Energiteknik

This book contains selected proceedings of EPREC-2021 with a focus on power systems. The book includes original research and case studies that present recent developments in power systems, principally renewable energy conversion systems, distributed generations, microgrids, smart grid, HVDC & FACTS, power quality, power system protection, etc. The book will be a valuable reference guide for beginners, researchers, and professionals interested in advancements in power systems.

Available open access digitally under CC-BY licence. Portugal is among the best-placed European countries to take advantage of solar power, having achieved a five-fold increase in installed capacity during 2017-2023 despite financial constraints. In 2023, its National Energy and Climate Plan set an ambitious target for a further eight-fold increase from 2.5 GW to 20.4 GW by 2030. How can such fast-paced deployment secure sociospatial justice? What insights do political economic dynamics hold for future transitions? Drawing on long-term, multi-sited ethnographic fieldwork, this book is a one-stop resource for policy makers, practitioners, scholars, and anyone interested in just solar energy transitions. Siddharth Sareen won the 2024 Nils Klim Prize, recognising his exemplary work in the search for renewable and sustainable sources of energy.

"Master undergraduate electromagnetics with this concise and accessible textbook, linking theory to realworld engineering applications, with gentle mathematical support. A versatile full-color textbook for a one-or two-semester course, supported by lecture slides, instructor solutions, Matlab animations, and PowerPoint and jpeg digital figures"--

"Get up-to-speed with the fundamentals of how electricity markets are structured and operated with this comprehensive textbook, requiring no prior experience in power systems or energy economics. An ideal introduction for senior undergraduate and graduate students in electrical engineering, economics, and operations research"--

Waste-to-Energy: Sustainable Approaches for Emerging Economies presents the latest developments and applications for the conversion of waste into biofuels and other energy products. Divided into two parts, Section I reviews the major sources of solid waste and their management strategies in developing countries, and includes the collection, composition, segregation, and dispersal of various waste streams, as well as the generation of biogas and other value-added products. Section II examines the transformation of waste into biofuels and the management strategies required to efficiently implement waste-to-energy processes. Methods for the production of hydrogen, biomethane, biofuels, and bioenergy, as well as resource recovery are discussed in depth, and mathematical models are provided for anaerobic digestion techniques. The benefits and challenges of waste-to-energy as a waste management strategy are explored through dedicated chapters on the techno-economics, environmental and social regulation, and the operation of WtE plants. The final chapter of the book presents a lifecycle assessment and environmental impact analysis of the technologies and strategies discussed.

Accelerating the Transition to a Hydrogen Economy: Achieving Carbon Neutrality provides a guide to the transition to net zero carbon emissions through the hydrogen economy. Within the context of the Industrial Revolution 4.0, the book explores the implications of the hydrogen economy on the nexus of food-waste-energy and provides an overview of the impacts of the hydrogen economy on the energy industry. The book examines the role of the hydrogen economy in achieving net zero carbon emissions in the waste sector, methods for achieving decarbonization in different industries and parts of the economy, and the technologies that can achieve this. Each chapter provides a synopsis of the fundamental knowledge and latest developments to ensure readers of all experience levels and backgrounds can benefit from the book. Future perspectives and actionable next steps are suggested alongside case studies that provide a roadmap to decarbonization.

Renewable Energy Finance: Theory and Practice, Second Edition integrates the special characteristics of renewable energy with key elements of project finance. Through a mixture of fundamental analysis and real-life examples, readers learn how renewable energy project finance deals mix finance, public policy, legal, engineering and environmental issues. This book investigates the economics of large-scale green power production and incentive mechanisms and how they fit into the global energy industries. It also examines how distributed energy resources such as residential solar and batteries can be financed at the scale needed to play a significant role in the future energy mix. The authors examine how renewable energy projects get financed and built using modern non-recourse project finance structures. It also highlights recent innovations such as Green Bonds and Sustainability Linked Loans that have emerged in the context of ESG investments. The scope of the book is global, and it illustrates how renewable energy project finance has evolved in various places (such as the tax-equity structures used in the United States, due to the corporate tax incentives used there) to cope with local regulatory and policy environments.

Solar Chimney Power Plants: From Theory to Practice offers detailed information in one place, covering working principles, efficiency, performance-enhancing methods, experimental and theoretical studies, current application examples, techno-economic analysis, and artificial intelligence, providing the reader with a thorough and up-to-date understanding of solar chimney power plants. The book covers basic theory and dynamics of solar chimney power plants, systematic coverage of the various parameters affecting performance, assessment by experimental studies, mathematical and theoretical models, the use of computer simulations and computation fluid dynamics, and innovative applications and hybrid approaches.Finally, techno-economic analysis and the role of artificial intelligence are presented. This is an ideal resource for all those with an interest in solar chimney plants and energy conversion technologies, including graduate students, researchers, academics, faculty, engineers, R&D, scientists, policymakers and professionals in the renewable energy sector.

Electrochemical potassium storage explores the principles, materials, and technological developments of a variety of battery technologies based on electrochemical potassium storage. It covers the principles of potassium-ion batteries (organic and aqueous electrolytes), potassium metal batteries, potassium-sulfur (selenium) batteries, and potassium-oxygen batteries, as well as the development of the electrode materials of these batteries and the understanding of electrochemical cell operations. Batteries using potassium ions as the charge carrier to store energy operate via different electrochemical processes and have different features of materials electrochemistry compared to lithium-based batteries. Thus, battery technologies based on electrochemical potassium storage exhibit different performance strengths, potentially having diverse market applications. This is particularly important for the search for environmentally and economically sustainable alternatives to conventional lithium-ion batteries in a wide range of applications. This book presents the state-of-the-art development of potassium-based batteries and in-depth discussion on their structure-to-performance relationships.

Fermentative Hydrogen Production: From Fundamentals and Processes is a comprehensive examination of the theoretical and operational aspects of dark fermentative production of hydrogen. The book presents the latest technological developments, analyzes advantages and challenges, and discusses the potential for the maturity of dark fermentation. Part One analyzes the various technologies for hydrogen production, purification, storage, applications, and safety. In Part Two, first to third generation feedstocks are reviewed, as well as co-fermentation and solid and liquid wastes. Part Three examines the typical hydrogen-producing microorganisms in both pure and mixed cultures, along with sequencing techniques, pretreatment considerations, and engineering options. Part Four discusses influencing factors such as operational parameters, promotors, inhibitors, and has a dedicated section on the effects of Iron. Finally, Part Five directly compares dark hydrogen with other hydrogen production technologies through life cycle environmental impact assessments, highlighting bottlenecks and challenges in scaling up these technologies.

Hydrogen has an important role to play in decarbonised energy systems, but it is vital to generate it without carbon emissions, for example, using sunlight and abundant sea water. This work covers techniques for generating hydrogen from seawater, their advantages and shortcomings.

The new edition of this established work on wireless power transfer. Updates include output characteristics of multi-hop systems, technologies, new experimental data, developments on regulation and standardization, WPT for dynamic EV charging, and far-field WPT.

This publication explores marine renewable energy sources from floating solar farms to deep ocean turbines and shows how increasing the capacity of the blue economy can help the Asia and Pacific region transition to a clean energy, low carbon future.Providing an overview of ADB's Marine Aquaculture, Reefs, Renewable Energy, and Ecotourism for Ecosystem Services project, it examines stressors impacting the region's oceans and examines the benefits of multifunctional approaches. It considers emerging ocean entrepreneurship and shows how adopting a holistic blue economy vision can produce a regenerative marine environment, support coastal communities, and help meet climate goals.

Die Behandlung mit repetitiver transkranieller Magnetstimulation (rTMS) wird zunehmend zum Standard bei der Behandlung von Patienten mit Depressionen, unterstützt durch eine rasch wachsende Forschungsbasis. Dieser prägnante klinische Leitfaden dient als Nachschlagewerk und praktisches Werkzeug für Kliniker, die mit dieser Behandlungstechnik arbeiten oder sie kennenlernen möchten. Die einleitenden Kapitel enthalten grundlegende Informationen über die Geschichte und Entwicklung der rTMS-Behandlung und ihren Wirkmechanismus. Die Anwendung der Behandlung bei Depressionen wird dann im Detail behandelt, wobei die Evidenzbasis erläutert und eine Vielzahl klinischer Fragen erörtert wird. Die Nebenwirkungen der Behandlung werden diskutiert, und die Einrichtung von rTMS-Behandlungsprogrammen wird erklärt. Es gibt einen aktualisierten Überblick über den Einsatz von rTMS-Anwendungen bei anderen psychiatrischen Erkrankungen wie Zwangsstörungen. Weitere Kapitel befassen sich mit dem Einsatzvon tiefer TMS, Theta-Burst-Stimulation, beschleunigten Formen der rTMS und was bei Patienten zu tun ist, die nicht auf die erste Therapie ansprechen. Darüber hinaus werden die verschiedenen Ansätze für eine zielgerichtete Behandlung im Detail dargestellt. Dieses Buch vermittelt dem rTMS-Praktiker und jedem Interessierten eine aktuelle und umfassende Übersicht und bietet umfangreiche praktische klinische Ratschläge.

Die therapeutische Freiheit bezieht sich auf das Recht und die Verantwortung von Therapeut:innen, die beste Behandlungsmethode für Patient:innen auszuwählen. Es ist möglich, dass der Einsatz von KI-Algorithmen in der Psychotherapie diese Freiheit bedroht, wenn er z.B. die therapeutischen Entscheidungen dominiert oder ersetzt. Jedoch kann der Einsatz von KI-Algorithmen auch positive Auswirkungen haben, etwa im Bereich der Qualitätssicherung. Möglicherweise können Algorithmen-basierte Tools uns darin unterstützen, typische menschliche Verzerrungen und Unzulänglichkeiten bei komplexen Vorhersagen zu reduzieren. Sollten sich dann also Psychotherapeut:innen nicht die Freiheit nehmen, technische Hilfsmittel (incl. zukünftiger KI-Algorithmen) zur Unterstützung heranzuziehen¿?Die wichtigste Freiheits-Bedrohung scheint darin zu liegen, dass Psychotherapeut:innen sich selbst beschränken könnten oder sich durch KI das Denken abnehmen lassen. Dieses essential gibt einenEinblick und stellt weiterführende Fragen.

Renewable Hydrogen: Opportunities and Challenges in Commercial Success presents fundamental principles and the latest research and technological advances in renewable hydrogen commercialization. With commercial scenarios and case studies, the book offers practical guidance for the scale-up of hydrogen production and storage. Beginning with an introduction to alternative energy resources, Part 1 presents a deep dive into the chemical, biochemical and electrochemical processes of hydrogen production. Part 2 discusses hydrogen storage and transportation, with Part 3 reviewing the applications of hydrogen in the automobile, space and chemical industries. Finally, Part 4 considers future perspectives, including challenges and techno economics.This book is an essential read for those seeking to understand how to successfully apply hydrogen production and storage research to an industrial scale.

Immer mehr Menschen verbringen ihren Lebensabend in Einrichtungen der Altenpflege. Zusätzlich zur Sorge um physische, psychische und soziale Belange gilt es, deren spirituelle Bedürfnisse zu berücksichtigen. Ziel dieser Arbeit war es, die spirituellen Bedürfnisse von alten Menschen in Langzeitpflegeeinrichtungen zu erfassen. Gleichzeitig wurde untersucht, welche spirituellen Bedürfnisse Pflegende bei den ihnen anvertrauten Bewohner/-innen wahrnehmen. Dabei wurden Übereinstimmungen bzw. Unterschiede identifiziert. Daten aus 28 Einzelinterviews mit Bewohnerinnen und Bewohnern und 9 Fokusgruppeninterviews mit Mitarbeitenden wurden mittels Qualitativer Inhaltsanalyse ausgewertet und unter die Kernkategorien "Sinn", "Verbundenheit", "Transzendenz" kategorisiert. Die Kategorien beider Befragtengruppen wurden einem Vergleich unterzogen. Trotz zahlreicher Übereinstimmungen in den Aussagen beider Gruppen bleiben Defizite in der Wahrnehmung von Pflegenden. Aus den Ergebnissen der Arbeit werden Schlussfolgerungen für die Einbeziehung der spirituellen Dimension der alten Menschen in die pflegerische Arbeit im Seniorenheim gezogen und Empfehlungen ausgesprochen.

This book is a pioneering exploration of a new form of high-frequencyattenuation chamber that has the potential to revolutionize antenna measurementtechniques. The authors present an innovative concept that leverages theclassical principle of changing the polarization of radio waves, eliminatingthe need for traditional non-reflection chambers. By analyzing experimentalresults and searching for the optimal shape and composition of a depolarizationpanel, this monograph provides valuable insights into creating a non-reflectiveenvironment for accurately measuring the directional properties of antennas.The book delves into the methodology of frequency analysis, optimization of thedepolarization panel, and the creation of a measuring workplace using thispanel. It highlights the crucial attenuation phenomenon of suppressingcross-polarization coupling between transmitting and receiving antennas,enabling antenna measurements in any laboratory environment. With its promisingresults and practical applications in antenna technology, this publicationoffers a compelling and cutting-edge approach to antenna measurement that willcaptivate researchers, engineers, and professionals in the field.

In diesem Lehrbuch der Ingenieurwissenschaften werden die grundlegenden Konzepte der Mechanik, Festigkeitslehre, Thermodynamik, Maschinendynamik, Kraftfahrzeugtechnik, Elektrotechnik und Regelungstechnik auf eine mathematisch fundierte Weise erörtert. Die Besonderheit liegt in der praxisnahen Herangehensweise, bei der aus den mathematischen Formulierungen konkrete Modelle entwickelt und mithilfe von Matlab/Simulink simuliert werden. Dieses Buch richtet sich an Studierende der Ingenieurwissenschaften und bietet einen umfassenden Überblick über die zentralen Disziplinen. Praktische Beispiele, dargelegt durch Matlab-Codes und Simulink-Modelle, dienen dazu, das Verständnis zu vertiefen. Eine unverzichtbare Ressource für angehende Ingenieure, die eine tiefgehende und praxisorientierte Auseinandersetzung mit den Grundlagen der Ingenieurwissenschaften suchen.

Advances in Sustainable Humidification-Dehumidification Thermal Desalination Systems: 4E Analysis, Process Integration, and Materials presents the newest developments in humidification-dehumidification (HDH) systems and improvements in their applications for reducing energy usage. This book is split into three parts, first outlining principles, analysis, and optimization of HDH technology, its economy, its impacts on the environment, and a multistage approach for maximizing energy efficiency. This is followed by practical guides on implementing sustainable HDH systems within a variety of hybridization scenarios. Finally, this book provides an evaluation of different packing materials for HDH desalination units. Showing how the major advances in this technology impact the energy requirements of fresh-water production, Advances in Sustainable Humidification-Dehumidification Thermal Desalination Systems: 4E Analysis, Process Integration, and Materials takes readers from fundamental principles to sustainable real-world applications of HDH thermal desalination systems.

A one-stop, go-to reference containing all relevant and key industry concepts, equations, terminology, and formulas, the SPE Petroleum Engineering Certification and PE License Exam Reference Guide is the essential tool for those taking the SPE Professional Certification Exam and US PE Exam. This recently updated guide complements SPE's Petroleum Engineering Handbook series, as the key concepts and equations from that series have been separated out and methodically cataloged into this one volume. To quickly find what you are looking for, a new index has been added.Along with being crucial before and during exams (YES - IT CAN BE BROUGHT INTO THE EXAM), this invaluable guide continues to serve oil and gas industry professionals throughout their career. With this guide, there is no need to carry a suitcase full of books on every assignment or search multiple texts to simply find a definition or an equation. The SPE Petroleum Engineering Certification and PE License Exam Reference Guide is for anyone searching for an upstream or downstream solution.About the SPE Professional Certification Exam (SPEC)SPE has a vision to "enable the global oil and gas E&P industry to share technical knowledge needed to meet the world's energy needs in a safe and environmentally responsible manner." One way of achieving this vision is by sustaining the competency, professionalism, impartiality, and integrity of the personnel within the industry. SPE has responded to this challenge by establishing the SPEC, which offers members a vehicle to develop their technical competencies and skills across the entire field of petroleum engineering. SPEC has been offered for 13 years and is complemented by an SPE short course that gives candidates insight into the range of topics that the exam will cover and the style of questions they will face. In the summer of 2008, the SPE Engineering Professionalism Committee committed to writing a book that could be used as a single reference for the SPEC and the exam review course. Professor Ali Ghalambor authored the SPE Petroleum Engineering Certification and PE License Exam Reference Guide in 2014.

Advanced Drilling and Well Technology captures the vast developments that have occurred in well technology over the past several decades. The 10 chapters focus on applications related to many of the field-related challenges being faced today, such as deepwater and high-pressure/high-temperature wells, as well as emerging technologies like managed pressure drilling, expandable casing, coiled-tubing drilling, and multilateral wells.

This book is about solar ponds for energy storage from various perspectives, including fundamentals, efficiencies, system designs, local applications and details about what have been done in the world in the field of solar ponds for generating energy and storage it for useful purposes.

The Fast Track to Determining Transfer Functions of Linear Circuits is a condensed student guide teaching readers about first-, second- and third-order linear transfer functions commonly encountered in the design of electronic systems.Fast Analytical Circuits Techniques (FACTs) reduce mathematical overhead and often eliminate the use of complex equations for circuit analysis. If a circuit is too complicated, it is split into simpler subcircuits that can be evaluated individually. The intermediate results are then assembled to form a desired final result. FACTs work on RLC networks, but also on active circuits featuring operational amplifiers (op-amps) or transistors.Chapters List:Transfer FunctionsFast Analytical Circuits TechniquesZeroes of a Transfer FunctionGeneralized Transfer Functions.First-Order Transfer FunctionsSecond-Order Transfer FunctionsThird-Order Transfer FunctionsAppendix: Illustrating the Process of Determining Poles and ZeroesThe goal of this book is to be practical and lead the reader to solve problems by applying step-by-step approaches. In many cases, the only required accessories are a sheet of paper and a pen. Chapters one to four are a crash course on the FACTs. The following chapters detail how to determine transfer functions of classical networks from the first to third order. After going through the proposed examples at your own pace, the reader will master the techniques for analyzing RLC networks in the frequency domain.The book is an ideal companion for students who want to understand and master linear circuit behavior. BSEE, MSEE and Ph.D students will find many useful descriptions and methods which can be applied to linear circuit design and further study.

New Technology For Solar Photovoltaic Thermal Comprehensive Utilization Systems: Applications for Cold Regions provides step-by-step coverage of innovative areas of solar/photovoltaic/thermal (PV/T) hot water and heating systems, covering principles, structure, modeling, experimental testing, operating characteristics and optimization, and economic evaluation. The book begins by discussing the concepts, classification, advantages, and application methods of current solar hot water/heating systems, phase change storage, and connection methods. Several novel systems are investigated and analyzed, with applications in extreme cold and subtropical regions, including tank-type systems, dual-condenser heat pipe systems, heat pipe PV/T-Trombe wall systems, PV/T road heat pump systems, and PV/T-PCM-PEM electrolyzer hydrogen/heating systems. Finally, other new types of PV/T systems and building design considerations for special climate regions, and perspectives and future directions, are considered. This is a valuable resource for researchers, scientists, advanced students, engineers, R&D professionals, and other industrial personnel with an interest in solar photovoltaic/thermal (PV/T) technologies, solar energy, built environment, and renewable energy.

Perovskite Solar Cells: Prospects of Commercialization considers the challenges, technological barriers, and opportunities facing the commercialization of perovskite solar cells.First, the book provides a brief overview of the history of perovskite solar cells in the context of therise of photovoltaics, and an overview of materials systems being considered for these technologies. Then, five main aspects of commercialization are examined, including performance, processability, sustainability, potential applications, and economics. The materials properties, including their merits and drawbacks, are discussed along with their relationship to commercial viability with the aim of identifying gaps for further growth in the area.This book is suitable for materials scientists and engineers in academia and industrial R&D interested.

Oil, eh? One of the most troublesome substances known to man. Burn it and the world goes into meltdown. Disrupt it and the world goes into meltdown. You just can't win with oil... unless, of course, you're in the business. Supply disruptions hand the oil majors a golden chance to cash in on the subsequent spiralling price of their product... as the world was to discover to its cost the day Russia invaded Ukraine in 2022.Or rather, was to re-discover. For this wasn't the first time prices soared on the back of a war-caused oil supply crisis. It was a virtual mirror image of the first great oil shock fifty years earlier.In 1973 the upshot was the same as half a century later - a global, rocketing oil price-caused economic tailspin and the birth of a new Foreign Legion as the oil industry scrambled to find new reserves to bring online. From all walks of life, all corners of the world they came. A legion of men answering the call to join the great '73 oil rush, all with but one burning ambition - to escape the worldwide economic slump, swap the dole queue for the oil crew and take the A-train to wherever this new Klondike led.This is the slightly disconcerting account of one of them.

This collection of articles is tightly focused on metaphors in the prophetic literature of the Hebrew Bible and their later afterlife in Jewish and Christian texts.The essays deal with a wide range of historical, literary, and methodological issues. First, several contributions employ metaphor theory in analysing the biblical texts, both conceptual frameworks such as blending theory and more traditional methods. Second, metaphors are studied both synchronically, that is, in relation to their current literary contexts, and diachronically, that is, mapping how they have been employed and re-interpreted in different ways and different texts throughout time. Third, other contributions read metaphors in light of theoretical frameworks such as feminist criticism, post-colonial theories, or power discourses that uncover aspects of significance often missed in historical studies. Finally, yet other contributions deal with the issue of how to translate metaphors in contemporary contexts.

Although Origen and his Hexapla are well known among biblical scholars, questions about his philology, particularly textual criticism, persist. The Hexapla contained very important texts and translations of the Hebrew Scriptures, but unfortunately it was probably destroyed in the seventh century and we possess only fragments of it. This volume systematically treats the questions of Origen's forerunners and heirs and attempts to reconstruct how Origen developed the philological method he received and also how his followers received and innovated his textual work.