Lingvistik

On the premise that syntactic variation is constrained by factors that may not always be immediately obvious, this volume explores various perspectives on the nominal syntax in the early Germanic languages and the syntactic diversity they display. The fact that these languages are relatively well attested and documented allows for individual cases studies as well as comparative studies. Due to their well-observable common ancestry at the time of their earliest attestations, they moreover permit close-up comparative investigations into closely related languages. Besides the purely empirical aspects, the volume also explores the methodological side of diagnosing, classifying and documenting the details of syntactic diversity. The volume starts with a description by Alexander Pfaff and Gerlouf Bouma of the principles underlying the Noun Phrases in Early Germanic Languages (NPEGL) database, before Alexander Pfaff presents the Patternization method for measuring syntactic diversity. Kristin Bech, Hannah Booth, Kersti Börjars, Tine Breban, Svetlana Petrova, and George Walkden carry out a pilot study of noun phrase variation in Old English, Old High German, Old Icelandic, and Old Saxon. Kristin Bech then considers the development of Old English noun phrases with quantifiers meaning ¿many¿. Alexandra Rehn¿s study is concerned with the inflection of stacked adjectives in Old High German and Alemannic. Old High German is also the topic of Svetlana Petroväs study, which looks at inflectional patterns of attributive adjectives. With Hannah Booth¿s contribution we move to Old Icelandic and the use of the proprial article as a topic management device. Juliane Tiemann investigates adjective position in Old Norwegian. Alexander Pfaff and George Walkden then take a broader view of adjectival articles in early Germanic, before Alexander Pfaff rounds off the volume with a study of a peculiar class of adjectives, the so-called positional predicates, which occur across the early Germanic languages.

This book is about the policy-practice praxis in English language education, and draws on research from a diverse range of under-explored international settings to showcase the importance of contextual realities on how policy and practice interact. The case studies covered in the volume come from five continents (Africa, Europe, Asia, and South and North America) and cover 11 countries in total. The authors cover a wide range of themes and identify a number of issues at the interface between policy and practice. In some cases they also highlight local initiatives for navigating these issues, providing contextually-grounded guidance and experience which will be of use to teachers and teacher trainers in other settings. This book will be of interest to policy makers, EMI researchers, ELT practitioners, teacher trainers and trainees, and the broader Applied Linguistics research community.

This book offers a systematic acoustic phonetic analysis of both language and dialect death in the region of Béarn, southwestern France. Focusing on Béarnais, a localised dialect of Gascon which is under pressure from French, the author explores the socio-political process of language shift, whereby members of a speech community cease to speak their indigenous language in favour of an incoming dominant language. Gascon is at an advanced stage of this process, making its remaining speakers excellent candidates for the study of language obsolescence, and this unique study will be of interest to researchers working in a broad range of disciplines, including language variation and change, language and dialect contact, Occitan and French, sociophonetics and phonology.

This book presents rich information on Romanian mythology and folklore, previously under-explored in Western scholarship, placing the source material within its historical context and drawing comparisons with European and Indo-European culture and mythological tradition. The author presents a detailed comparative study and argues that Romanian mythical motifs have roots in Indo-European heritage, by analyzing and comparing mythical motifs from the archaic cultures, Greek, Latin, Celtic, Sanskrit, and Persian, with written material and folkloric data that reflects the Indo-European culture. The book begins by outlining the history of the Getae-Dacians, beginning with Herodotus' description of their customs and beliefs in the supreme god Zamolxis, then moves to the Roman wars and the Romanization process, before turning to recent debates in linguistics and genetics regarding the provenance of a shared language, religion, and culture in Europe. The author then analyzes mythcreation, its relation to rites, and its functions in society, before examining specific examples of motifs and themes from Romanian folk tales and songs. This book will be of interest to students and scholars of folklore studies, comparative mythology, linguistic anthropology, and European culture.

Drawing on groundbreaking research from the European Union's MultiMind project, this enlightening volume debunks common misconceptions surrounding multilingualism and illuminates its profound impact on our mind, brain, and society. With contributions from top researchers across 14 countries, the book expertly bridges linguistics, neuroscience, psychology, and more, offering insights not only into the cognitive and neural benefits of multilingualism but also its pivotal role in education, health, and therapeutic settings.

With cultural and linguistic diversity, migration, and constant change as defining features of contemporary societies, it is increasingly necessary to enhance our capabilities within multilingual environments. Reconceptualizing Language Norms in Multilingual Contexts offers a groundbreaking exploration of language practices and norms in the diverse and dynamic world we inhabit today. It challenges the traditional understanding of language norms as stable and stationary. Instead, it embraces multiculturalism and multilingualism as the norm rather than the exception. Drawing upon a wide range of methodological approaches, this book brings together a collection of position papers, critical reflections, and explorations by emerging and established voices in the field. It delves into how language norms emerge, evolve, and shape communication in both collective and individual contexts of diversity. By reconceptualizing language norms, this book sheds light on real and relevant language practices in multilingual and multicultural spaces, offering insights from the people who inhabit and navigate these contexts. While the content of this book revolves around everyday communication, its academic approaches and comprehensive exploration make it a valuable resource for graduate students, educators, and researchers in the fields of multilingualism and applied linguistics. By bridging the gap between language norms and multilingualism, this book seeks to advance our understanding of language practices in the increasingly interconnected and diverse world.

Dans les méandres sombres de l'histoire de l'humanité, se cache un chapitre déchirant de souffrance et de désespoir : la traite négrière. Pendant des siècles, des millions d'hommes, de femmes et d'enfants furent arrachés à leur terre natale, vendus comme du bétail et transportés dans des conditions inhumaines vers les Amériques. Leurs vies furent marquées par le labeur forcé, les mauvais traitements et l'oppression. Pourtant, au c¿ur de cette tragédie, la quête de liberté persistait. Les noirs, victimes de cette traite abjecte, se sont battus avec une détermination sans faille pour échapper à leurs chaînes et retrouver leur humanité volée. Leurs histoires sont des témoignages d'espoir et de résilience face à l'adversité, illuminant la noirceur de cette période sombre de notre histoire commune. C'est dans cet esprit que je vous présente mon roman inédit intitulé "Les chaînes de l'espoir". À travers les pages de ce récit, je m'engage à explorer les profondeurs du système esclavagiste et à donner une voix à ceux qui ont été réduits au silence. Je souhaite exposer la cruauté de la traite négrière, mais aussi mettre en lumière la quête de libération de ses victimes.

This book is an investigation into aspects of prosody, intonation and the prosody-syntax interface in Totoli, an endangered Austronesian language. With a strongly data-driven approach, the study integrates a combination of experimental evidence from both production and perception with corpus-based evidence through descriptive and inferential statistics. The study takes the prime structuring unit of speech ¿ the Intonation Unit ¿ as its principal unit of investigation. It presents a thorough description of the IU, develops an intonational model of it, and investigates the syntactic units it contains. The author argues that the data is best analysed by assuming recursive embedding of Intonation Units into Compound Intonation Units. This research represents a significant advancement in our understanding of the nature of prosodic systems found in the languages of the region and in intonational systems in general. It is one of the few investigations into the intonation of Austronesian languages and its analytical proposals are relevant both to prosodic theory and to phonological typology.

Zwischen 1933 und 1945 dokumentierten zahlreiche Geflüchtete ihre Erfahrungen mit dem NS-Regime, um die (Welt)-Öffentlichkeit über dessen Verbrechen aufzuklären. Mittels rhetorischer und narrativer Verfahren und dem gattungsspezifischen Referenzversprechen implizieren diese Texte eine komplizitäre Rezeptionshaltung, die konstitutiv für ihre Poetik ist. Die vorliegende Studie bringt auf innovative Weise Ansätze aus der Exilforschung, der internationalen Autobiographie- und Life Writing-Forschung sowie der literaturwissenschaftlichen Pragmatik zusammen. Dabei entwickelt sie das Konzept der ¿Komplizenschaft¿ als eine rezeptionsästhetische Analysekategorie, die den komplexen und weitaus unterschätzten Poetiken der testimonialen Exilautobiographik Rechnung trägt. In eingehenden Fallstudien werden Autobiographien von Stefan Zweig, Sebastian Haffner und Catherine Klein untersucht.

Das vorliegende Buch untersucht die kontrastive Linguistik durch den Vergleich der Morphologie des Arabischen und Marokkanischen mit der des Deutschen. Diese sprachwissenschaftliche Arbeit ist in drei Hauptbereiche unterteilt. Ziel meiner Analyse ist es, die Unterschiede und Gemeinsamkeiten in der Verwendung von Dialekten, der Nominalbildung von Bewegungsverben und Verbalstämmen zwischen dem Marokkanischen Arabischen und dem Deutschen aufzuzeigen. Dies geschieht durch die Untersuchung und den Vergleich von Beispielen aus beiden Sprachen.

This book shines a light on novel and less familiar domains of early English language education for children aged 3 to 12, in mainstream and out-of-school settings. Enveloping the volume is the making of creative connections to wider educational philosophies which extend beyond the confines of a narrow linguistic lens. In reconciling the theory-practice divide in English language education, each chapter presents a synthesis of research issues leading to a practical showcase of ideas. Organised in two main parts, the first focuses on innovations within classroom practice, curriculum development, and child-centred assessment, exploring areas which have either received insufficient attention and/or have been reimagined through fresh perspectives. The second part explores innovations in pre- and in-service teacher education contexts and focuses on lesser-known and/or underexplored topics, including bridging general and language education, multilingualism, in-depth learning, metacognition,and pragmatics. This is a timely publication for teacher educators and practitioners alike.

Das Interesse an Deutsch als Fremdsprache hat weltweit in den letzten Jahren weiter zugenommen. Bisher wurde dabei noch nicht in ausreichendem Maße berücksichtigt, dass DaF heute meist zu beruflichen Zwecken und mit gezielten professionellen Absichten gelernt wird. Dieses Handbuch begegnet erstmals dem zunehmenden Interesse am Deutschen als Fremdsprache mit einem besonderen Augenmerk auf die fachliche Kommunikation. Hierzu wird nach einer Einführung das Themengebiet zunächst theoretisch abgesteckt. Anschließend werden historische Fragestellungen vom Mittelalter bis in die Gegenwart erörtert. Auch die aktuelle Rolle des Deutschen angesichts der internationalen Dominanz des fachsprachlichen Englisch kommt hier in den Fokus. Weiter wird auf allgemeine sprachliche Charakteristika und didaktische Perspektiven eingegangen, wobei alle linguistischen Kernbereiche abgedeckt werden, ergänzt um u.a. Stilistik, Textualität, Barrierefreiheit und Migrationskonstellationen. Den didaktischen Möglichkeiten ist ein eigenes Kapitel gewidmet. Es folgen Kapitel zu fachsprachlichen Textsorten und Kommunikationsformen auf Deutsch sowie Artikel zu disziplinären Aspekten und internationalen Perspektiven. Das Handbuch soll richtungsweisende Impulse im Bereich DaFF setzen und als Nachschlagewerk für die Beschäftigung in Studium, Forschung und Lehre fungieren.

Este volumen parte del extraordinario conocimiento generado en los últimos años para facilitar y mejorar la enseñanza de la gramática tanto a estudiantes nativos como a no nativos, y se alinea, en concreto, con el desarrollo de la Gramática Orientada a las Competencias (GROC) y con la aplicación de principios de la lingüística cognitiva en el ámbito del Español como Lengua Extranjera (ELE). El estudio se acota a las relaciones que se producen en las estructuras ditransitivas, especialmente con verbos de transferencia y trayectoria. La exploración de dichas relaciones deriva en la elaboración de materiales y herramientas para que el análisis del lenguaje resulte de utilidad, con el propósito de dotar a los estudiantes de un conocimiento gramatical significativo y operativo.

La obra nace en el marco del proyecto Discurso institucional e imagen de la mujer: impacto comunicativo y social en Andalucía (US-1381061) y aborda la representación que se hace de la mujer en el discurso de las instituciones en el ámbito hispánico y sus implicaciones sociales. Los trabajos que la conforman abordan los niveles implicados en la producción discursiva: lingüístico, psicosocial, comunicativo y sociocultural, partiendo de la idea de que el imaginario social se crea y fija a través del discurso. Se denuncian los sesgos discriminatorios que se mantienen, dificultando el camino hacia la igualdad real y efectiva entre hombres y mujeres. Esta obra contribuye a evidenciar la necesidad de seguir investigando en las estrategias comunicativas como instrumento de cambio social.

Die in Mittel-, Ost- und Südosteuropa wahrnehmbaren arbeitsmarktorientierten Anforderungen verweisen auf den Mehrwert von Deutsch als Berufs- und Fachsprache in dieser Region. Der Band verdeutlicht aus der Sicht eines dynamischen Arbeitsmarktes und der gesteigerten Nachfrage nach deutschsprechenden Fachkräften, wie fach- und berufsbezogenes (Sprach-)Wissen in der universitären Ausbildung in den vertretenen Ländern trainiert werden kann und welche Herausforderungen länderübergreifend auftreten. Die einzelnen Beiträge beschäftigen sich mit den Besonderheiten berufsorientierter und fachspezifischer Kommunikation und deren Vermittlung und Übertragung, wobei auch praxisbezogene Überlegungen zum professionellen Dolmetschen angestellt und interkulturelle Ansätze vorgestellt werden.

L'immigrazione straniera rappresenta un fenomeno sempre più rilevante nella società italiana contemporanea. La presenza di persone provenienti da culture e contesti diversi richiede una riflessione attenta sulle modalità di integrazione e sulle dinamiche interculturali che si sviluppano all'interno del nostro paese. In questo contesto, l'educazione rappresenta una delle sfide principali per l'integrazione dei migranti nella società italiana. Infatti, l'insegnamento dell'italiano come lingua seconda (L2) è un fattore fondamentale per il successo del processo di integrazione. Nel corso degli anni, le modalità di insegnamento dell'italiano come L2 sono state oggetto di continui cambiamenti, a seguito dell'evoluzione del fenomeno migratorio e della normativa scolastica italiana.

This volume explains how scientometrics can be used in understanding the research studies in applied linguistics and will assist applied linguists to examine different aspects of the research performed in their field. The book covers a diachronic and synchronic empirical analysis of research practices, concepts, and phenomena in applied linguistics. It builds upon the ideas and experience of international researchers and provides the reader with creative methods to apply the scientometric principles in their applied research. Aimed at emerging applied linguistics researchers, researcher-practitioners, and MA and PhD students, this book provides a wealth of research ideas for further analysis, to strengthen the knowledge of the field, and to help digest research practices, research publications, research trends, research policies, and research methods. The book will also be useful for the well-established applied linguistics researchers who are interested in a reconceptualization of the field.

Examining the role of language in the construction and expression of nationalism from a linguistic anthropological perspective.

This book explores the evolution of sentiment in economic terms in the press during financial crises applying a combination of sentiment analysis techniques and usage fluctuation analysis on a diachronic corpus derived from editorials in quality newspapers during the Great Recession. The book uncovers two key findings: first, certain economic terms become event words during times of crisis due to their increased use in the press and the general public, revealing rapid semantic changes in economic terms caused by major socio-economic events. Second, sentiment-laden collocations are found to be influenced by culture, highlighting language¿s adaptability to financial upheavals. This work proposes an innovative methodology that combines lexicon-based Sentiment Analysis, Corpus Linguistics, and qualitative Discourse Analysis to shed light on how language shapes economic discourse, making it a valuable resource for scholars exploring the relationship between language and historic events.

El presente volumen contiene una edición contrastada y anotada en letras latinas de las cuatro adaptaciones sefardíes de Robinson Crusoe. La edición de textos va precedida por un estudio preliminar que abarca una breve introducción a la narrativa sefardí moderna en la que se comentan los comienzos de la literatura secular en judeoespañol. A continuación, se presentan las ediciones judías de Robinson Crusoe, esto es, las adaptaciones asquenazíes en yídish y en hebreo, y las sefardíes en judeoespañol. La obra se completa con un estudio comparativo lingüístico-literario que se centra en la judaización de los textos y su adaptación para el público sefardí, haciendo hincapié también en los fenómenos lingüísticos derivados del hecho de tratarse de la traducción de un original.

This volume examines the potentially deleterious impact of place branding on the social fabric, ecosystems and local economies of the places concerned. As the different essays show, place branding is a fundamentally political practice, often driven by hidden agendas that marginalize certain groups within society. Contributors explore place branding from a wide variety of angles, including: the role played by the visual arts in city branding; the applied arts, and speci cally the fashion industry¿s potential for shaping perceptions of a particular place; the different ways in which sport has been exploited by the political elites; the role of design in place branding, including the architectural design of sports stadia; and the potentially insidious economic and societal consequences of excessive consumption of branded places.