous work Defrosting for Air Source Heat Pumps, this book provides essential and advanced information for understanding and controlling frosting for these sustainable energy sources.

Flow assurance is critical for effective design and operation of hydrocarbon production and transmission systems. The aim is to ensure safe and economical flow of hydrocarbon fluids from the source to the markets. As future development of hydrocarbon resources moves into more challenging environments, the importance of flow assurance is becoming more asserted. Written by an internationally recognized team of experts, Flow Assurance in Pipelines: A Reference Guide is a unique, well-researched, and comprehensive work in the flow assurance discipline that addresses the stages of a flow assurance study and identifies how they relate to the pipeline system design and operation. This book is a fundamental resource for flow assurance engineers, pipeline engineers, operators, and production chemists, providing a detailed explanation of basic flow assurance issues that can arise in the pipeline systems and discusses practical methods to solve those issues, safely and cost effectively.

¿As carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions and other greenhouse gases constantly rise and constitute the main contributor to climate change, temperature rise and global warming, artificial intelligence, big data, Internet of things, and blockchain technologies are enlisted to help enforce energy transition and transform the entire energy sector.The book at hand presents state-of-the-art developments in artificial intelligence-empowered analytics of energy data and artificial intelligence-empowered application development. Topics covered include a presentation of the various stakeholders in the energy sector and their corresponding required analytic services, such as state-of-the-art machine learning, artificial intelligence, and optimization models and algorithms tailored for a series of demanding energy problems and aiming at providing optimal solutions under specific constraints.Professors, researchers, scientists, engineers, and students in energy sector-related disciplines are expected to be inspired and benefit from this book, along with readers from other disciplines wishing to learn more about this exciting new field of research.

This book proposes and develops the equilibrium compound nucleus post-fission theory, a powerful tool for studying the fission process and making numerical calculations of post-fission nuclear data. It begins with a detailed historical background on fission theory and covers fundamental concepts, such as the Bohr-Wheeler formula and time dependent nuclear density functional theory.The authors explain the kinematics of heavy-ion collisions and develop a heavy-ion spherical optical model. They also present the theoretical methods for calculating the yield, kinetic energy distribution, and angular distribution of fission fragments in the initial state of fission. In addition, readers are provided with the method for calculating the prompt neutron and prompt gamma-ray data as well as the proportion of the isomeric state nucleus and independent yield from the initial yield of the fission fragments. Using the nuclear decay data of the fission products, a method for calculating thecumulative yield and decay heat of the fission fragments is also given. A fission delayed neutron simplification model is proposed and the theoretical method for calculating the total contribution of three fission channels to post-fission nuclear data is provided.This book concludes with a step-by-step guide on numerical calculations for post-fission nuclear data and a Fortran program for optimizing the best theoretical model parameters. It is ideal for both junior and senior researchers in nuclear physics, as well as graduate students who are interested learning about the subject. Given the current interest in post-fission and the tremendous experimental and theoretical efforts in studying it, this book serves as a timely and comprehensive resource for the nuclear physics community.

André Ebel wertet Flottendaten eines batterieelektrischen Fahrzeuges hinsichtlich Fehlerbedingungen aus und generiert daraus unter Verwendung einer Gesamtfahrzeugsimulationsumgebung repräsentative Prüfzyklen zur zeitlichen Rekonstruktion der Fehlerbedingungen. Anhand der Flottendatenauswertung mit Methoden des Maschinellen Lernens identifiziert der Autor das schädigende Nutzungsverhalten fehlerhafter Fahrzeuge. Zur Generierung von kundennahen Prüfzyklen setzt er das tiefe Q-Lernen ein, ein Verfahren des bestärkenden Lernens. Die Kombination der Flottendatenauswertung mit der Prüfzyklengenerierung trägt zur zielgerichteten und realitätsnahen Erprobung von Antriebssträngen bei.

This book discusses the significant aspects of thermal transient testing, the most important method of thermal characterization of electronics available today. The book presents the theoretical background of creating structure functions from the measured results with mathematical details. It then shows how the method can be used for thermal qualification, structure integrity testing, determining material parameters, and calibrating simulation models. General practical questions about measurements are discussed to help beginners carry out thermal transient testing. The particular problems and tricks of measuring with various electronic components, such as Si diodes, bipolar transistors, MOS transistors, IGBT devices, resistors, capacitors, wide bandgap materials, and LEDs, are covered in detail with the help of various use cases. This hands-on book will enable readers to accomplish thermal transient testing on any new type of electronics and provides the theoretical details needed tounderstand the opportunities and limitations offered by the methodology. The book will be an invaluable reference for practicing engineers, students, and researchers.

This history of early Christian creeds contains an up-to-date account of their origin and development from the credal texts in the New Testament to the fully fledged classical formulae of the 4 th century. It includes the creeds' use and alteration in subsequent periods until the time of Charlemagne and the beginnings of the filioque controversy. In addition, the author provides a scholarly commentary on the most common ancient confessions: the Nicene Creed and the Apostles' Creed. Going beyond previous studies, the book contains chapters dedicated to the use of creeds in law, art, music, everyday life and even magic. Recently discovered source texts, such as a new Ethiopic version of the Roman Creed and a short recension of the Creed of Nicaea-Constantinople, receive extensive treatment. Credal developments in the eastern churches beyond the borders of the Roman Empire complete this comprehensive overview. This volume is intended both as a textbook for advanced students of theology and cognate disciplines and as a reference book on the creeds in a wide range of contexts. All source texts are accompanied by modern English translations. Winner of the Alberigo Award 2024 awarded by the European Academy of Religion.

Die Bereitstellung von Spiritual Care ist durch die geringe Spiritual Care-Kompetenz unter Gesundheitsfachpersonen eingeschränkt. Das vorliegende Werk beleuchtet Spiritual Care-Kompetenz in der Ausbildung von Gesundheitsfachpersonen: in einer konzeptionellen Untersuchung erfolgt eine Begriffsklärung, in einer anwendungsbezogenen Untersuchung werden zwei Studien zur Spiritual Care-Kompetenz ausgewertet. Zunächst werden Bedeutungsdimensionen herausgearbeitet, die die Spiritual Care-Kompetenz charakterisieren. Sodann zeigt zum einen die Analyse von Interviews, dass die Teilnahme an einem Online-Spiritual Care-Seminar zu Veränderungen in der Spiritual Care-Kompetenz führt. Zum anderen zeigt eine Fragebogenauswertung, dass Spiritual Care-Kompetenz ein veränderbares Konstrukt ist und die Teilnahme am Seminar einen signifikanten Effekt auf die wahrgenommene Spiritual Care-Kompetenz hat. Zusammenführend kann das Gesamtverständnis wie folgt präzisiert werden: Spiritual Care-Kompetenz ist Relations- und Grenzsituationskompetenz und kann durch ein gezieltes Lehrangebot gefördert werden. Diese Ergebnisse sind für das Verständnis von Spiritual Care-Kompetenz im Allgemeinen sowie für die Aus- und Weiterbildung in Spiritual Care im Besonderen relevant.

This book introduces biomass which is utilized all over the world based on geographical, cultural, and historical background. It covers 18 major biomass types and several specific plants categorized into 3 groups based on their usage. The present and historical background of representative materials from biomass, such as cellulose, lignin, chitin, sugar, molasses, amylose, and other interesting natural biopolymers, such as hyaluronan, gum Arabic, and others are introduced. Furthermore, characteristic features of representative and influential plants, such as rice, eucalyptus, and oil palm are described together with historical episodes. Although physicochemical characteristic properties of each material and plant have been published over many decades, scarcely a comprehensive introduction on biomass together with Asian, European, and Latin American cultural backgrounds. In this book, biomass familiar to everybody¿s life is introduced based on scientific and cultural viewpoints. It guides readers to gain background knowledge of targeting biomass to be developed as industrial resources. In addition to students, scientists, and lecturers, the book will be useful for industrial engineers, both specialists in polymer science and technology and materials experts.

This book gathers the proceedings of the 9th International Conference and Exhibition on Sustainable Energy and Advanced Materials (ICE-SEAM 2023), held on 14 September 2023, in Putrajaya, Malaysia. It focuses on a diverse range of subtopics: Additive Manufacturing¿Advanced Materials and Processes¿Design and Optimization¿Energy Efficiency, Energy Engineering and Management¿Modelling and Simulation¿Surface Engineering and Tribology¿Thermal and Fluids¿Vibration and Control. The content caters to academicians, researchers, students, practitioners working in the field of sustainable energy systems and advanced materials.

This book gathers selected research papers presented at the 5th International Conference on Energy Systems, Drives, and Automation (ESDA 2022). It covers a broad range of topics in the fields of renewable energy, power management, drive systems for electrical machines, and automation. This book also comprehensively discusses related tools and techniques and is a valuable resource for researchers, professionals, and students in electrical and mechanical engineering disciplines.