Teknologi: generelle emner

Commissioned by the Society for Modeling and Simulation International (SCS), this needed, useful new ¿Body of Knowledge¿ (BoK) collects and organizes the common understanding of a wide collection of professionals and professional associations.Modeling and simulation (M&S) is a ubiquitous discipline that lays the computational foundation for real and virtual experimentation, clearly stating boundaries¿and interactions¿of systems, data, and representations. The field is well known, too, for its training support via simulations and simulators. Indeed, with computers increasingly influencing the activities of today¿s world, M&S is the third pillar of scientific understanding, taking its place along with theory building and empirical observation.This valuable new handbook provides intellectual support for all disciplines in analysis, design and optimization. It contributes increasingly to the growing number of computational disciplines, addressing the broad variety of contributing as well as supported disciplines and application domains. Further, each of its sections provide numerous references for further information. Highly comprehensive, the BoK represents many viewpoints and facets, captured under such topics as:Mathematical and Systems Theory FoundationsSimulation Formalisms and ParadigmsSynergies with Systems Engineering and Artificial IntelligenceMultidisciplinary ChallengesEthics and PhilosophyHistorical PerspectivesExamining theoretical as well as practical challenges, this unique volume addresses the many facets of M&S for scholars, students, and practitioners. As such, it affords readers from all science, engineering, and arts disciplines a comprehensive and concise representation of concepts, terms, and activities needed to explain the M&S discipline.Tuncer Ören is Professor Emeritus at the University of Ottawa. Bernard Zeigler is Professor Emeritus at the University of Arizona. Andreas Tolk is Chief Scientist at The MITRE Corporation. All three editors are long-time members and Fellows of the Society for Modeling and Simulation International. Under the leadership of three SCS Fellows, Dr. Ören, University of Ottawa, Dr. Zeigler, The University of Arizona, and Dr. Tolk, The MITRE Corporation, more than 50 international scholars from 15 countries provided insights and experience to compile this initial M&S Body of Knowledge.

This book focuses on nonextensive statistical mechanics, a current generalization of Boltzmann-Gibbs (BG) statistical mechanics.Conceived nearly 150 years ago by Maxwell, Boltzmann and Gibbs, the BG theory, one of the greatest monuments of contemporary physics, exhibits many impressive successes in physics, chemistry, mathematics, and computational sciences. Presently, several thousands of publications by scientists around the world have been dedicated to its nonextensive generalization. A variety of applications have emerged in complex systems and its mathematical grounding is by now well advanced.Since the first edition release thirteen years ago, there has been a vast amount of new results in the field, all of which have been incorporated in this comprehensive second edition. Heavily revised and updated with new sections and figures, the second edition remains the go-to text on the subject.A pedagogical introduction to the BG theory concepts and their generalizations ¿ nonlinear dynamics, extensivity of the nonadditive entropy, global correlations, generalization of the standard CLT¿s, complex networks, among others ¿ is presented in this book, as well as a selection of paradigmatic applications in various sciences together with diversified experimental verifications of some of its predictions. Introduction to Nonextensive Statistical Mechanics is suitable for students and researchers with an interest in complex systems and statistical physics.

Dieser Titel aus dem De Gruyter-Verlagsarchiv ist digitalisiert worden, um ihn der wissenschaftlichen Forschung zugänglich zu machen. Da der Titel erstmals im Nationalsozialismus publiziert wurde, ist er in besonderem Maße in seinem historischen Kontext zu betrachten. Mehr erfahren Sie hier.

Dieser Titel aus dem De Gruyter-Verlagsarchiv ist digitalisiert worden, um ihn der wissenschaftlichen Forschung zugänglich zu machen. Da der Titel erstmals im Nationalsozialismus publiziert wurde, ist er in besonderem Maße in seinem historischen Kontext zu betrachten. Mehr erfahren Sie hier.

Keine ausführliche Beschreibung für "LESSINGS WERKE. [ AUSWAHL] BD. 2 LWA" verfügbar.

Den kendte og meget brugte udgivelse Grundrids af teknisk tegning er blevet opdateret, så den fremstår mere moderne og med et indhold, der passer til undervisningen i teknisk tegning, som den foregår i dag. Der er lagt mere vægt på cad, og nogle af de gamle dyder omkring tegning i hånden og på tegnebræt er tonet ned. I stedet er der kommet en projektlignende opgave, som giver eleven en mulighed for at gennemføre en større sammenhængende opgave, hvor de tegningsmæssige færdigheder kan komme i fuld anvendelse. Derudover kan læreren efter niveau stille yderligere krav om eksempelvis statiske beregninger, beregninger på levetid, vurdering af miljømæssige aspekter m.m. Desuden er afsnittet om tolerancer blevet udvidet med en række illustrative eksempler, og geometriske tolerancer behandles dybere. Bogen kan suppleres med et hæfte fra Dansk Standard med netop de standarder, der omtales i bogen. Bogen egner sig til ingeniør-, maskinmester-, industritekniker-, teknisk designeruddannelsen m.fl.

This reprint provides some up-to-date solutions in the domain of deep power vision technology and intelligent vision sensors. It offers the latest perspectives covering the detection, classification, and some other basic tasks in processing and analyzing the inspection images or videos of power systems.

With the development of new technologies, the attractiveness of the rotary engine's advantages is making a comeback in the minds of many designers. In recent years, driven by the progressive electrification of the automotive powertrain, new applications have emerged for the rotary engine in the automotive industry. This engine concept has also emerged as a range extender, especially due to its specific advantages such as simplicity, compactness, light weight, low vibration, and high efficiency. Therefore, the rotary engine has established itself as a formidable contender for some of the markets currently served by reciprocating engines in vehicle engineering. This reprint aims to provide a platform for researchers to share the latest advancements in the mixture organization, combustion improvement, and emission control of all rotary engine types and their sustainability in vehicle engineering.

This Special Issue reprint aspires to illuminate recent strides and innovative methodologies in the design, analysis, and measurement of antennas across a spectrum of emerging wireless communication systems. The primary goal is to explore and spotlight cutting-edge advancements while pinpointing fresh avenues for the evolution of research and techniques in this dynamic field. Readers will delve into the forefront of antenna technology, gaining insights that not only showcase recent developments but also guide the way forward, promising exciting prospects for further research and exploration in the realm of wireless communication systems.

This Special Issue aimed to present the recent developments in the interaction between the coupled multi-physical fields and underground structures, as well as geo-environmental effects, to stimulate fruitful technical and scientific interactions between professionals.A total of ten papers regarding geo-environmental problems in various ¿elds caused by underground construction are presented in this Special Issue reprint.

This Special Issue provides a forum for original high-quality research in Electroencephalography (EEG) signal pre-processing, modelling, and analysis in the time, space, frequency, or time-frequency domains. It focuses particularly on the utilization of machine learning and deep learning techniques. The range of applications covers healthcare, emotion, motor imagery, external stimulation, mental workload, and satisfaction.

The V International Conference la ValSe-Food and VIII Symposium Chia-Link: Feeding Biodiversity and Mitigating the Effects of Climate Change: the Role of Ancestral Crops in Creating Healthy Food, was organized by the International la ValSe-Food (Iberoamerican Valuable Seeds) Network-CYTED. The conference was held from 4 to 6 October 2023 in Valencia, Spain. Ancient grains refer to a category of grains that have been cultivated for thousands of years and have remained largely unchanged by modern plant breeding practices. These grains have a long history as staple foods in various cultures around the world. Ancient grains have gained popularity in recent years due to their nutritional benefits, unique flavours, and potential health benefits compared to modern grains. They are often sought after for their higher fibre, vitamins, and mineral content, as well as their suitability for at-risk or sensitive populations. In addition to promoting safe, sustainable, nutritious, and healthy food, la ValSe-Food Network also recognizes the importance of biodiversity and addressing climate change. The network acknowledges that ancient crops play a crucial role in preserving biodiversity and enhancing resilience in agricultural systems. In this sense, ancient crops possess unique, naturally selected genetic traits, making them valuable resources for future breeding programs and the development of climate-resilient crops, which can help to maintain biodiversity and protect against the loss of valuable genetic resources in the face of climate change and other environmental challenges.

Artificial intelligence (AI) has been gaining traction in smart agriculture. Machine learning (ML) can be used for environmental and production performance data analysis and prediction, and computer vision (CV) can monitor abnormal phenotypes in plants and animals. They have massive potential to enhance the overall functioning of smart farming and reduce manual labor. This Special Issue focuses on the novel application of ML and CV in smart farming. The content of this Special Issue encompasses the use of various AI models for the in-depth analysis of quantitative data, RGB images, remote sensing images, and 3D point cloud data, thereby completing tasks such as environmental and growth state prediction, target recognition, and early disease diagnosis, improving crop growth performance and animal welfare.

The maritime shipping sector toward intelligent and safe navigation is intrinsically tied to the integration of cutting-edge technologies (i.e., AI and big data). These technologies are being harnessed across multiple facets of the maritime domain. It is evident that these methodologies have the potential to significantly enhance the intelligence and safety of ships. This SI stands as a compendium of research papers that not only enrich the academic dialogue but also support substantial practical implications for the maritime industry. The insights and innovations contained within this SI are imperative in furthering the frontiers of intelligent and safe navigation. The contributions encompass a spectrum of recent developments, encompassing topics such as big data fusion for ship detection, collision avoidance through deep reinforcement learning approaches, and ship system identification, route planning, etc. These methods draw from a confluence of expertise, merging insights from ship science, AI, and their interdisciplinary interactions. Collectively, the research presented in this SI constitutes a vital stride in the ongoing endeavor to fortify and refine intelligent navigation.

This project was motivated by the upcoming fiftieth anniversary of the IFIP Human Choice and Computers (HCC) conference, the event that led to IFIP¿s Technical Committee 9 (TC 9). Although IFIP committees are mainly technical, TC 9 is dedicated to research at the intersection of information and communication technology (ICT) with society. In addition to sponsoring HCC, TC 9 supports groups that have specific research interests. In consultation with their members, the leaders of each group offer chapters about their groups¿ history and goals. An additional chapter describes TC 9¿s formation, and an appendix details the national groups that work closely with TC 9. Overall, this volume is a useful guide to the historical development of research on ICT and society, providing readers with important reference works and relevant themes, and also points to likely new trends in these domains.

With the continuous improvement of artificial intelligence and sensing technologies, the marine field is ushering in unprecedented change. In this wave of change, the design and application of marine transportation have become significant tools for promoting the marine economy and environmental protection. Motion control and path planning have become key technologies to ensure that marine transportation vehicles operate efficiently and intelligently in complex marine environments. Therefore, this Special Issue focuses on motion control and path planning for marine vehicles and explores how autonomous underwater vehicles (AUVs), surface unmanned vehicles (USVs), and deep-sea landers (DSLVs) can play a key role in the oceans through optimization strategies and new approaches. We will delve into the application of intelligent and autonomous motion control systems on marine vehicles, and the innovation and optimization of path-planning techniques. In this Special Issue, we brought together the latest results from experts and researchers, aiming to share their cutting-edge research in motion control and path planning for marine vehicles. We expect that the presentation of these papers will provide new ideas and solutions to promote marine science and technology development and application. Finally, we would like to convey our most profound gratitude to the staff of MDPI Books and the editorial team of Marine Science and Engineering, in particular the assistant editors, talented authors, and diligent reviewers.

This book is for you if:You have an idea for a product but are not sure where to startYou want to know how to protect your idea from being stolenYou are on a tight budget and want a low risk way to determine if your product idea has a chance to be successfulYou want a guide to evaluating your idea to see if it could be turned into a successful productYou need the technical knowledge about how product development happensYou want to understand what makes for good designYou want to understand how to validate your ideas with real customersYou need experience in running a businessYou want advice on finding a good manufacturer

This book is the result of serious efforts put forwarded by authors which encompasses various concepts of Plant Bacteriology from basics to advanced level with updated information. This could be useful to all group of enthusiastic learners of Plant Bacteriology and also can guide student community for preparing themselves for competitive exams because of its brief and simple description of few advanced level concepts. This can also be very helpful to the farmers who are familiar with English because it contains a detailed description of diseases and their management.

¿¿¿¿¿¿¿¿¿¿ ¿¿¿¿¿¿ ¿¿¿¿¿¿¿¿¿¿¿¿¿¿¿ ¿¿¿¿¿¿¿¿¿¿¿¿¿¿ ¿¿¿ ¿¿¿¿¿¿¿¿. ¿¿¿¿¿¿¿¿¿, ¿¿¿¿¿¿¿¿¿¿ ¿¿¿¿¿¿¿ ¿¿¿¿¿¿¿¿¿ ¿¿¿¿¿¿¿¿¿ ¿¿¿¿¿¿ ¿¿¿¿¿¿¿¿¿¿¿¿ ¿¿¿¿¿¿ ¿¿¿¿¿¿¿¿¿¿¿¿. ¿¿¿¿¿¿¿¿¿¿¿, ¿¿¿¿¿¿ ¿¿ ¿¿¿¿¿¿¿¿¿¿ ¿¿¿¿ ¿¿¿¿¿¿¿¿¿¿¿ ¿¿¿¿¿¿ ¿¿¿ ¿¿¿¿¿¿¿¿¿¿ ¿¿¿¿¿¿¿¿¿¿¿ ¿¿¿¿ ¿¿¿¿¿¿¿¿.¿¿¿¿ ¿¿¿¿¿¿¿¿¿¿¿¿¿¿¿ ¿¿¿¿¿¿¿¿¿¿¿¿¿ ¿¿¿¿¿¿¿¿¿¿¿¿¿¿¿¿¿ ¿¿ ¿¿¿¿¿¿¿¿¿ ¿¿¿¿¿. ¿¿¿¿¿¿¿¿ ¿¿¿ ¿¿¿¿¿¿¿¿¿¿¿:¿ ¿¿¿¿¿¿ ¿¿¿¿ ¿¿¿¿¿¿¿¿¿¿: ¿¿¿¿¿¿ ¿¿¿¿¿¿ ¿¿¿¿ ¿¿¿¿¿¿¿¿¿¿ ¿¿¿¿¿¿ ¿¿¿¿ ¿¿¿¿ ¿¿¿¿¿¿¿¿¿¿¿¿¿¿ ¿¿¿ ¿¿¿¿¿¿¿ ¿¿¿¿¿¿¿¿¿¿. Global Water Scarcity: Challenges and Consequences Introduction Water is an essential resource for life. Humans, animals, and plants all depend on water for their survival. However, water scarcity is becoming a major problem in many parts of the world. Causes of Water Scarcity There are many causes of water scarcity. Some of the most common causes include: Population growth: The increasing world population is a major driver of increasing water demand.Climate change: Climate change is causing more extreme weather events, such as droughts and floods, which can disrupt water supplies.Pollution: Water pollution can make water unsafe to drink or use for other purposes.Inefficient water use: Inefficient water use, such as leaks in pipes, can waste water.

Petri nets model concurrent and distributed systems where active components communicate through the production and absorption of various kinds of resources. Although the dynamic properties of such systems may be very complex, they may sometimes be connected to the static structure of a Petri net. Many properties are decidable, but their complexity may be huge. It is often opportune to restrict oneself to classes of systems, to partial algorithms, and to similar but simpler properties. Instead of analysing a given system, it is also possible to search for a system satisfying some desired properties by construction. This comprehensive textbook/reference presents and discusses these issues in-depth in the context of one of the most fundamental Petri net models, called place/transition nets. The presentation is fortified by means of many examples and worked exercises. Among topics addressed: ¿ In which order may actions may be generated and scheduled? ¿ What states and configurations may be reached in a concurrent system? ¿ Which interesting classes of systems can be analysed relatively efficiently? ¿ Is it possible to synthesise a system of some class from its behaviour? ¿ How can systems be represented algebraically, compositionally, and concisely? This unique text, based on introductory as well as on advanced courses on distributed systems, will serve as an invaluable guide for students and (future) researchers interested in theoretical¿as well as in practical¿aspects of Petri nets and related system models. Eike Best has been a full professor (now retired) affiliated to Carl von Ossietzky Universität Oldenburg, Germany. Raymond Devillers has been a full professor (now retired) affiliated to Université Libre de Bruxelles, Belgium. The authors have a long record as collaborators in the fields of Petri nets and the semantics of concurrency.

Dass die Energiewende wichtig ist, darin besteht spätestens seit der Veröffentlichung der EU-Klimaberichte die internationale Einigkeit. Jedoch sind die Pfade der Energiewende auch heute noch ein Auslöser für zum Teil hitzige Diskussionen. Die Energiewende ist neben einem zunehmenden Energiemix auch der Übergang von der stoffgebundenen Energie, gebunden in der Kohle, gebunden in den Erdöl-Produkten, hin zu einer zunehmend regenerativ erzeugten elektrischen Energie. Selbst mit dem Ausbau der Netze für den elektrischen Strom in Richtung Kupferplatte BRD, hat die Vollelektrifizierung ein Umsetzungsproblem: es fehlen die wichtigen Energiespeicher. Das elektrische Netz kann nicht quasi wie ein Schwamm beliebig viel elektrische Energie aufnehmen, sondern immer nur so viel, wie zeitgleich an anderer Stelle elektrische Energie abgenommen wird. Darum müssen, mangels Energiespeicher, immer noch die Windenergieanlagen abgeregelt werden zur Vermeidung einer Überlast in den Netzen. Mit dem Abregeln der Windenergieanlagen geht bereits jetzt im Giga-Watt-Bereich grundsätzlich erzeugbare elektrische Energie unwiderruflich verloren. Batterien allein sind als Speicher in dieser Größenordnung keine Option mehr; Batterien und Wasserstoff ergänzen vielmehr einander.

These are the proceedings of the 27th International Conference on Domain Decomposition Methods in Science and Engineering, which was held in Prague, Czech Republic, in July 2022.Domain decomposition methods are iterative methods for solving the often very large systems of equations that arise when engineering problems are discretized, frequently using finite elements or other modern techniques. These methods are specifically designed to make effective use of massively parallel, high-performance computing systems.The book presents both theoretical and computational advances in this domain, reflecting the state of art in 2022.