Teknologi: generelle emner

This book is a practical guide to the use of wireless electricity. It covers the basics of telegraphing, telephoning, and the transmission of power, and offers practical advice on how to use wireless technology in these areas. It is a valuable resource for anyone interested in the history of wireless technology.This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it.This work is in the "public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work.Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.

This book is a comprehensive study of the coal-fields of Great Britain, their geological structure, and their industrial significance. It discusses the various techniques for mining and extracting coal, the social and economic impact of coal on British society, and the environmental challenges associated with coal mining.This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it.This work is in the "public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work.Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.

This book tells the story of the laying of the first transatlantic telegraph cable in the mid-19th century. The author provides a detailed account of the technical, logistical, and financial challenges faced by the project, as well as the social and political implications of this groundbreaking technology. This book is a fascinating account of a momentous event in the history of communications.This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it.This work is in the "public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work.Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.

This indispensable reference work provides architects and engineers with the information they need to design reinforced concrete structures. The authors provide detailed tables and charts covering a range of topics including allowable stresses, slabs, beams, and columns.This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it.This work is in the "public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work.Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.

An indispensable guide for mariners navigating the treacherous waters around eastern Canada. Provides detailed maps and descriptions of key landmarks, as well as up-to-date information on hazards and currents. Contains everything sailors need to know to plan and execute a safe and successful voyage.This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it.This work is in the "public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work.Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.

Tidal energy has long been considered the laggard of the renewable energy industry. That may soon change. After a brief explanation of how ocean tides originate, progressive reasoning and mathematics are used to make an estimation of the pressure generated by the incoming tide. This is followed by a description of a new innovative structure designed to generate electricity from tidal action. Hundreds and potentially thousands of these structures could be constructed worldwide. The production of hydrogen gas by means of water electrolysis is expected to be a key component of the operation, with the hydrogen shipped by tanker and/or pipeline anywhere in the world.

As climate change and environmental degradation worsen, renewable energy alternatives are more needed than ever. Addressing this worldwide issue brings difficulties and opportunities. Renewable technology has a major impact on the environment and climate change, presenting promise for lowering carbon emissions and global warming. Governments and organizations worldwide are creating renewable energy policies to expedite the transition to sustainable energy. This involves promoting a hydrogen economy, carbon accounting, and regional renewable installation laws. Solar, wind, biomass, and geothermal technologies are used to generate clean energy. EVs are helping renewable power systems peak-shave, load-follow, and build swappable storage stations. Advanced power electronic converters optimize renewable energy grid integration. Energy storage technologies including electrochemical, thermoelectric, and electromagnetic devices are improving renewable power system stability and resilience. Smart grids, microgrids, and machine learning are transforming renewable grids into more flexible, dependable, and self-healing ones. Renewable energy optimization, control, and forecasting are crucial for efficient energy generation and delivery. Renewable and distributed system planning, output power smoothing, and energy storage efficiency are crucial for the adoption of renewables. Load forecasting, demand response, and machine learning are changing renewable storage systems to improve power quality, grid stability, and renewable flexibility.

This study guide is designed for students taking upper-level undergraduate courses in AC electrical machines. The textbook includes examples, questions, and exercises covering transformers, induction machines, and synchronous machines that will help students review and sharpen their knowledge of the subject and enhance their performance in the classroom. Offering detailed solutions, multiple methods for solving problems, and clear explanations of concepts, this hands-on guide will improve student problem-solving skills and understanding of the topics covered.

With approximately 2500 problems, this book provides a collection of practical problems on the basic and advanced data structures, design, and analysis of algorithms. To make this book suitable for self-instruction, about one-third of the algorithms are supported by solutions, and some others are supported by hints and comments. This book is intended for students wishing to deepen their knowledge of algorithm design in an undergraduate or beginning graduate class on algorithms, for those teaching courses in this area, for use by practicing programmers who wish to hone and expand their skills, and as a self-study text for graduate students who are preparing for the qualifying examination on algorithms for a Ph.D. program in Computer Science or Computer Engineering. About all, it is a good source for exam problems for those who teach algorithms and data structure. The format of each chapter is just a little bit of instruction followed by lots of problems. This book is intended to augment the problem sets found in any standard algorithms textbook. This book * begins with four chapters on background material that most algorithms instructors would like their students to have mastered before setting foot in an algorithms class. The introductory chapters include mathematical induction, complexity notations, recurrence relations, and basic algorithm analysis methods. * provides many problems on basic and advanced data structures including basic data structures (arrays, stack, queue, and linked list), hash, tree, search, and sorting algorithms. * provides many problems on algorithm design techniques: divide and conquer, dynamic programming, greedy algorithms, graph algorithms, and backtracking algorithms. * is rounded out with a chapter on NP-completeness.

The 5th conference on sustainability in civil engineering was held online on August 03, 2023, by the Department of Civil Engineering of Capital University of Science and Technology, Islamabad, Pakistan. The major topics included green construction materials and structures, construction management, and resilient infrastructure and environment. A total of 133 submissions from the UK, Ireland, Canada, Australia, Italy, Cyprus, China, Kazakhstan, Nigeria, Malaysia, KSA, and Pakistan were received. All papers had undergone a comprehensive and critical double-blind review process. In total, 57 reviewers from 16 different countries reviewed papers. In the conference, nine9 speakers delivered keynote lectures, and 56 accepted papers were presented. Civil engineers from academia and industry shared their practical experiences and different research findings.

Propulsion systems based on chemical reaction principles are still the most widely used thrust devices for aircrafts, drawing a lot of research attention. Whether in traditional propulsion systems including aero-engines, rocket engines, ramjets and scramjets, or new developed combined power systems (such as TBCCs and RBCCs), thermal protection, flow dynamics and combustion instabilities in engine systems are still major concerns, especially for high-speed aircraft. Thermal protection has become the biggest issue for hypersonic aircraft experiencing extremely high external aerodynamic heating and internal combustion heat release. Another challenging issue is the risk of combustion instability inside some propulsion systems, which couples with an unsteady heat release process and leads to high thermal load. Some optimized or novel design, analysis and simulated methods have been applied to the structural design, heat transfer and flow dynamics of propulsion systems. New measurement methods have been proposed to realize clear and accurate visualizations of flow field and combustion products, such as high-resolution PIV and burst-mode high frequency LIF. In addition, new concepts have been proposed aiming at improving the efficiency of propulsion systems, such as the application of powder fuel instead of traditional fuels and the application of supercritical fluids and nanofluids in thermal management systems.

The reprint collects research papers on mathematical and numerical modelling in fluid dynamics, discusses latest research developments in areas of fluid flows heat and mass transfer, and focuses on special topics and applications of tech-related real-world applications.

Energy plays a decisive role in realizing the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), such as employment growth, industry, innovation, and infrastructure, sustainable cities and communities, clean energy, and climate change. This reprint, titled "Recent Advancements in Sustainable Solar Photovoltaic Power Technology", presents significant works in the field of solar photovoltaic systems and critical issues in solar power generation technology, as well as the latest achievements and current problems in solar power generation technology and proposing corresponding solutions to key technical challenges in the utilization of solar power, pointing out future directions for achieving the SDGs through solar power generation technology.

This book highlights some of the latest advances in nanotechnology and nanomaterials from leading researchers in Ukraine, Europe and beyond. It features contributions presented at the 10th International Science and Practice Conference Nanotechnology and Nanomaterials (NANO2022), which was held on August 25-27, 2022 at Lviv House of Scientists, and was jointly organized by the Institute of Physics of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, University of Tartu (Estonia), University of Turin (Italy), and Pierre and Marie Curie University (France). Internationally recognized experts from a wide range of universities and research institutions share their knowledge and key findings across diverse areas ranging from quantum optics and nanoelectonics to biophysics.The book will be interesting for leading scientists, advanced undergraduate and graduate students in nanoelectronics, optics, bio-and chemical engineering. This book¿s companion volume also addresses topics such as nanostructured surface, nanomaterials, and its applications.

This book covers Poly(vinyl chloride) Fundamentals, Fabrication and characterization of PVC based composites and nanocomposites specifically natural fibre reinforced PVC composites, carbonaceous filler reinforced PVC composites , metal oxide fled PVC composites and nanocomposites etc. This book also covers the conducting PVC composites and recent advances in nanocomposites based on PVC .The rheological, mechanical, barrier, thermal, dielectric behaviour of PVC composites and nanocomposites are discussed in details.

This book provides expert coverage of the current state of the art in the application of nanotechnologies to cellulose research. It offers a comprehensive collection of topics including nanocellulose isolation, assembly into hierarchical structures, and advanced emerging applications. During the past decades, research in nanocellulose has advanced quickly, driven by the urgent needs for sustainability and the availability of advanced nanotechniques. Although cellulose has been investigated and used for thousands of years, the recent advances in nanotechnology have transformed our view of this natural substance. Cellulose, when present in the highly crystalline nanoscale form, can demonstrate interesting mechanical, optical, and fluidic properties that can be manipulated in designing materials with novel applications.This book contains 12 chapters. Chapter 1 focuses primarily on the fundamentals of nanocellulose, including general aspects on its structure, isolation, and characterization. Chapters 2-4 summarize the recent progress on assembly of nanocellulose into the macroscopic scale using state-of-the-art techniques. Chapters 5-13 cover the most advanced applications of nanocellulose in emerging areas, including superstrong materials, light management, electronics, energy storage, printed battery, water treatment, nanogenerator, and biomedicine. The book will appeal to upper undergraduate and graduate students through practicing researchers as a comprehensive reference on the subject of nanocellulose and its use in various fields.

This book discusses the efficacy of nanomaterial-based X-rays enhancers against cancer therapy and imaging in both in vitro and in vivo systems. Also, synthesis, mechanism, and the related biological effects are given. Moreover, nanoparticle-based contrast agents to enhance the image quality are compiled. Finally, special nanoparticle-based contrast agents to enhance the contrast for targeted cancer therapy are covered and discussed.

Fiber lasers are key components that have attracted wide attention owing to their advantages such as compact structure, high peak power, high efficiency, and excellent beam quality. To date, considerable efforts have been undertaken to improve the emission performance of optical fiber lasers, including their pulse duration, peak power, and stability. Furthermore, high-peak-power fiber lasers have been adopted as an edge tool in both research and industry fields, such as nonlinear optics, optical imaging, laser processing, and 3D printing. The aim of this reprint is to provide a comprehensive exploration of fiber lasers and their diverse applications.

This book provides two new optimization algorithms to address real optimization problems. Optimization is a fundamental concept in engineering and science, and its applications are needed in many fields. From designing products and systems to developing algorithms and models, optimization plays a critical role in achieving efficient and effective solutions to complex problems. Optimization algorithms inspired by nature have proven effective in solving a wide range of problems, including those in engineering, finance, and machine learning. These algorithms are often used when traditional optimization techniques are impractical due to the size or complexity of the problem. In this book, we are presenting two new optimization algorithms inspired by plant roots and the Mycorrhiza Network. The first algorithm is called the Continuous Mycorrhiza Optimization Algorithm (CMOA), which was proposed based on the model of the Continuous Lotka-Volterra System Equations. The second algorithm is called the Discrete Mycorrhiza Optimization Algorithm (DMOA), which design based on the model of Discrete Lotka-Volterra System Equations. By mastering the proposed algorithms, the readers able to develop innovative solutions that improve efficiency, reduce costs, and improve performance in the corresponding field of work.

Das Buch "5G und 6G: Technologien, die die Welt verändern - Die Schlüsseltechnologien des 21. Jahrhunderts und ihre Auswirkungen auf unser Leben" ist ein umfassendes Kompendium, das die revolutionären Netzwerktechnologien 5G und 6G in all ihren Facetten beleuchtet. Von den technischen Grundlagen und Spezifikationen bis hin zu den vielfältigen Anwendungsmöglichkeiten in Industrie, Medizin und Alltag bietet dieses Werk einen tiefgreifenden Einblick in die Technologien, die die Grundlage für die nächste Generation der globalen Kommunikation bilden.Die Sicherheitsaspekte, von Verschlüsselung bis hin zu Risikomanagement, werden ebenso gründlich analysiert wie die wirtschaftlichen und gesellschaftlichen Implikationen. Dabei werden auch ethische und regulatorische Fragen nicht ausgespart. Ein besonderer Fokus liegt auf den Herausforderungen und Zukunftsaussichten, die diese Schlüsseltechnologien mit sich bringen.Dieses Buch ist nicht nur ein unverzichtbares Nachschlagewerk für Fachleute und Forscher, sondern auch eine fundierte Informationsquelle für alle, die sich für die weitreichenden Auswirkungen dieser bahnbrechenden Technologien interessieren. Es bietet eine ganzheitliche Perspektive auf die komplexen Zusammenhänge und ist damit ein Muss für jeden, der die digitale Transformation und ihre Auswirkungen auf die Gesellschaft verstehen möchte.

This book contributes to the navigation algorithm development for an autonomous mobile orchard robot in a GNSS denied environment. In this book, an approach is provided for path planning in an orchard using an aerial view of the environment by creating Binary Occupancy Grid Maps. The path planning is further implemented by the Probabilistic Road Maps Method (PRM) over the developed Binary Occupancy Grid Maps. For robot¿s navigation, a navigation model is developed using kinematic equations of the robot. Further, the navigation module is used in conjunction with the path-planning module. The robot was tested successfully both in simulation as well as in the real environment.

This book focusses on additive manufacturing including many aspects, like vacuum assisted high pressure die casting, semi-solid metal casting, compressive and tensile forming processes, micro and nano machining, nanocomposite manufacturing, adhesive bonding, laser cutting and joining. Subtopics like modelling and optimization of manufacture processes, design for manufacturing strategies, development of new manufacturing technologies, design of novel manufacturing equipment, comparative case studies, cost and quality analysis, ecological aspects and destructive and non-destructive testing of manufactured components are also presented.The book provides a state of the art of engineering manufacture and also serves as a reference volume for researchers and graduate students using technological processes.This volume gathers selected contributions of the 1st International Conference on Engineering Manufacture 2022, held in Porto, Portugal, on May 5-6, 2022. 

Pedagogical insights gained through 30 years of teaching applied mathematics led the author to write this set of student oriented books. Topics such as complex analysis, matrix theory, vector and tensor analysis, Fourier analysis, integral transforms, ordinary and partial differential equations are presented in a discursive style that is readable and easy to follow. Numerous clearly stated, completely worked out examples together with carefully selected problem sets with answers are used to enhance students' understanding and manipulative skill. The goal is to make students comfortable and confident in using advanced mathematical tools in junior, senior, and beginning graduate courses.

Smart cities represent a great advance in terms of sustainability, energy efficiency and being able to respond to the needs of enterprises, institutions and inhabitants. In this sense, smart grids contribute to the development of smart cities in the field of electrical energy, including concepts such as renewable energies, distributed generation, energy efficiency and smart homes and automation. In order to be able to implement all the functionalities of smart grids, it is necessary to have real-time information about the different installations. In this sense, IoT plays a fundamental role in developing smart grids. Cloud computing, which integrates the data obtained via smart electrical meters, smart electrical power analyzers and other intelligent metering devices, contributes to the availability of the measured data in real time and provides intelligence to existing electrical networks. Wireless communication networks, especially LPWANs, allow the construction of devices with low energy consumption and high operating autonomy, which can be installed in different locations, even those that are difficult to access. The massive implantation of the electric vehicle implies the construction of charging stations. These stations must use renewable energy sources that contribute to saving fossil fuels, reducing CO2 and increasing the sustainability of electric mobility.